36 take spectators enthrall an audience
37 which owe who owns
38 moiety portion
40 prate prattle
41 For42 ... spare I value life as I do grief, both of which I could do without 42 for ... for honor is handed down from me to my children and it is only for that reason that I make a stand 45 conscience also "inward consciousness"
46 grace favor
47 merited deserved
encounter behavior (plays on the sense of "sexual act")
48 With ... thus by what unacceptable behavior have I transgressed that I appear on trial like this 53 fie shame
54 I ... first I've never heard that adulterers lacked the same audacity to deny (gainsay) their actions that was required to perform them 61 More ... acknowledge I must not answer for more than those faults that I actually possess 73 for as for
74 dished served up
78 Wotting knowing
83 level ... dreams target, aim of your delusions 84 Which i.e. my life
88 of your fact who have committed your crime
89 concerns ... avails is of more importance than practical advantage to you 90 like to itself which, as a bastard, it should be 93 in ... death i.e. the very mildest form of your punishment will be death, perhaps preceded by torture 96 bug imagined terror, fearful threat
97 commodity thing of value
99 give acknowledge, give up for
103 Starred most unluckily born under an unlucky star 104 it its
105 Haled dragged
post proclamations were nailed up publicly
106 strumpet harlot/whore
immodest outrageous
107 child-bed privilege rights extended to women after they had given birth, including bed-rest 'longs belongs
108 fashion ranks
110 strength of limit strength gained during the postnatal period of recuperation 115 free clear
116 sleeping else otherwise unforthcoming
117 awake create/muster
118 rigour ... law severity rather than justice (plays on the phrase "the rigor of the law") 127 flatness absoluteness
140 truly begotten conceived legitimately
147 sessions trial
151 conceit imagining
152 speed fate
157 mortal fatal
168 transported carried away, overcome
172 tardied held back from
175 Not ... done depending on whether he did or did not do the deed 177 Unclasped my practice revealed my plot
179 commended entrusted
180 No richer than with nothing but
glisters shines
184 lace laces that fasten the corset, cut to relieve faintness 187 studied planned
188 wheels to which victims were tied and beaten Racks torture instruments that stretched the limbs
193 Fancies imaginings
green immature
idle foolish
196 bygone fooleries previous mistakes
spices slight tastes
198 of as
inconstant disloyal
201 Poor trespasses small crimes
204 or either
205 shed ... done't wept from his fiery eyes, or while burning in hellfire before he would commit such a sin 208 tender young
cleft broke
209 conceive understand
sire father
211 Laid ... answer something you are required to answer to 212 said finished speaking
214 dropped down emerged
218 Tincture or lustre color or brightness
221 heavier ... stir more sorrowful/weightier than all your remorse/misery can shift 222 betake thee To prepare for/go to
225 still permanent
227 look ... wert look in your direction, take pity on you 232 Howe'er ... speech whatever the nature of events you have erred in being so outspoken 240 petition urging, request
241 minded reminded
246 remember remind
247 patience endurance, suffering
249 Thou ... truth you spoke best when most truthfully 251 of by
253 them i.e. the gravestones/burial monuments 257 nature ... exercise I am physically able
259 use undertake
1 Thou ... o'th'business dialogue between Antigonus and Mariner is set as verse, but may have been intended as prose perfect certain
2 deserts deserted coastal areas
5 present blusters impending storms
conscience opinion
6 that ... hand what we are undertaking
9 bark small ship
12 loud stormy
22 creature being, figure
23 some another sometimes on the other side
24 vessel container, figure
25 filled ... becoming full of sorrow and so beautiful 26 sanctity holiness
29 fury strong passion
anon presently
35 for because
36 Perdita literally "the lost one"
37 ungentle ignoble/cruel
39 shrieks ghosts were traditionally supposed to shriek in high-pitched voices 42 toys trifles
44 squared ruled
49 speed fare, survive
50 character written account of her history and parentage these gold and jewels later found with the baby
51 breed ... thine pay for your upbringing with sufficient left over 53 fault crime
56 enjoined committed, obliged
59 clamour the noise of hunters and dogs or the roar of the bear 60 chase hunt (of Antigonus)/hunted bear
bear a real polar bear cub was available at the time of the play's first performance, but some scholars assume an actor in bear costume 65 ancientry elderly/ancestors
66 boiled-brains idiots
67 this in this
70 browsing of feeding on
an't be thy if it be God's
71 bairn child
72 child baby girl
73 scape sexual transgression
bookish well-read
74 stair-work ... behind-door-work i.e. secret sexual liaisons (work plays on the sense of "sexual activity" and trunk plays on the sense of "body") 76 warmer i.e. from sexual activity
got begot, conceived
77 tarry wait
hallooed called out
78 Clown a rustic, comic character; the Shepherd's son 80 on about
81 ailest troubles/prevents
85 firmament sky
bodkin's pin/needle
87 chafes seethes
88 takes up consumes/rebukes
90 boring piercing
91 anon then/shortly
yeast foam
92 hogshead cask of alcohol
land-service combat on land/food served on land (i.e. events on land) 95 make ... ship finish the story of the ship/tell you how the ship met its end 96 flapdragoned consumed (as in a game of flapdragon, where raisins are plucked from burning brandy and swallowed) 101 winked shut my eyes
104 by nearby
106 your ... footing you would have been unable to stand (footing puns on the sense of "establishment of a charity") 107 Heavy grave, sorrowful
108 met'st met
109 bearing-cloth christening robe
110 squire i.e. one of a relatively high social position 112 changeling child taken by the fairies, or the one substituted for it 115 you're ... live you will live prosperously
116 fairy gold if not kept secret, riches brought by fairies were thought to bring bad luck 117 close secret
next nearest
118 still yet/always
122 curst vicious
125 what who
126 Marry by the Virgin Mary
1 try test (proverbial: "time tries all things")
both ... Of bringer of both joy and terror to the
2 unfolds reveals
4 wings Time was traditionally depicted as winged
6 growth untried development unexamined
8 self-born selfsame/self-created (by Time)
9 plan
t and o'erwhelm create and overrule
10 ere ... received since the beginning of time, before the oldest laws and customs were set down and before those of the present day 11 witness bear willing testimony
12 them i.e. law and custom
do be
13 stale ... present redundant and past what is now fresh and gleaming 15 seems to it seems old in comparison to the present 16 glass hourglass
17 As as if
Leontes ... himself leaving Leontes to the consequences of his foolish jealousies, so distraught he shuts himself away 20 Gentle noble, wellborn/ excellent/polite, courteous 22 king's i.e. Polixenes'
23 pace proceed
25 Equal with wond'ring as great as the admiration her grace inspires 26 list not prophesy wish not to foretell
28 adheres pertains
29 argument subject matter
31 yet yet allow
1 importunate persistent, urging
2 'tis ... denying it makes me ill to deny
3 fifteen the discrepancy between Camillo's fifteen and Time's sixteen years may be a scribal error or a slip on Shakespeare's part 4 been aired lived
6 feeling heartfelt
allay comfort
7 o'erween presume
11 want be without
made me businesses handled affairs for me
15 considered rewarded
16 heaping friendships growth of Camillo's kindnesses/increase of mutual friendship 17 fatal deadly
20 reconciled remorseful, confessed
23 unhappy miserable/unfortunate
gracious virtuous
24 approved proved
28 missingly noted noticed in his absence
retired absent
29 exercises activities, pastimes
32 eyes ... service employees to watch him
33 removedness absence/where he goes
37 unspeakable estate indescribable wealth
39 rare note exceptional report
40 begin originate
42 angle fishhook
44 question conversation
45 uneasy difficult
46 present immediate
Autolycus literally, "the wolf himself" or "the lone wolf"; in classical mythology, he was a crafty thief 1 peer peep out/appear
2 doxy whore/low woman
3 sweet o' sweetest part of
4 pale paleness/domain
5 sheet ... hedge spring-cleaning involved washing linen, which was hung out to dry on hedges 7 set ... edge unclear; the general sense seems to be "whet my appetite for thieving" ("to pug" means "to tug or pull," hence possibly "to steal"); alternative possibility is sexual ("pug" meant mistress/whore and "tooth" was associated with desire, as in "toothsome") 11 aunts whores, wenches
12 tumbling having sex
13 three-pile costly thick velvet
14 out of service unemployed
19 tinkers menders of metal pots and kettles (also applied to beggars and thieves) leave to live permission to live freely
20 sow-skin budget pigskin toolbag
stocks instrument of punishment in which the arms or legs were confined 22 in ... avouch it affirm that I am a tinker (rather than a vagabond) and thus escape punishment 23 traffic trade, goods
kite ... linen the kite (a bird of prey) supposedly stole pieces of cloth to build its nest; Autolycus steals sheets that have been left out to dry 24 littered under fathered by/born under the influence of (the connotations of animal birth recall Autolycus' wolfishness) 25 Mercury Roman god of thieves/the planet
unconsidered disregarded, unattended
26 die i.e. gambling
drab whoring/pimping
caparison clothing, outfit
27 silly cheat petty deception/foolish victim of my trickery Gallows and knock hanging and beating (punishments of a highwayman) 29 For ... come as for the future/the afterlife
31 'leven wether tods eleven sheep will produce 12 kg (a tod) of wool 32 odd one
34 springe trap
cock woodcock, a proverbially stupid bird
35 counters round metal disks used for calculating 36 sheep-shearing feast festival held between May and July; the shearing of the sheep was accompanied by general celebrations 39 lays it on sets about it thoroughly
made me made
40 nosegays posies of flowers
three-man-song-men men who sing three-part songs
41 means boy altos or adult countertenors
42 puritan pious Protestant, opposed to excessive festivity 43 hornpipes wind instruments/lively vigorous dance/piece of music for such a dance; the puritan is so religious he will only sing psalms to them warden pies made from a variety of pear
44 Mace spice made from nutmeg
out of my note not on my list
45 race root
46 o'th'sun sun-dried
48 I'th'name of me a mild, and unusual, oath
54 stripes lashes of a whip
57 great matter serious consequences/ infected wounds 60 horseman ... footman highwayman or robber on foot (who would wear inferior garments) 64 hot service active use, i.e. excessive wear 69 out dislocated
80 troll-my-dames loose women/whores
85 abide stay briefly
87 ape-bearer showman with a performing monkey
process-server officer who serves a summons
88 compassed a motion traveled around with a puppet show prodigal son in the New Testament parable, the younger son who squanders his inheritance but is forgiven by his father (Luke 15) 90 living property
flown over dabbled with
92 Prig thief/tinker
93 wakes country festivals
98 false of heart fearful
102 softly gently
105 good-faced honest, kind
108 hot full (plays on the sense of "spicy")
110 cheat deception
bring out lead to
111 sheep i.e. to be stupid
unrolled removed from the list of thieves and vagabonds 114 hent grasp
1 unusual weeds special (festival) clothes
2 Flora Roman goddess of flowers
3 Peering ... front appearing at the beginning of April 4 petty minor
9 mark o'th'land object of public attention
obscured concealed, disguised
10 swain's wearing rustic clothing
11 pranked up dressed up, adorned
12 mess group of diners/collection of dishes
folly lewd or foolish behavior
13 Digest ... custom tolerate it because it is a tradition 15 show ... glass look at myself in a mirror
20 difference i.e. in rank
22 accident chance event
25 Vilely bound up humbly/degradingly dressed (literally, bound like a book) 26 flaunts fancy clothes
27 sternness majesty
28 Apprehend be apprehensive about, imagine
31 Jupiter ... bull in classical mythology the Roman supreme god Jupiter transformed himself into a bull and abducted Europa 32 Neptune ... ram the Roman sea god Neptune took on the shape of a ram to carry off Theopane 34 Apollo ... swain the classical sun god Apollo disguised himself as a shepherd to seduce a mortal nymph 37 in a way for an undertaking/in a manner
38 Run not before do not overtake
45 I my life possibly Perdita anticipates being threatened with death 47 forced unnatural/uneasy
48 Or either
52 Though even if
53 with ... while i.e. by occupying yourself with anything else in the meantime 55 as as if
59 Stand you be/remain (Fortune was traditionally fickle) 61 Address prepare
sprightly in a lively, cheerful manner
64 pantler pantry maid
65 dame hostess
68 On his at one person's
70 to ... sip toast each person
retired withdrawn
83 rosemary herb symbolizing remembrance
rue herb symbolizing repe
ntance and grace
84 Seeming and savour appearance and smell
88 fit suit, match
90 the year ... winter i.e. in autumn
93 gillyvors gillyflowers, a type of dual-colored carnation 94 nature's bastards gillyflowers are a result of cross-pollination 96 slips cuttings (plays on sense of "sexual lapse") 97 Wherefore why
98 neglect reject
99 For because
piedness being multicolored
100 an ... nature i.e. artificial cross-breeding, in its effect of creating streaked color, only imitates nature's skill 103 mean method
104 over ... makes i.e. man and his materials are created by nature, therefore anything he does is essentially natural too 107 gentler scion nobler shoot
stock stem/ancestry
109 race root/ancestry, i.e. through cross-breeding, a superior plant is generated from a baser one 110 mend improve
116 dibble tool for making holes in which to plant seedlings set plant
117 painted wearing makeup
120 Hot herbs were divided into "hot" or "cold" varieties based on their supposed qualities savory a type of herb
121 goes ... weeping the marigold closes at sunset and opens, filled with dew, at sunrise 127 Out, alas! exclamation of dismay
134 maidenheads virginities
Proserpina in Ovid's Metamorphoses, Proserpina, the daughter of Ceres, is abducted by Dis (Pluto) as she gathers flowers, and is taken in his chariot (wagon) to the underworld where he rules 137 dares i.e. return from its migration
take bewitch
138 dim modest/drooping
139 Juno queen of the Roman gods
140 Cytherea Venus
142 Phoebus the sun god
malady ... maids i.e. greensickness, a type of anemia that caused pallor and weakness; it affected adolescent girls 144 crown imperial a lily first imported into England from Constantinople in the late sixteenth century 145 flower-de-luce fleur-de-lis, heraldic lily (actually a type of iris) 150 if if so
151 quick alive
153 Whitsun pastorals morris dances and plays celebrating Whitsun, seven Sundays after Easter 156 Still always
158 alms charity to the poor or sick
159 ord'ring arranging of
162 still plays on the sense of "motionless"
163 own ... function perform no other activity
your doing thing you do
particular individual aspect
164 singular exceptional (plays on the sense of "individual, particular") 165 what ... deeds your present actions
167 Doricles the name Florizel has assumed
169 true honorable/faithful
170 give you out proclaim you to be
172 the false way with dishonorable intentions
174 skill cause
176 turtles turtledoves, thought to mate for life 180 greensward grass
184 blood look out blush
sooth truth
185 curds and cream derived from milk and thus associated with shepherds 187 mistress dance partner
188 mend ... with i.e. improve her breath (so bad that even garlic would help) 189 in good time expression of indignation
190 stand upon insist on
194 boasts say he boasts