National Republicans, 314, 342
Navy, U.S., 257, 295, 303, 359, 369, 372–375
Nelson, Horatio, 267–268
Neutrality
foreign policy of, 153–165, 169, 172–174, 181, 184, 208, 287, 378
Hamilton, Alexander, and, 172, 184
Jay on, 173
Proclamation of, 161, 164–165, 169, 172, 181
Washington, George, and, 153–156, 158–162, 184
Neville, John, 197, 201
New England
secession of, 318, 366, 377
Washington, George, touring, 57, 70–74
New Orleans, 182, 184, 189, 339, 351
closing of, 302–304, 309–310
dissatisfaction in, 338
Jackson, Andrew, defending, 377
Louisiana Purchase and, 307, 309–310, 313, 315–317, 331
Spain and, 74, 166, 222, 302, 309–310, 316–317
New York
Burr as gubernatorial candidate for, 326–327, 330–331, 333
Clinton, George, as governor of, 37, 41, 43, 45–47, 50, 53, 110, 121, 190, 240, 324, 327, 330
Jay as governor of, 284
as potential capital, 94–97
Newspapermen, attacks by
on Adams, John, 263, 270, 324
on Burr, 326–327
on Jefferson, Thomas, 296–297, 309, 324
on Washington, George, 105, 161–162, 172–173, 175, 185, 213, 224, 230, 246, 259, 280, 283, 318, 324
Nicholas, John, 260–261, 276
Nicholas, Wilson Cary, 266, 313–314, 352, 365
Nicholson, Joseph, 341
Nixon, Richard, 389
Nullification, 265–266, 269, 380–382, 384
“Of Ancient and Modern Confederacies” (Madison, J.), 13–14
Old Dominion. See Virginia
Old Republicans, 314, 337, 340, 342–343, 346–347
Oswald, Eleazer, 208–209
Page, John, 23, 84
Paine, Robert Treat, 257
Paine, Thomas, 6, 147, 228
Adams, John, attacked by, 304
Common Sense by, 154
Jefferson, Thomas, and, 62–64, 78, 111–112, 140, 291–292, 302–304
The Rights of Man by, 111–113, 154, 292
Washington, George, and, 112, 235–236, 292, 304
in Washington, D.C., 303–304
Paris Commune, 140–141, 145
Paterson, William, 214
Penn, William, 95
Pennsylvania, 196–203, 216
See also Philadelphia
Pensions, 8–10, 76
Permanent Superintendent of the Military Academy, 378
Philadelphia, 94–98, 159, 182, 201–202
Philadelphia convention, 13–16, 33–34, 37
Phocion, 237–238
Pichon, Louis Andre, 270, 292–294, 300–301, 315–316, 329
Pickering, John, 322–323, 339, 342
Pickering, Timothy, 315, 328, 334
as secretary of state, 214, 228, 239, 255–256, 270–271
as secretary of war, 210, 214
Pinckney, Charles, 284–285
Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, 228, 247–248, 256, 268–269, 283–285, 334
Pinckney, Thomas, 184, 195, 215, 222, 238, 240, 242, 262
Pinkney, William, 347–348
Pirates, war against, 75, 99, 215, 295, 303, 319, 344–345, 358
Pitt, William, 153, 192, 218
Pius VII (pope), 336
Pliny, 263–264
Plumer, William, 318, 322
Political extremism, 206, 226
Pony express, early version of, 315, 317
Postal service, 315, 317
Presidents
Congress’s relationship with, 385–390
1800 election for, 278, 281–288, 288, 292, 299, 312, 323, 328, 332, 334, 339, 361, 364–366
1804 election for, 322, 326, 330, 333–334
Genet and, 158–159, 169
Jefferson, Thomas, against, 35, 49, 55, 77, 290, 390
Senate and, 55
1796 election for, 237–243
Twelfth Amendment and, 240, 333
See also specific presidents
Price, Richard, 91–92
Proclamation of Neutrality, 161, 164–165, 169, 172, 181, 184, 233
Publicola, 112
Publius, 38, 82
Quasi War, 284
Randolph, David Meade, 296
Randolph, Edmund, 16, 25–26, 43, 45, 51, 103, 123, 136
as secretary of state, 185, 189, 195, 204, 206, 208, 210–211, 213–214
Randolph, John, 315, 340, 349, 352
as majority leader, 314, 337, 346
Tertium Quids of, 346–347, 357, 361–362, 369–370
Randolph, Thomas Mann, 89, 263, 296
Recorder, 296
Redick, David, 201
Reed, Joseph, 6
“Reflections on the Revolution in France” (Burke), 79, 111
Register, 332
Reign of Terror, 194, 304
Report on Manufactures (Hamilton, A.), 118–119, 125, 378
“A Report on the Privileges and Restrictions of Commerce of the United States in Foreign Countries” ( Jefferson, T.), 186
Republican Party. See Democratic-Republican Party
Residence Act, 97
Revolutionary war. See War for Independence
Reynolds, James, 118, 134–136
Reynolds, Maria, 118–119, 134–135, 242, 250
The Rights of Man (Paine, T.), 111–113, 154, 292
Robespierre, Maximilian, 145, 148, 163, 182, 194, 197, 227, 235, 304
Rochambeau, Donatien de, 302, 316
Rodney, Caesar, 351
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 269, 388
Roosevelt, Theodore, 387–388
Ross, James, 198
Ross, John, 304
Rush, Benjamin, 87, 183
Rutledge, John, 210
St. Clair, Arthur, 115–117, 200
Santo Domingo
France and, 293–294, 300–302, 305–306, 311, 316–318, 323, 339
Haiti on, 293, 323–324, 336
Schuyler, Philip, 77, 97, 110
Scrips, 106, 119
Secession, 324, 328, 332–334
Kentucky and, 197
of New England, 318, 366, 377
of South, 382, 385
Secretary of state
Adams, John Quincy, 182
Gallatin and, 369
Jefferson, Thomas, 51–52, 57, 75, 78–100, 103, 111–112, 123–128, 130–133, 136–162, 164–186, 240
Madison, James, 295, 300–301, 308–310, 315–316, 328–330, 333, 337, 343, 345, 359–361, 364
Pickering, Timothy, 214, 228, 239, 255–256, 270–271
Randolph, Edmund, 185, 189, 195, 204, 206, 208, 210–211, 213–214
Smith, Robert, 185, 189, 195, 204, 206, 208, 210–211, 213–214
Secretary of the Navy, 359, 369, 373–375
Secretary of the Treasury
Gallatin, 291, 336–337, 345, 352, 358–360, 363, 365, 370, 376
Hamilton, Alexander, 51, 76, 82–88, 92–98, 100, 101–104, 113, 118–132, 135–138, 153, 155, 158, 168, 179, 181–184, 187–189, 196, 198, 201, 291, 309, 378
Wolcott, 210, 213, 228, 237, 247, 262–263
Secretary of war
Dearborn, 358–359
Eustis, 373–374
Knox, 51, 75, 96, 115–117, 164, 170, 172, 174–175, 184, 198, 206
McHenry, 214, 271
Pickering, Timothy, 210, 214
Stanton, 385
Sedgwick, Theodore, 271, 276
Sedition Act. See Alien and Sedition Acts
Seditious libel, 324–325, 330, 341–342
Senate, 202, 208, 279, 386
in Constitution, 34, 37, 55
foreign policy and, 140
Louisiana Purchase and, 314–315
preside
nts and, 55
1796 election, 229, 237–243
Shawnee Indians, 75, 116, 371
Shays’ Rebellion, 11–12, 15, 34–35, 40, 61, 161, 198
Shelby, Isaac, 166–168, 189
Sherman, John, 386
Short, William
affair of, 139, 147
Jefferson, Thomas, and, 30, 32, 139–141, 145–147, 149–151, 166, 344
Simcoe, John Graves, 190
Sinking fund, 87, 122–123
The Six Percent Club, 120–121
Skipwith, Fulwar, 263, 301, 308
Slavery, 44, 93, 296–297, 382, 384–385
Smith, Robert, 359, 369
Smith, Samuel, 188
Smith, William Loughton, 187, 246
Smith, William Stephens, 35
Society for the Establishing of Useful Manufactures (S.U.M.), 113–114, 120, 123, 125
Society of the Cincinnati, 30–31, 260
South
secession of, 382, 385
Washington, George, touring, 105
South Carolina, 284–285, 381–382
Spain, 12, 75, 154, 157, 194, 201, 294, 339, 359
Burr and, 331, 339, 349–356, 359
Florida and, 74, 345–346
Genet and, 157–158, 166–168, 184, 189
New Orleans and, 74, 166, 222, 302, 309–310, 316–317
Pinckney, Thomas, and, 195, 215, 222, 238
treaty with, 222, 310
Wilkinson spying for, 168, 302, 331, 350, 353, 375
Stanton, Edwin, 385
Stevens, Hamilton, 182–183
Stevens, Thaddeus, 385–386
Stock market crash, 122–124, 127
Strict construction, of Constitution, 103, 309, 314–315, 351
Stuart, Archibald, 365
Stuart, David, 39
S.U.M. See Society for the Establishing of Useful Manufactures
Supreme Court
attempts to destroy, 342, 350
Jay as Chief Justice of, 76, 136, 173, 176–177, 180, 193
judicial review by, 340, 379
Marshall, John, as Chief Justice of, 286, 289, 337, 340, 350–355, 378–379, 381, 383
Talleyrand-Perigord, Charles Maurice de
France represented by, 255, 262, 270, 293, 301, 303, 307–308, 312, 320, 346
Louisiana Purchase and, 307–308
Tammany Society, 334
Tarleton, Banastre, 23–24
Taxes
cancellation of, 290, 359
whiskey, 100–101, 127, 196–197, 201, 377
Taylor, John, 363
Tecumseh, 371
Tenskwatawa, 371
Tenure of Office Act, 385–386
Tertium Quids, 346–347, 357, 361–362, 369–370
Theater, 76–77
Thomson, Charles, 69
“To Adams and Liberty” (Paine, R.), 257
Todd, Dolley Payne, 204–205, 285, 328, 376, 381
Tom the Tinker, 197
Trade
with Canada, 362
Embargo Act and, 360–366
with France, 52–53
with Great Britain, 52–53, 85, 99, 150, 186–192, 207
import duties and, 11, 51–52, 99, 186, 207, 359
with West Indies, 12, 52, 83, 86, 190, 192, 207–208, 210, 245, 377
Treason, 331, 339, 346, 349–357, 355, 382
Treasury secretary. See Secretary of the Treasury
Treaties
with France, 154–155, 194, 224, 227, 263, 284
Louisiana Purchase, 308–309, 311, 313–316, 320, 338
with Spain, 222, 310
for War for Independence, 2, 9, 20, 26–32, 116
See also Jay Treaty
Trist, Nicholas P., 380–381
Troup, Robert, 283
Truman, Harry S., 388
Trumbull, Jonathan, 273–274
Trumbull, Lyman, 386
Tupper, Edward, 354
Twelfth Amendment, 240, 333
United States (U.S.)
British conflicts with, 187–193, 207–213, 218–219, 346–348, 370–371
Civil War, 97, 134, 203, 364, 384
debt of, 83, 86–89, 93–94, 98, 196
French conflicts with, 247–249, 251–258, 284, 302–305
Indian conflicts with, 74–75, 115–117, 120, 155, 168, 184, 190, 192, 199–200, 215, 371
Jacobins in, 256, 260–261, 276, 289, 340
Navy, 257, 295, 303, 359, 369, 372–375
See also Army, U.S.; Bank of the United States; Congress, U.S.; Constitution, U.S.
University of Virginia, 380
USS Chesapeake, 358–359
USS Philadelphia, 345
Valley Forge, 7–8, 76
Van Rensselaer, Stephen, 330
Venable, Abraham, 135–136
Veto, 388
Vice presidents
Adams, John, 54–56, 70–71, 73, 80, 91, 109, 112–113, 136–137, 164, 186, 193, 223, 238, 240
Ames on, 240–241, 243
Burr, 287, 290–291, 322, 326–327, 330, 332, 337, 339–340
Clinton, George, 322, 334, 344, 361, 370
Jefferson, Thomas, 240–241, 244–258, 261–264, 271–272, 275–285
A View of the Conduct of the Executive (Monroe), 229, 259
A View of the Political Conduct of Aaron Burr, Esq. (Cheetham), 326
Virginia
Civil War and, 364
convention, 41–43
Henry as governor of, 5, 17
imperial, 318–319
Jefferson, Thomas, as governor of, 2, 20–25, 66, 362
Lee, Henry, as governor of, 134, 189, 195, 198–199, 201, 205
legislation in, 17–19, 275–276
Monroe as governor of, 275, 278, 286
Resolutions, 269, 281, 313, 366, 380–381
University of, 380
The Virginia Plan, 16, 33
Wade, Ben, 385
Walker, Betsy, 297
Walpole, Robert, 107–109
War
France declaring, 154–155, 162–164, 194
looming, 187–195
neutrality and, 153–165, 169, 172–174, 181, 184, 208, 287, 378
against pirates, 75, 99, 215, 295, 303, 319, 344–345
trade, 187–189
See also Secretary of war; specific wars
War for Independence, 15, 82, 129
France in, 8–9, 22, 24, 33, 140, 155, 302
Great Britain in, 2, 6–10, 20–24, 93, 99, 207
Knox in, 10–11
militia in, 6–8
peace treaty, 2, 9, 20, 26–32, 116
See also Continental Army
War of 1812
army in, 372–378
Canada in, 373–377
Democratic-Republican Party and, 372–374
Great Britain in, 348, 372–378
Jefferson, Thomas, and, 348, 372–375
Madison, James, and, 372–378
militia in, 376, 378
Washington, D.C., burned in, 376
Washington, D.C., 94–97, 288
as federal village, 298–299, 314
Paine, Thomas, in, 303–304
in War of 1812, 376
Washington, George
Adams, John, and, 6, 257, 274–275
on Alien and Sedition Acts, 268–269, 273, 283
Bank of the United States and, 101–104, 107–109
biography of, 70, 383–384
birthday of, 219, 245, 254
cabinet of, 51–52, 103–104, 109, 111, 125, 127–128, 134, 154–155, 161, 168, 170, 172, 174–175, 181, 183–185, 198, 210, 213–214, 224–226, 237, 359, 390
challenges facing, 164–177, 244
Congress and, 54–56, 69, 99, 184–185, 191–193, 201–202, 214–218, 279, 363, 365, 389–390
Constitution and, 33–35, 37–46, 56, 81, 83, 130, 236, 251, 261
Continental Army led by, 1, 5–10, 15–16, 21–24, 28, 40, 70, 89, 216, 235–236, 260
&nb
sp; death of, 278–281, 283, 287, 292
against Democratic Societies, 202–204
education of, 1, 50
Farewell Address by, 230–239, 245, 274, 277, 280, 366, 380, 384
as Federalist, 383–384
first presidential term of, 48–57, 69–77, 85–99, 101–112, 114–119, 124–138, 140–144, 146–147, 149–150
French Revolution and, 33, 62, 140–144, 146–147, 149–150, 153–154, 158, 203
Hamilton, Alexander, and, 5, 8, 38–39, 49, 56, 82, 104, 118, 129–132, 158, 161, 179, 192, 201, 210–212, 214, 226, 231, 241, 251, 257, 280, 283, 326, 366, 390
health of, 94, 96, 162, 275
inauguration of, 50–51, 53–54
Jay Treaty and, 193, 195, 203, 205–208, 210–213, 215, 217, 219–221, 223–225, 227–228, 230, 248
Jefferson, Thomas, as secretary of state of, 51–52, 57, 75, 78–100, 103, 111–112, 123–128, 130–133, 136–162, 164–186, 240
Jefferson, Thomas, friendly with, 24–25, 27–28, 30–31, 49, 109, 128, 289
Jefferson, Thomas, in conflict with, 1–3, 21, 32, 104, 124–126, 138, 142, 178–179, 194–195, 202, 213, 224–226, 229, 232–233, 236, 243–245, 249, 258–261, 266, 268–272, 275–276, 279–280, 283, 287–288, 312, 318–319, 334, 348, 350, 353, 365–367, 383–388, 390
leadership by, 5–6, 367, 388
Madison, James, friends with, 1–2, 4–5, 12–14, 17, 39–41, 43–45, 47–52, 54–57, 70, 77, 88, 90–91, 99, 104, 110–111, 124, 127–128, 156–157, 180–181, 205–206, 217, 219, 223, 279, 378–379, 382–383
Madison, James, in conflict with, 111, 223, 230–231, 233, 278, 368, 372, 379, 390
as master politician, 216
at Mount Vernon, 2, 4, 41, 45–46, 72, 83, 127–128, 132, 169, 196, 211, 224, 259
neutrality and, 153–156, 158–162, 184
New England toured by, 57, 70–74
newspapermen attacking, 105, 161–162, 172–173, 175, 185, 213, 224, 230, 246, 259, 280, 283, 318, 324
Paine, Thomas, and, 112, 235–236, 292, 304
Philadelphia convention and, 13–16
as realist, 2, 49, 160, 361, 382
retirement of, 125, 127, 131, 230–237, 245–246, 257, 273–274
second presidential term of, 136, 153–185, 189–199, 201–208, 210–237, 239–240
South toured by, 105
spies of, 124, 129, 227
temper lost by, 115–116, 175
U.S. Army led by, 257, 270–271, 273, 275, 278
Washington, Martha, 71, 76, 90, 173, 224, 245, 268, 275
Jefferson, Thomas, and, 1, 287, 292
Madison, James, and, 48, 204–205
message from, 241–242
receptions of, 56
Wasp, 324
Wayne, Anthony
army led by, 117–118, 127, 155, 168, 189, 199–200, 206, 215, 219
at Fallen Timbers, 199–200, 206
Webster, Noah, 283
West Indies
Hamilton, Alexander, in, 82, 118, 132, 183, 283