Artillery: 265th Brigade RFA (‘A’ and ‘C’ Btys)
266th Brigade RFA (‘A’ and ‘C’ Btys)
267th Brigade RFA (‘A’ and ‘B’ Btys)
Engineers: 436th, 437th, and 439th Field Coys RE
60th (2/2nd London) Division
GOC: Major General J.S.M. Shea, CB DSO
179th Brigade: Brigadier General Fitzj. M. Edwards, CMG DSO
2/13th London Regt, 2/14th London Regt, 2/15th London Regt, 2/16th London Regt
180th Brigade: Brigadier General C.F. Watson, CMG DSO
2/17th London Regt, 2/18th London Regt, 2/19th London Regt, 2/20th London Regt
181st Brigade: Brigadier General E.C. Da Costa
2/21st London Regt, 2/22nd London Regt, 2/23rd London Regt, 2/24th London Regt
Artillery: 301st Brigade RFA (‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ Btys)
302nd Brigade RFA (‘A’ 413th and ‘C’ Btys)
303rd Brigade RFA (‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ Btys)
Engineers: 519th, 521st, and 522nd Field Coys RE
Pioneers: 1/12th Loyal N. Lancashire Regt
74th (Yeomanry) Division
GOC: Major General E.S. Girdwood
229th Brigade: Brigadier General R. Hoare
16/Devonshire Regt, 12/Somerset LI, 14/R. Highlanders., 12/R. Scots Fusiliers
230th Brigade: Brigadier General A.J. O’Neill
10/E. Kent Regt, 16/R. Sussex Regt, 15/Suffolk Regt, 12/Norfolk Regt
231st Brigade: Brigadier General C.E. Heathcote, DSO
10/Shropshire LI, 24/R. Welsh Fusiliers, 25/R. Welsh Fusiliers, 24/Welsh Regt
Artillery: XLIV Brigade RFA (340th and 382nd Btys)
117th Brigade RFA (‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ Btys)
268th Brigade RFA (‘A’ 366th, and ‘C’ Btys)
Engineers: 5th (R. Monmouth) and 5th (R. Anglesey) Field Coys RE
Corps Troops
Mounted Troops: 1/2nd County of London Yeo.
Artillery: XCVI Heavy Artillery Group (15th, 91st, and 181st Heavy Btys; 378th, 383rd, and 440th Siege Btys)
10th (Irish) Division
GOC: Major General J.R. Longley, CB
29th Brigade: Brigadier General R.S. Vandeleur, CMG
6/R. Irish Rifles, 5/Connaught Rangers, 1/Leinster Regt, 6/Leinster Regt
30th Brigade: Brigadier General F.A. Greer, DSO
1/R. Irish Regt, 6/R. Munster Fusiliers, 6/R. Dublin Fusiliers, 7/R. Dublin Fusiliers
31st Brigade: Brigadier General E.M. Morris.
5/R. Inniskilling Fusiliers, 6/R. Inniskilling Fusiliers, 2/R Irish Fusiliers, 5/R. Irish Fusiliers
Artillery: LXVII Brigade RFA (‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ Btys)
LXVIII Brigade RFA (‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ Btys)
263rd Brigade RFA (75th and ‘C’ Btys)
Engineers: 65th, 66th, and 85th Field Coys RE
Pioneers: 5/R. Irish Regt
XXI Corps
GOC: Lieutenant General E.S. Bulfin, CB CVO
Brigadier General, General Staff: Brigadier General E.T. Humphreys, DSO
Deputy Adjutant and Quartermaster General: Brigadier General St. G.B. Armstrong
GOC Royal Artillery: Brigadier General H.A.D. Simpson Baikie, CB
Chief Engineer: Brigadier General R.P.T. Hawksley
52nd (Lowland) Division
GOC: Major General J. Hill, DSO
155th Brigade: Brigadier General J.B. Pollok-McCall, CMG
1/4th R. Scots Fusiliers, 1/5th R. Scots Fusiliers, 1/4th KOSB, 1/5th KOSB
156th Brigade: Brigadier General A.H. Leggett, DSO
157th Brigade: Brigadier General C.D.H. Moore, DSO
1/5th HLI, 1/6th HLI, 1/7th HLI,1/5th Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders
Artillery: 261st Brigade RFA (‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ Btys)
262nd Brigade RFA (‘A’ and ‘B’ Btys)
264th Brigade RFA (‘A’ and ‘C’ Btys)
Engineers: 410th, 412th, and 413th Field Coys RE
54th (East Anglian) Division
GOC: Major General S.W. Hare, CB
161st Brigade: Brigadier General W. Marriott-Dodington
1/4th Essex Regt, 1/5th Essex Regt, 1/6th Essex Regt, 1/7th Essex Regt
162nd Brigade: Brigadier General A. Mudge
1/5th Bedfordshire Regt, 1/4th Northamptonshire Regt, 1/10th London Regt, 1/11th London Regt
163rd Brigade: Brigadier General T. Ward, CMG
1/4th Norfolk Regt, 1/5th Norfolk Regt, 1/5th Suffolk Regt, 1/8th Hampshire Regt
Artillery: 270th Brigade RFA (‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ Btys)
271st Brigade RFA (‘A’ and ‘B’ Btys)
272nd Brigade RFA (‘B’ and ‘C’ Btys)
Engineers: 484th and 486th Field Coys RE
75th Division
GOC: Major General P.C. Palin, CB
232nd Brigade: Brigadier General H.J. Huddleston, DSO MC
1/5th Devonshire Regt, 2/5th Hampshire Regt, 2/4th Somerset LI, 2/3rd Gurkhas
233rd Brigade: Brigadier General the Hon. E.M. Colston, DSO
1/5th Somerset LI, 1/4th Wiltshire Regt, 2/4th Hampshire Regt, 3/3rd Gurkhas
234th Brigade: Brigadier General F.G. Anley, CB CMG
1/4th Duke of Cornwall’s LI, 2/4th Dorset Regt, 123rd Outram’s Rifles, 58th Vaughan’s Rifles (Frontier Force)
Artillery: XXXVII Brigade RFA (389th, 390th, and 405th Btys)
172nd Brigade RFA (391st, 392nd, and 406th Btys)
1st S. African FA Brigade (‘A’ and ‘B’ Btys)
Engineers: 495th and 496th Field Coys RE
Corps Troops
Mounted Troops: Composite Regt (1 Sqn R. Glasgow Yeo., 1 Sqn Duke of Lancs Yeo., 1 Sqn 1/1st Herts. Yeo.)
Artillery: XCVII Heavy Artillery Group (189th and 195th Heavy Btys; 201st, 205th, 300th, and 380th Siege Btys)
C Heavy Artillery Group (10th Heavy Bty; 43rd, 134th, 379th, 422nd, and 423rd Siege Btys)
102nd Heavy Artillery Group (202nd Heavy Bty; 209th, 292nd, 420th, 421st, and 424th Siege Btys)
Machine Gun Corps: ‘E’ Company, Tank Corps 211th Machine Gun Coy
General Headquarters Troops
Royal Flying Corps Middle East
GOC: Brigadier General W.S. Brancker (Replaced Brigadier General W.G.H. Salmond on 5 November 1917)
Palestine Brigade, RFC: Lieutenant Colonel A.E. Borton, DSO
5th (Corps Artillery) Wing: Nos 14 and 113 Sqns RFC
40th (Army) Wing: No. 67 Sqn Australian F.C., No. 11 Sqn RFC
No. 21 Balloon Coy
Artillery: VIII Mountain Brigade RGA (10th and 11th Btys)
IX Mountain Brigade RGA (‘A’, ‘B’ and 12th Btys)
SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY
For reasons of space, this is only a select bibliography, based on those documents and books quoted or cited in the text, or others that are particularly illuminating or useful.
Primary Sources
Australian War Memorial
PR01376 Sgt Charles Doherty
I have also extensively consulted: AWM4 War Diaries from the First World War, which are very helpfully available on the AWM’s website.
Imperial War Museum
10403 Major General G.P. Dawnay
10414 Field Marshal Lord Chetwode
12702 Lieutenant Colonel F.H.A. Wollaston DSO
1292 C.C.M. Millis
13560 Corporal Charles Henry Livingstone DCM
13595 J.W. Gough
15153 Sergeant William Mole
2792 Thomas Brookes Minshall
4684 Lieutenant Colonel Sir Randolf Baker DSO
5743 Sergeant James Eneas Scott
6873 W.N. Hendry
7818 T.G. Edgerton
90/1/1 Sir Arthur Lynden-Bell
Museum of the Queen’s Own Worcestershire Hussars (Yeomanry)
Armstrong, Lieutenant Colonel, Some EEF
Reminiscences, 1917–1918
Bell, Major W., War Diary
Dabbs, Corporal A.G., The Land of Promises
Hampton, Major the Lord, The Chronicle of a Yeomanry Squadron in Palestine, Jordan and Syria
Holyoake, Lieutenant A.V., My War
Pritchard Collection (various correspondence with First World War veterans)
National Archives of Australia
AWM255/7 ‘Yilderim’ Translation by Captain G.O. De R. Channer of Publication No. 1 of the Turkish General Staff by Lieutenant Colonel Hussein Husni Amir Bey
The National Archives
AIR 1/2031/204/326/26 Notes on the RFC/RAF in Egypt and Palestine, November 1915–September 1918
CAB 1/44 Documents collected for the information of the special mission appointed to enquire into the situation in Egypt, 1920
CAB 44/14 Relations between Great Britain, Italy and the Senussi, 1912–1924
CAB Various minutes and reports among the Cabinet papers, as referenced
FO 141/448/6 Senussi establishments and brethren in Tripolitania, an historical account of the Senussi movement and biographical notes on the living members of the Senussi family, 1918–1928
FO 141/464/7 Arab Movement in Egypt, Pan-Islamic & -Arab propaganda, 1915–1928
FO 141/468/1 Activities of Sayyid Mustafa Idrisi, intermediary between the British Residency at Aden and the Idrisi, 1915–1929
FO 141/469/2 Egyptians executed, deported, interned or imprisoned or invited to leave Egypt on political grounds, 1915–1917
FO 141/472/5 Senussi prisoners of war (British and Italian), 1915–1919
FO 141/473/2 Intelligence on the Turkish expedition against Egypt, 1915–1918
FO 141/484/1 The Political and Constitutional situation in Egypt, 1884–1927
FO 141/629/4 Ministerial and political situation in Egypt, 1914–1922
FO 141/651/1 Italian position in Cyrenaica and negotiations of the Anglo-Italian Mission for an agreement with Idris Senoussi, 1916–1917
FO 141/734/1 Correspondence on the development of British policy on Arab independence and resistance to Turkish domination during the First World War, 1915–1918
FO 141/735/2 Policy memoranda and intelligence reports on military operations against Turkey, 1914–1919
FO 141/736/1 Intelligence reports from the Arab Bureau on the Arab revolt against Turkish rule in Hedjaz and elsewhere, 1916–1917
FO 141/825/2 The conduct of British Troops and their relations with the indigenous population, 1915–1929
FO141/469 Egypt’s involvement in the First World War
FO633/101 Report on the great invasion of locusts in Egypt in 1915
FO882/4 Garland’s Report
FO882/6 Miscellaneous Correspondence
FO882/7 Miscellaneous Correspondence
WO 158/624 Arab Forces: Historical documents: Summary, 1914–1916
WO 158/625 Arab Forces: Supply of arms and ammunition etc to the Sherif of Mecca, 1916–1917
WO106/716 EEF: Report on Operations, March–July 1917
WO32/3116 Report of the Committee of the Lessons of the Great War
WO33/946/26 Telegrams, European War: Egypt
I have also extensively consulted the War Diaries available in AIR1 and WO95, and the correspondence in WO158. These files are too many to list, and are easily found through the catalogue on TNA’s website.
Published Sources
British Official Histories and Publications
Allenby, General Sir E.H.H. (1919) A Brief Record of the Advance of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force, HMSO. London
Badcock, Lieutenant Colonel G.E. (1925) A History of the Transport Services of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force, 1916–1917–1918, High Rees Limited. London
Butler, Colonel A.G. DSO (1930) The Australian Army Medical Services in the War of 1914–1918: Vol. 1, Australian War Memorial, Melbourne
Cutlack, F.M. (1923) Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918: Vol. 8: The Australian Flying Corps, Angus and Robertson Ltd, Sydney
Falls, Captain C. (1930) Military Operations: Egypt and Palestine Vol. 2, HMSO
General Staff (1916) Handbook of the Turkish Army, HMSO, London
Gullett, H.S. (1923) Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918: Vol. 7: The AIF in Sinai and Palestine, 1914–1918, Angus and Robertson Ltd, Sydney
Jones, Captain H.A. (1935) The War in the Air Vol. 5, Oxford University Press, Oxford
MacMunn, Lieutenant General Sir G. KCB KCSI DSO, & Captain C. Falls (1928) Military Operations: Egypt and Palestine Vol. 1, HMSO, London
Murray, General Sir A. (1920) Sir Archibald Murray’s Despatches, HMSO, London
Divisional/Corps histories
Dalbiac, Colonel P.H. (1927) History of the 60th Division (2/2nd London Division), George Allen & Unwin Ltd, London
Dudley Ward, Major C.H. DSO MC (1922) The 74th (Yeomanry) Division in Syria and France, John Murray, London
Dudley Ward, Major C.H. DSO MC (1927) History of the 53rd (Welsh) Division (T.F) 1914–1918, Western Mail Limited, Cardiff
Preston, Lieutenant Colonel The Hon. R.M.P. DSO (1921) The Desert Mounted Corps: An Account of the Cavalry Operations in Palestine and Syria, 1917–1918, Constable and Company Ltd, London
Thompson, Lieutenant Colonel R.R. (1923) The Fifty-Second Lowland Division 1914–1918, Maclehose, Jackson & Co., Glasgow
Regimental/Battalion/Squadron histories
Anon. (1921) The Fifth Battalion Highland Light Infantry in the war, 1914–1918, MacLehose, Jackson & Co., Glasgow
Baly, L. (2004) Horseman, Pass By: The Australian Light Horse in World War I, Spellmount, Staplehurst
Blick, Lt G. (1933) The 1/4th Battalion The Wiltshire Regiment 1914–1919, Batler and Tanner Limited, London
Bourne, Lieutenant Colonel G.H. (1926) History of the 2nd Light Horse Regiment AIF, Northern Daily Leader, Tamworth
Brownlie, Major W.S. (1964) The Proud Trooper: The History of the Ayrshire (Earl of Carrick’s Own) Yeomanry, Wm. Collins, Sons & Co., London
Burrows, J.W. (1931) The Essex Regiment: Essex Territorial Infantry Brigade (4th, 5th, 6th and 7th Battalions), Essex Territorial Army Association, Southend-on-Sea
‘C’ (1926) The Yeomanry Cavalry of Worcestershire, 1914–1922, Mark & Moody Ltd, Stourbridge
Clifford, R. (1991) The Royal Gloucestershire Hussars, Alan Sutton Publishing Co., Stroud
Dudley Ward, Major C.H. DSO MC (1921) Regimental Records of the Royal Welch Fusiliers Vol. IV: Turkey – Bulgaria – Austria, Foster Groom & Co. Ltd
Eames, Major F.W. (1930) The Second Nineteenth: Being the History of the 2/19th London Regiment, Waterlow and Sons Ltd, London
Elliot, Captain W.R. MC (1920) The Second Twentieth: Being the History of the 2/20th Bn. London Regiment, Gale & Polden Ltd, Aldershot
Ewing, Major J. MC (1925) The Royal Scots 1914–1919, Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh
Fuller, Colonel J.F. DSO (1920) Tanks in the Great War, John Murray, London
Gibbons, Lieutenant Colonel T. DSO (1921) With the 1/5th Essex in the East, Benham and Company Limited, Colchester
Gillon, Captain S. (1930) The KOSB in the Great War, Thomas Nelson and Sons, Ltd, London
Hamilton, A.S. MM (1936) The City of London Yeomanry (Roughriders), The Hamilton Press Ltd, London
Hounslow, E.J. (2013) Fighting for the Bucks: The History of the Royal Bucks Hussars, 1914–1918, The History Press, Stroud
Knight, J. (2005) The Civil Service Rifles in the Great War: ‘All Bloody Gentlemen’, Pen and Sword Military, Barnsley
Lloyd, M. (2001) The London Scottish in the Great War, Leo Cooper, Barnsley
Mollo, B. (1969) The Sharpshooters: 3rd County of London Yeomanry, 1900–1961, Kent and County of London Yeomanry, 1961–1970, Historical Research Unit, London
Nicol, Sergeant C.G. (1921) The Story of Two Campaigns: Official War History of the Auckland Mounted Rifles Regiment, 1914–1919, Wilson & Horton, Auckland
Oran
ge, Dr V. & Stapleton, AVM D.C. (1996) Winged Promises: a History of No. 14 Squadron RAF, 1915–45, RAF Benevolent Find Enterprises, Fairford
Powles, Colonel C.G. CMG DSO (ed.) (1928) The History of the Canterbury Mounted Rifles, 1914–1919, Whitcombe & Tombs Ltd, Auckland
Scott Elliot, Captain G.F. (1928) War History of the 5th Battalion King’s Own Scottish Borderers, Robert Dinwiddle, Dumfries
Wilkie, Major A.J. (1924) The Official War History of the Wellington Mounted Rifles Regiment 1914–1919, Whitcombe and Tombs Limited, Auckland
Wilson, Brigadier General L.C. (1919) Narrative of Operations of the Third Light Horse Brigade from 27 October 1917 to 11 July 1919, L.C Wilson, Egypt
Wyrall, E. (1926) The Die-Hards in the Great War: A History of the Duke of Cambridge’s Own (Middlesex Regiment) 1914–1917, Harrison & Sons, London
Wyrall, E. (1933) The History of the Somerset Light Infantry (Prince Albert’s) 1914–1919, Methuen & Co. Ltd, London
Campaign histories
Anglesey, Marques (1994) A History of the British Cavalry 1816–1919, Vol. 5: Egypt, Palestine and Syria 1914 to 1919, Leo Cooper, London
Bruce, A. (2002) The Last Crusade: The Palestine Campaign in the First World War, John Murray Ltd, London
Daley, P. (2009) Beersheba: A Journey Through Australia’s Forgotten War, Melbourne University Press
Erickson, Lieutenant Colonel E.J. (Retired) (2008) Gallipoli & the Middle East, 1914–1918, Amber Books Ltd, London
Ford, R. (2010) Eden to Armageddon: World War I in the Middle East, Phoenix, London
Grainger, J.D. (2006) The Battle for Palestine 1917, The Boydell Press, Woodbridge
Kearsey, Lieutenant Colonel A. (1931) A Summary of the Strategy and Tactics of the Egypt and Palestine Campaigns, with Details of the 1917–1918 Operations Illustrating the Principles of War, Gale & Polden, London
Sheffy, Y. (1998) British Military Intelligence in the Palestine Campaign, 1914–1918, Frank Cass, London
Wakefield, A. & Moody, S. (2004) Under the Devil’s Eye: Britain’s Forgotten Army at Salonika, 1915–1918, Sutton Publishing, Stroud
Wavell, Colonel A.P. (1928) The Palestine Campaign, Constable and Co. Ltd, London
Woodward, D.R. (2007) Forgotten Soldiers of the First World War, Tempus Publishing Ltd, Stroud
British Empire memoirs/biographies
Bluett, A. (2007) A Gunner’s Crusade, Leonaur Ltd, Driffield