dislikes Dionysus, 205
objects to Asclepius reviving dead, 212
Ixion attempts to seduce, 215
and disappearance of Death, 226
transforms Callisto into bear, 246
disapproves of Adonis, 263
and Tiresias’s judgment on enjoyment of sex, 265
meets and punishes Echo, 267–70
Porphyrion attempts to rape, 316
Heracles, 233, 316
Hermaphroditus, 142–43, 144
Hermes (Mercury)
birth and qualities, 99–100, 106, 108–10
steals Apollo’s white cattle, 100–104
makes lyre, 103–4
made messenger of the gods, 106, 107
tutors first human female (Pandora), 125
introduces Pandora to Epimetheus, 125–26
escorts dead to Hades and Elysium, 133, 225
falls for Persephone, 138
escorts Persephone from Underworld, 140–42
liaison with Aphrodite, 142
as father of Pan, Dryope, and Hermaphroditus, 142
fathers Silenus, 142
brings Psyche from Hades, 164
distracts and stabs Argus, 169–70
as lover of Amphion, 192, 232
helps at birth of Dionysus, 201
as father of Autolycus, 221
and organization of Underworld, 226
and Sisyphus’s avoiding death, 229
takes gift from Zeus to King Tros, 249
loves Crocus, 261
visits Philemon and Baucis, 299
slays Hippolytus, 316
Hero, 285–87
Herse (personification of dew), 250. See also Ersa
Herse (mortal), 171
Hesiod, 54, 318, 319, 321
Hesione, 129, 131
Hesperides, 32
Hesse, Hermann, 98
Hestia (Vesta)
birth, 38
Kronos swallows, 38
spewed out by Kronos, 49
as goddess of the hearth, 66–67, 107
conducts wedding of Hera and Zeus, 80
chastity, 96
marks start of Reign of Twelve, 108
yields place to Dionysus, 205
shrines, 295
Himeros, 144
Hippocratic staff, 211
Hippolyte, 262
Hippolytus, 316
Holst, Gustav, 45
Homer, 57, 91, 134, 212, 319, 321
honey, 81–82, 83
hoopoe, 247–48
Hope. See Elpis
Horai (hours), 61, 226
hospitality. See xenia
hubris, 31, 232
humankind. See man
Hunt, Leigh, 285
Hyacinthus, 203, 261
Hyde, L. S., 322
Hydra, 69
Hygieia, 212
Hyginus, 321
Hymenaios, 144
Hypaepae, 239
Hyperboreans, 92
Hyperenor, 192
Hyperion, 22, 25, 65, 79
Hypnos, 31, 32
Hysminai (Battles), 129
I
Iapetus
birth, 22
as lover of Clymene, 25, 172
declines to kill Ouranos, 26
freed, 79
offspring, 27, 64, 112, 172, 312
Iasion, 184
Iaso, 212
Ictys, 247
Ida, Mount (Phrygia), 43, 142
Idmon, 239–40
Illyria, 194, 196
Illyrius, 194, 196
Ilos (king of Troy), 248, 256
Inachus (king of Argos), 168, 184
Ino, 194, 196, 198, 199, 204
Invidia. See Nemesis
Io, 168–71, 172, 183, 197
Ionia, 239
Iphimedia, 216
Ischys, 210
Ismenian Dragon (Drakon Ismenios), 189, 191, 193
Isthmian Games, 98
Ixion (king of the Lapiths), 134, 214–17
J
Jackson, Percy, 70
Jason and the Argonauts, 216
Jove. See Zeus
Jupiter. See Zeus
Justitia. See Diké
K
Kalamos, 203
Karpos, 203
Keats, John, 255
Kerberos (Cerberus), 69, 323
Kerényi, Károly, 238
Keres, 62–63, 128, 226
Keroessa, 171
kithara (musical instrument), 288, 290–91, 293–94
Kronos (Saturn)
birth, 22
qualities, 27–28
Gaia persuades to kill Ouranos, 30
castrates Ouranos, 33–34
cursed by Ouranos, 35–36
liaison and children with Rhea, 38–39
consumes children, 38, 39, 40
dominance, 39, 43, 48, 67
Rhea plots against, 39, 41, 48–49, 97
bad temper, 48
spews out swallowed children, 49
war with gods, 54–55
sentenced to travel world endlessly (as “Old Father Time”), 65
as great-grandfather to Cadmus, 185
L
Lachesis, 61–62
Ladon, 279
Laertes, 222
Lailaps (dog), 253–54
Lamb, Charles, 322
Lampros, 278–79
Laomedon, 256
Latona. See Leto
laurel tree, 279–80
Leander, 285–87
Leda, 243
legend vs. myth vs. religion, 318–19
Leimakides, 63
Leitao, David D., 279
Lemnos (island), 77
Lerna (lake), 69
Lethe (river), 68, 134
Leto (Latona), 84, 91–93, 97, 232, 233, 278
Letoides, 99
Leucippe, 243
Leucippos (child of Galatea), 278–79
Leucippos (son of Oenomaus), 279
Libya, 181, 182, 185
Limos (Starvation), 129, 208
linden tree, 295, 299
Liriope, 266–67
Livia (wife of emperor Augustus), 92
Longus, 280, 321
Lot and wife (Biblical figures), 299
love, 145–46
Lovelock, James, 35
Lucifer, 68
Luna. See Selene Lycaon (king of Arcadia), 130, 218, 246
Lydia, 217, 239
Lydian mode, 232
lyre, 103–4, 107, 232
M
Machaon, 212
Maeander (river), 234
Maenads, 204
Magnesia, 24, 41
Maia, 99–104
Makhai (Wars), 129
man
created by Zeus and Prometheus, 113–19
and possession of fire, 118, 120
Golden Age of innocence, 119–20
female fashioned by Hephaestus, 124
multiplies, 129, 130
new race created after Great Flood, 131
given attributes by Prometheus, 313
map, 12–13
Margaret (heron), 81
Marlowe, Christopher, 285
Mars. See Ares
Marsyas
conceitedness, 234
plays aulos, 234–35
musical competition with Apollo, 235–37
flayed by Apollo, 237–38, 307
measurement (Greek), 317
Medusa, 63
Megaera (jealous rage), 35
Megala Kazania, 108, 121
Melantho, 243
Melia (queen consort of Inachus), 168
Meliae (nymphs), 35, 41, 43, 47, 64, 108
Melissa, 81–83, 245
Melops, 220
Melpomene (Muse of tragedy), 59, 60
Memnon, 258
Memphis, 181
Menoetius, 64, 172, 312
Merops, 172, 174
Mesopotamia, 10, 115
Mestra, 209
Methe (queen of Assyria), 203
Metis, 25, 46–47, 49, 54, 84–86, 88, 90–91, 117, 124, 129, 323
Midas (king of Phrygia)
parentage and youth, 301, 302
wish to make gold turns to curse, 303–5
curse lifted, 305
follows Pan, 306
supports Pan in musical competition with Apollo, 306–7
grows ass’s ears, 307–9
Mimas, 316
Minerva. See Athena
Minos (king of Crete), 133, 183, 245–46
Minyades, 243
Miseria. See Oizys Mnemosyne, 22, 25, 57
Moirai (fates), 61–62, 266
Molios, 316
Momos (Momus), 31, 128
mores, 26
Moros (Doom), 30–31, 45, 54, 74, 138, 314
Morpheus, 31–32, 186, 187
Muses, 25, 57–60
music, 288
See also aulos, kithara, lyre
Mycene, 168, 169
Myrrhe. See Smyrna
myrrh tree, 262–263
myths
aetiological, 245
nature of, 318–19
sources of, 321–23
Mytikos (mountain peak), 120
N
Naiads, 63, 70, 142
narcissism, 274
Narcissus, 266, 270–74, 323
Nature, spirits of, 63–64
nectar, 83
Neikea (Quarrels), 129
Nemean Games, 98
Nemesis (Invidia), 31
Nephele, 182, 215, 216
Neptune. See Poseidon
Nereids, 25, 63, 70
Nereus, 25, 70, 77, 278
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 314–15
nightingales, 248
Nilus, 25, 115, 181, 182
Ninus (king of Assyria), 275
Niobe, 217, 232–33
Niobids, 232
Nisus (king of Megara), 245–46
Noah (Biblical figure), 130
Nonnus of Panopolis, 202, 203
Notus, 285
Nycteus, 232
Nyctimus, 130
nymphs, 63–64
Nysus, 201
Nyx, 20, 30–31, 33, 61, 62, 68, 69, 113, 128–29, 144
O
oak tree, 295, 299
O’Casey, Sean, 170
Oceanids (sea nymphs), 25, 61, 70
Oceanus, 22, 24–25, 46, 61, 68, 70, 172, 199, 232
Odysseus (Ulysses), 222
Oenone (island), 223
Offenbach, Jacques, 280
Oizys (Miseria), 31
olive tree, 88–89, 300
Olympic Games, 98
Olympus, Mount, 73, 108
Omphalos, 42, 97
Oncaea, 288
Oneroi (bringers of dreams), 31
Oppel, Albert, 260
Oreads, 63
Orestes, 218
Orpheus, 57, 59, 288
Ossa, Mount, 216, 217
Othrys, Mount, 24, 30, 33, 38, 39, 41, 43, 47, 48, 50, 54, 73
Otus, 216
Ouranos (sky)
origins, 20
union and progeny with Gaia, 22–23
Gaia plans to kill, 24–30
castrated by Kronos, 33–34
blood generates vengeful beings, 35, 315
curses Kronos, 35–36
imprisoned in earth, 36
organs of generation scattered, 36
supports Rhea against Kronos, 39, 41
celebrates forming of dodecatheon, 109
and Cadmus’s genealogy, 185
Ovid
on Actaeon’s hounds, 207
Ars Amatoria, 321
calls Dionysus “Liber,” 204
on decline of Limos, 208
on deluge, 130
Heroides, 322
on Ismenian dragon, 189
Metamorphoses, 262, 264, 321
on Phaeton’s parentage, 172
on Pyramus and Thisbe, 275
on Venus and Adonis, 264
on Zeus’s rescue of baby Dionysus, 201
owl, 88
P
Pactolus (river), 239, 305
palladium, 90, 234
Pallas (Triton’s daughter), 90
Pan (Faunus)
birth, 142
and Psyche, 161, 165
offspring, 143, 278
Midas follows, 306, 307
challenges Apollo to musical competition, 306–7
Panacea, 212
Pandia, 250
Pandion (king of Athens), 247
Pandion of Phaestos, 278
Pandora, 125–29, 131, 132, 138, 208, 314–15, 321
Pandrosia (festival), 171
Pandrosos, 171
Panhellenic Games, 98
Panopeus, 115
Paphos, 284
Paraclete (Holy Spirit), 60
Parnassus, Mount, 57, 97, 130
parthenogenesis, 20
parthenos, 90
Paul, St., 145
Pausanias, 115, 321
Pax. See Eirene
peacock, 72, 170
Pegaeae, 63
Pelagon (king of Phocis), 186–87
Pelasgos (Pelasgians), 130, 131, 246
Pelion, Mount, 215–17
Pelops, 217–18, 232
Pelor, 192
Pentheus, 194, 196, 204
Periander (tyrant of Corinth), 288–89, 291–94
Persephone (Proserpina)
birth, 70
beauty, 138
abducted by Hades, 138–42, 217
six-monthly return to Earth, 141–42, 182, 295
and return of Thanatos, 227
answers Sisyphus’s request, 228–29
supposedly taken by Zeus, 243
Phaestos, 279
Phaeton
drives chariot of the sun, 172–80
death, 180–81
placed among stars, 181
Phantasos, 31
Philemon, 295–99
philia (form of love), 145
Philomela, 247–48
Phlegethon, 68
Phlegyantis, 210
Phobetor, 31
Phocian Games, 186–88
Phocis, 115, 135, 186
Phoebe, 22, 26, 84, 91, 93, 243
Phoenicians, 183–84
Phoenix, 182, 183, 185
Phoitios, 316
Phorcys, 63
Phrixus, 216
Phrygia, 142, 234, 295, 300–303, 306, 307
Phylira, 215
Pieria, Thessaly, 57, 101
Plato, 312
Pleiades (Atlantides), 99, 184
Pleione, 99, 184
Pluto. See Hades
Podalirius, 212
polis (Greek city state), 182, 192
Polybotes, 316
Polydorus, 194, 196
Polyhymnia (Muse of hymns), 59
Polyphemus, 278
Ponos (Hardship), 129
Pontus (sea), 20, 26, 39, 63, 67
Pope, Alexander, 57
Porphyrion, 316
Poseidon (Neptune)
Kronos swallows, 39
given control of sea, 67–68
character, 69
invents horse, 70
offspring, 70, 278, 288
fails to free Hera, 78
and patronage of city Cecropia, 88
Leto appeals to for help, 92
as Cadmus’s grandfather, 185
as lover of Mestra, 209
Iphimedia’s infatuation with, 216
as lover of Pelops, 218
depicted in Arachne’s weaving, 243
Potameides, 63
Pothos, 144
Praxithea, 250
Priapus, 205
Primordial Deities, 20
Procne, 247–48
Procris, 250–54
Prometheus
sides with Titans, 54
rewarded by Zeus, 65
and Zeus�
��s headache, 86
qualities, 112, 312
fashions human beings for Zeus, 113–19, 135
steals fire for mankind, 120–23, 312
birth of son Deucalion, 129
builds wooden chest with Deucalion, 130
punished by Zeus, 27, 124, 135–37
encourages civilization among mankind, 135, 313
comforts Io, 170
as son of Clymene, 172
grants attributes to mankind, 313
in Hesiod, 321
pronunciation, 323
prophecy, 265–66
Propoetides, 280
Proserpina. See Persephone
Proteus, 70
Pseudea (Lies), 129
Pseudo-Apollodorus, 321
Psyche
beauty, 146
Eros falls for, 147
offered for sacrifice, 147–48
carried to Eros’s palace, 148–51
Eros makes love to invisibly, 151–52
returns home, 153–54
sisters accompany to Eros’s palace and plot against, 155–60
spies on Eros, 159–60
takes revenge on sisters, 161–62
Aphrodite sets impossible tasks, 162–64
marriage and child with Eros, 164–65
Pygmalion, 280–85
Pyramus, 254, 275–77
Pyrrha, 129–31, 135, 219
Pythia (priestess), 98, 185, 219
Pythian Games, 98, 280
Pytho. See Delphi Python, 96–98, 213
R
religion vs. myth vs. legend, 318–19
Rhadamanthus, 133, 183
Rhea
birth, 22
declines to kill Ouranos, 27
relations and children with Kronos, 29, 38–39
plots and acts against Kronos, 39, 41, 48–49, 97
gives birth to Zeus, 43
instructs son Zeus, 45–46
Rhesus (king of Thrace), 59
Rhodope (queen of Thrace), 242
Robin Hood, 318
Russell, Bertrand, 313
S
Sabazios, 300
Sahara desert, 179
Salmacis, 142–43
Salmoneus, 219–21
Samothrace, 184
Sarpedon, 183
Sartre, Jean-Paul, 194
Sato, 156, 161
Saturn. See Kronos
Schlegel, Friedrich von, 317
Scylla (princess of Megara), 245–46
Scylla (sea monster), 245
seasons, coming of, 142, 182
Selene (Luna; moon)
birth, 25
and Helios, 177, 178
punishes Ampelos, 203
drives moon chariot, 250
falls for Cephalus, 250, 255
desire for Endymion, 255
Semele, 194, 195–201, 204, 222, 253
Semiramis (queen of Assyria), 276
Senectus. See Geras Seven Sages of Greece, 288
Shaftesbury, 7th Earl of (Anthony Ashley Cooper), 144
Shakespeare, William
As You Like It, 287
Henry V, 57
influenced by Ovid, 322
King Lear, 217