Abrams, Frank
Acton, Brian
Adelson, Sheldon and Miriam
Affordable Care Act of 2010, 5.1, 18.1
Agrarian Justice (Paine)
agribusiness
AIG
Amazon, 4.1, 5.1, 22.1
lobbying budget
one-click checkout patent
political clout
American Airlines, 7.1, 7.2, 11.1, 13.1
American Express Co. v. Italian Colors Restaurant
American Legion, 18.1, 18.2
American Railway Union
Angelakis, Michael
antitrust law, 5.1, 20.1, 23.1
Apotheker, Leo
Apple, 1.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1
integrated software, 5.1, nts.1
lobbying budget
shareholder investors
stock options and buybacks
strategic litigation
Arnold, Thurman
AT&T
AT&T Bell System
AT&T Mobility v. Concepcion
attorneys general, 8.1, 9.1
Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce
average citizens. See workers and middle classes
average hourly pay rates
Bachmann, Michele
Baker, Meredith Attwell
Bank of America, 8.1, 8.2, 12.1
bankruptcy, 1.1, 2.1, 7.1, 16.1
CEO compensation
Detroit, 7.1, nts.1
Dodd-Frank regulations
government bailout of Wall Street, 1.1, 7.1, 8.1, 12.1
labor agreements, 7.1, 13.1
lobbying activity, 7.1, 7.2
potential reforms
student loans, 7.1, 10.1, 20.1
Barnes, Peter
Bartels, Larry
basic minimum income
benefit corporations
Berle, Adolf A.
Bewkes, Jeff
Bezos, Jeff
big banks. See Wall Street banks
big-box retailers, 13.1, 13.2, 14.1, 18.1, 20.1
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002
Bismarck, Otto von
B Lab
Blackstone Group
Boehner, John
Boesky, Ivan
booksellers
BP’s Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Brady, Dean
Brandeis, Louis
Brat, David
broadband, 5.1, 19.1, nts.1
Bryan, William Jennings
Buffett, Warren
building blocks of capitalism, 2.1, 9.1, 13.1
bankruptcy, 1.1, 2.1, 7.1, 16.1
contracts, 1.1, 2.1, 6.1, 16.1
enforcement mechanisms, 2.1, 8.1, 13.1, 13.2, 16.1
monopoly power, 1.1, 2.1, 5.1, 13.1
property rights, 2.1, 4.1, 16.1
upward pre-distributions of, 13.1, 20.1, 22.1
Burke, Steve
Bush, George W., 5.1, 15.1
Bush, Jeb
buybacks, 11.1, 16.1, 20.1
California corporate tax policies
Camp, David, 19.1, 19.2
campaign contributions, 2.1, 6.1, 9.1, 16.1
bundling practices
by cable companies
by corporate CEOs, 11.1, 11.2
by dueling billionaires
elections of 2012
by General Electric
independent campaign expenditures
judicial elections, 8.1, 9.1
by labor unions
by pharmaceutical companies
super PACs and dark money, 18.1, fig. 9, 18.2
by superwealthy elites, 5.1, 8.1, 12.1, 12.2, 17.1, 18.1, 18.2
Supreme Court decisions, 3.1, 8.1, 18.1, 18.2
See also lobbying activity
campaign finance reforms, 19.1, 22.1
Cantor, Eric, 5.1, 19.1
capital gains taxes, 11.1, 12.1, 15.1, 23.1
Capital in the Twenty-First Century (Piketty), 9.1, 15.1, 17.1
capitalism
building blocks, 2.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1, 9.1
control of rules, itr.1, 1.1, 2.1, 9.1, 15.1, 16.1
current threats to
economic growth, itr.1, 9.1
historic threats to
reformed rules, itr.1, 2.1, 23.1
role of governments, 1.1, 2.1, 8.1, 9.1, 13.1, 16.1
social contract, itr.1, 8.1, 17.1
upward redistribution of wealth, 13.1, 20.1, 22.1
See also free markets
Carnegie, Andrew, 5.1, 15.1
Carnegie Foundation
Carter v. Carter Coal Company, 3.1
Catalan separatism
CEO compensation, itr.1, 3.1, 7.1, 10.1
board and shareholder input, 11.1, 11.2, 20.1
corporate tax deductions
Dodd-Frank requirements
entrepreneurial high-tech leaders
political activism
potential reforms
redistribution of wealth, itr.1, 10.1, 13.1, 13.2, 14.1, 16.1
returning bonus practices
stock options and buybacks, 11.1, 11.2, 16.1, 18.1, 20.1
stock performance awards
See also corporations
13 of the bankruptcy code
Chiasson, Anthony, 6.1, 12.1
Chien, Colleen
China, 17.1, 19.1
Christie, Chris
Citigroup, 8.1, 8.2, 12.1
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, 3.1, 8.1, 18.1, 18.2, 19.1
class-action lawsuits
Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914
Cleveland, Grover
Clinton, Bill
executive pay policies, 11.1, 18.1
health care plan
pro-business priorities, 13.1, 18.1, 19.1, 19.2
sustained wage growth
welfare reforms
Clinton, Hillary
Coca-Cola
Coelho, Tony
coercion
Cohen, David
Cohen, Steven A., 10.1, 12.1
collective bargaining rights, 3.1, 10.1, 13.1, 16.1, 17.1, 18.1
college education, 10.1, 13.1, 15.1, 22.1
Comcast, 1.1, 5.1, 8.1, 11.1
Comcast v. Behrend
Commodity Futures Modernization Act of 2000
Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), 8.1, 18.1
Common Sense (Paine)
compensation
average hourly pay rates
CEO rates, 3.1, 7.1, 10.1, 10.2, 13.1, 21.1
Clinton-era growth
entry-level college graduates, 13.1, 22.1
hedge-fund managers, 10.1, 12.1
inequality of wealth and income, 9.1, 17.1
median household earnings, 13.1, 17.1
middle-class declines, itr.1, 10.1, 10.2, 13.1, 17.1
minimum wage, 10.1, 12.1, 14.1, 18.1, 20.1
personal wage and salary income, fig 9.3
post-WWII middle-class gains
potential reforms
service sector jobs, 13.1, 14.1, 22.1
union contracts
union membership declines, 13.1, 13.2
Wall Street banks bonuses
working poor, 14.1, 20.1
confidence in economic institutions, itr.1, 8.1, 17.1, 18.1, 19.1, 23.1, nts.1
consumer prices
monopoly power
property rights
Continental Airlines
contracts, 1.1, 2.1, 6.1, 16.1
banned products
coercion
harm to society
new technologies
potential reforms
power dynamics
Cook, Timothy D., 11.1, 21.1
Cooper, Michael J.
copyrights, 4.1, 4.2, 16.1, 20.1
Copyright Term Extension Act of 1998
corporate political action committees
corporate profits after
tax, fig 9.2
corporate raiders
corporations
board member compensation, 11.1, 20.1
campaign contributions, 8.1, 17.1, 18.1, 18.2
copyright ownership
decreased public confidence, itr.1, 8.1, 17.1, 18.1, 19.1, 23.1, nts.1
employee partnership programs
employee pension plans, 2.1, 6.1, 7.1, 13.1, 13.2
executive compensation, 3.1, 7.1, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 20.1
government subsidies
hostile takeovers, 13.1, 18.1
layoffs and payroll cuts
litigation of government regulation, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 12.1
market power
obligations toward shareholders, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7.1, 11.1, 13.1, 21.1
potential governance reforms
potential tax reforms
profits of 2000–2014
public accountability
tax loopholes, 8.1, 8.2, 10.1, 11.1
See also lobbying activity; superwealthy elites; Wall Street banks
corruption, itr.1, 2.1, 9.1
insider trading, 6.1, 11.1, 12.1, 20.1
investigations and fines
countervailing power, itr.1, 2.1, 3.1, 13.1, 22.1
declines in, 3.1, 13.1, 16.1, 16.2, 17.1, 18.1
decreased confidence in economic institutions, itr.1, 8.1, 17.1, 18.1, 19.1, 23.1, nts.1
new alliances
origins of
political challenges
populist movements
potential market rule reforms
restoration of
third political party
credit card companies, 7.1, 19.1
Credit Suisse
Cruz, Ted, 19.1, 19.2, 19.3
Dahl, Robert A.
Deepwater Horizon oil spill, 8.1, 8.2
defined-benefit plans
Democratic Party
campaign contributions, 5.1, 18.1
corporate and wealthy contributors, 18.1, 19.1
election of 1932
FDR’s New Deal, itr.1, 13.1, 17.1, 18.1, 18.2
financial policies
redistribution of wealth
Demoulas, Arthur T.
Denton, Harold
deregulation of financial markets, 1.1, 13.1
growth of big banks, 18.1, 18.2
recession of 2008, 1.1, 5.1
Detroit’s bankruptcy, 7.1, nts.1
digital technology workforce
Dingell, John
Disney, Walt
Dodd-Frank Act, 5.1, 8.1, 19.1
capital requirements of banks
CEO pay ratios
commodities speculation reforms
shareholders’ rights reforms, 8.1, 11.1
Volker Rule trading restrictions
Drexel Burnham Lambert
Dube, Arindrajit
Dunlap, Al
Durbin, Dick
dynasty trusts
Earned Income Tax Credit
earnings. See compensation
economic growth, itr.1, 9.1
“Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren” (Keynes)
economic reform. See reform of the economy
economics (as discipline), itr.1, 5.1
education
achievement gap, 14.1, 15.1, 20.1
wage share
Einstein, Albert
electoral politics
campaign finance reforms, 19.1, 22.1
elections of 2012
elections of 2014, 18.1, 19.1
fund-raising
gerrymandering
judges and attorneys general, 8.1, 9.1
regulation
vote buying
voter participation
See also campaign contributions; lobbying activity
Eliot, T. S.
elite colleges, 10.1, 15.1
elites. See superwealthy elites
Ellison, Larry
employee noncompete clauses
employee pension plans, 2.1, 6.1, 7.1, 13.1, 13.2
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974
employees. See workers and middle classes
enforcement mechanisms, 2.1, 8.1, 13.1, 16.1, 21.1
attorneys general elections
corporate litigation of, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 12.1
fines, 8.1, 12.1
funding challenges, 8.1, 8.2, 13.1, 13.2
judicial elections
liability protections
loopholes
maximum penalties
potential reforms
vested interests
See also government’s role in markets
estate taxes, 15.1, 23.1
Facebook, 1.1, 5.1, 22.1, 23.1
CEO compensation
lobbying budget
Fair Sentencing Act of 2010
Falkenstein, Eric
family trusts
fast-food workers, 13.1, 14.1, 20.1
Fazio, Vic
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
Federal Reserve Board, 8.1, 12.1, 13.1
fiber-optic networks
Fink, Richard
501c(4) organizations, fig. 9
527 organizations, fig. 9
Food and Drug Administration
Food Safety Modernization Act of 2011
Foxx, Anthony
franchises, 19.1, 20.1
freedom of speech
freelance work
free markets, 9.1, 16.1
bankruptcy, 1.1, 2.1, 7.1, 16.1
common misunderstandings of, 1.1, 13.1
contracts, 1.1, 2.1, 6.1, 16.1
control of rules of, itr.1, 1.1, 2.1, 9.1, 15.1, 16.1
deregulation and reregulation, 1.1, 5.1, 13.1, 18.1, 18.2
enforcement mechanisms, 2.1, 8.1, 13.1, 13.2, 16.1
government’s role in, 1.1, 2.1, 9.1, 13.1
monopoly power, 1.1, 2.1, 5.1, 13.1
property rights, 2.1, 4.1, 13.1, 16.1
protectionism, 3.1, 4.1, 13.1
rule reforms, itr.1, 2.1, 13.1, 23.1
shareholder returns, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7.1
upward pre-distributions of, 13.1, 20.1, 22.1
Freston, Thomas E.
Galbraith, John Kenneth
Galston, William
Gates (Bill and Melinda) Foundation
Geithner, Timothy, 5.1, 7.1, 18.1
General Electric (GE), 8.1, 8.2, 13.1, 13.2
General Motors
General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money (Keynes)
“Generation Limbo,”
genetic property, 5.1, 5.2, 20.1
George, Henry, 4.1, nts.1
Germany
average hourly pay
corporate governance
labor unions
median household income
socialist movement of the 1870s
gerrymandered districts
Gershwin, George and Ira
GI Bill of 1944
Gilens, Martin, 18.1, 18.2
Glass-Steagall Act of 1933, 18.1, 19.1, 20.1
Glazier, Rick
Goizueta, Roberto
Goldman Sachs, 5.1, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 12.1
Google, 1.1, 4.1, 6.1
high-speed fiber project
lobbying budget
search engine
self-driving car
strategic litigation
The Governmental Process (Truman)
government’s role in markets, itr.1, 2.1, 9.1, 16.1
common misunderstandings of, 1.1, 13.1
corporate welfare subsidies
enforcement of rules, 2.1, 8.1, 13.1, 13.2
protectionism, 3.1, 4.1, 13.1
redistributions of wealth, itr.1, 10.1, 13.1, 15.1, 16.1, 20.1
regulation of property rights, 4.1, 13.1
revolving doors with lobbyists, 5.1, 5.2, 9.1, 16.1, 18.1, 19.1
revo
lving doors with Wall Street, 5.1, 18.1, 18.2, 19.1
Wall Street bailout, 1.1, 7.1, 8.1, 12.1
Grassley, Charles
Great Crash of 1929, 5.1, 5.2, 11.1, 17.1
Great Recession of 2008–09, 5.1, 17.1
CEO pay rates
debt bubble
deregulation, 1.1, 5.1
federal stimulus program
median household earnings, 13.1, 17.1
New York Federal Reserve Board
pensions and retirement funds
recovery
Wall Street bailout, 1.1, 7.1, 8.1, 12.1, 18.1, 18.2
Wall Street bank crimes
The Great Transformation (Polanyi)
Gulen, Huseyin
Halliburton Company, 8.1, 8.2
Hardin, Garrett
Harriman, E. H.
Harrison, Benjamin
Harvard University, 10.1, 15.1
Hayek, F. A.
health care sector, 5.1, 18.1, 18.2, 19.1, 22.1
See also pharmaceutical companies
hedge-fund managers, 10.1, 12.1
Hewlett-Packard, 11.1, 11.2, 13.1
high-frequency trading, 6.1, 6.2, 10.1, 20.1
high-tech monopolies
Hirai, Kazuo
Hobbes, Thomas
Hochschild, Adam
Hoenig, Thomas
Holder, Eric
home foreclosures, 7.1, 8.1, 20.1
Horton, Tom
hostile takeovers, 13.1, 18.1
IBM, 4.1, 11.1, 13.1
Icahn, Carl
income (definition)
income taxes
independent campaign expenditures
independent contract work
industrial revolution
inequality of wealth and income, 9.1, 17.1, 22.1
See also redistribution of wealth; superwealthy elites; workers and middle classes
inherited wealth, 9.1, 10.1, 14.1, 15.1, 23.1
in-person services. See service sector jobs
insider trading, 6.1, 11.1, 12.1, 20.1
Instagram
insurance company price fixing
intellectual property, 1.1, 4.1, 13.1, 16.1, 19.1, nts.1
potential reforms, 4.1, 23.1, 23.2
protection time frame, 4.1, 4.2, 20.1
interest-group pluralism
Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
Internet service providers, 3.1, 5.1, nts.1
Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994
iPhone
Ivester, Douglas
Ivy League colleges, 10.1, 15.1
Jackson, Andrew
Jacksonian era, itr.1, 17.1
Jacobs, H. Barry
James, Hamilton E.
Jeffries, Michael
job insecurity, 13.1, 17.1
Jobs, Steve
JP Morgan Chase, 8.1, 12.1
judicial elections, 8.1, 9.1
Kagan, Elena
Kennedy, Anthony
Keynes, John Maynard, itr.1, 22.1, 23.1
knowledge-replacing technologies