Bulgarian Legion 75, 76, 77
Bulgarian Literary Society 64
Bulgarian literature 15, 16, 37–38, 40, 45–46, 62, 63, 77
Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee (BRCC) 77, 78
Bulgarian Secret Central Committee (BSCC) 76
Bulgarian Secret Central Revolutionary Committee (BSCRC) 97
Bulgarians and Greeks 14–15, 16, 22, 25, 36, 38, 46, 60, 61, 65–66, 129, 167
Bulgartabak 251
Burgas 53, 115, 118, 176, 230, 262
BWP, see BCP
Byzantium, Bulgarian relations with 9–11, 14–15, 16, 17, 19–20, 21, 24
Byzantium, see Constantinople
calendar, Gregorian xvi
Julian xvi
Capitulations 84, 102
Catholic church 24, 42, 72, 107, 108, 110, 189, 190, 195, 201
Ceausescu, Nicolae 203
Chernobyl 209
Chervenkov, Vûlko 190–192, 193
Chintulov, Dobri 64
Chiprovets 42
chitalishta 62
Christianity 4
in Bulgaria 260
conversion of Bulgarians to 11–15, 16
Christians in Ottoman empire 29–33, 33–38
Clementine, Princess 107
Clinton, William 240
CLS (Compulsory Labour Service) 150, 166
Coalition for Bulgaria 246, 247
collectivisation of land 182, 188, 189, 191, 192
Comecon 196, 226
Cominform 186, 189
Comintern 161
communists 145–147, 150, 151, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 161–162, 166, 171, 174, 175, 179, 180, 225, 227, 265, 267
see also narrow socialists
conglomerates 256
see also corruption
conscription 22, 30, 112, 114, 131, 267
conservatives 87–88, 90, 92, 93, 94, 96, 108
Constantinople 5, 9, 16, 24, 25, 30, 34, 51, 55, 56, 58, 63, 64, 67, 72, 74, 75, 89, 104, 106, 107, 114, 115, 130, 138, 263
Bulgarian church in 67, 69, 74
Bulgarians in 68, 69, 72, 74
treaty of (1913) 135
constituent assembly, Tûrnovo (1879) 84, 85–89
constitution (1971) 194
(1991) 218
Dimitrov 186
Tûrnovo 88–89, 90–91, 93, 94, 108, 162, 186
Constitutional Bloc 152, 153
constitutional court 218, 219, 225
cooperatives 124, 147, 148, 228
corruption 17, 56, 66, 140, 148, 151, 152, 174, 206, 225, 231, 232–233, 234, 236, 240, 244–246, 247, 249, 250, 255–256, 263, 264
see also partisanstvo
cotton 51, 54
coup (1881) 90–91, 96, 119, 121
(1886) 101, 102
(1923) 153, 175
(1934) 158
(1944) 178
(1965) attempted 193, 267
(1989) 212
Constantinople (1908) 130
Plovdiv (1885) 97–99
Craiova, treaty of 165, 166
Crete 73, 126
crime, problem of in post-communist Bulgaria 225, 244, 246, 249, 255–256, 263
Crimean war 68, 72, 75
Crusades 24, 25
Cuba 193
currency 90, 140, 186, 228–229
currency board 233, 235, 237
Czech Republic 231, 255
Czechoslovakia 164, 194, 267
Dalmatia 60, 138
Danev, Stoyan 124, 127, 134, 135
Danube 4, 8, 9, 16, 19, 40, 51, 54, 76, 80, 83, 92, 101, 139, 167, 177, 203, 209, 241, 262
Daran Kulak 124
Dardanelles 166
debt, foreign (and loans) 84, 118, 122, 127, 137, 154, 202, 203, 225, 228, 229, 237
decollectivisation of land 215, 219, 224, 227–228
Dedeagach 135, 138
defence of the nation act (1940) 166
defence of the realm act (1923) 153
Delchev, Gotse 128
Democratic Alliance 153, 156
Democratic Party 94, 124, 130, 143, 145, 153, 155, 157, 162, 185, 230
demographic change 53–54, 111–113
depression (1930s) 156, 157
devetnaiseti 158–160
see also Zveno
devshirme 33, 35
Dimitrov, Filip 218, 219–224, 228, 234, 235
Dimitrov, Georgi 161, 183, 189, 190
directorate for social renewal 158, 161
Dobrev, Nikolai 234, 235
Dobrudja 55, 114, 124, 142, 165, 177
northern 143
southern 133, 134, 135, 139, 165, 185, 191, 204
Dogan, Ahmed 223
Dondukov-Korsakov, Prince 87
Drama 139
Dresden 54
Dubrovnik 40
Eastern Rumelia 83, 84, 89, 91, 95–99, 111, 121, 122, 126, 130, 205
Ecoglasnost 210, 230
education 15, 39, 58–62, 63, 66, 74, 77, 96, 107, 108, 150, 151, 152, 162, 168, 190, 196, 217, 238–239, 252, 260, 264, 267
EEC (European Economic Community), 202
see also EU
emigration, of Bulgarians 54, 244, 257
of Jews 190
of Turks 113, 190–191, 199, 210, 223, 227, 268
encouragement of industry act (1894) 117, 122
energy, gas 230, 231, 262
market 250
nuclear see Kozlodui
oil 230, 237, 262
problem of 203
Enos 134, 138
environment, problems and protests 209–210, 211
Epirus 22
EU, and Bulgaria 221, 224, 226, 227, 234, 236–237, 238–239, 240, 243, 245, 247, 249, 250, 251, 252–253, 255, 257, 258, 259, 261, 265
Euro-Left 235
Exarchate, see Bulgarian church
factories 57, 115, 117, 118
fascism 156, 157, 158, 159, 161, 172, 175, 186
Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Prince of Bulgaria 1887–1908, and King of the Bulgarians 1908–1918 103–107, 108–111, 119–121, 125, 127, 129, 131, 132, 133, 135, 137, 138–139, 143, 265, 266
marriage of 107–108
recognition of 103, 105, 108, 110–111, 118, 119
FF (Fatherland Front) 154, 174–175, 177–179, 180–187, 194, 214
Filov, Bogdan 164–174, 175
France 51, 72
French Revolution 48, 60
FYROM (Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia), see Macedonia; Republic of
Gabrovo 62, 114, 115, 142
school in 60, 65
gaitan 56
Gallipoli 138
Ganchev, Georgi 230
Gemeto (agrarian leader, G. M. Dimitrov) 182
Georgiev, Colonel Kimon 158, 160, 175, 178
Germans 15, 42
Germany 98, 100, 122, 164
Geshov, Ivan 131, 134
GNA (Grand National Assembly) 88, 90–91, 101–102, 103, 108, 131, 173, 184, 185, 186, 215, 217–218
Gorbachev, Mikhail 204, 206, 209, 210, 211
Göring, Hermann 158, 161
Gorna Djumaya (Blagoevgrad) 127
Great Britain 51, 58, 63, 67, 81, 83
Greece (Greeks) 3–4, 11, 22, 32, 48
Greece, autocephalous church in 67, 68
independent state of 60, 144, 157, 161, 164, 166, 167, 230, 241, 243, 264, 265
Greek church (Patriarchate) 15, 16, 21, 32, 38, 43–44, 65, 66–74, 75, 94, 106, 126, 128, 220
Greek war of independence 55, 60, 75
Greeks, Phanariot 43, 44, 65
Greek-Turkish war (1897) 126, 128
Gregory VI, Patriarch 72
Gudev, Petûr 129
guilds (esnafs) 37, 55, 58, 61, 65, 114, 264
Habsburg monarchy 40, 42, 51, 72, 76, 77, 85
see also Austria-Hungary
haiduks 40
Haskovo 25, 114
heresies 18–19, 25
Hitler, Adolf 162, 166, 169, 173
Hitov, Panaiot 76, 77
Hristo Botev radio station 175
Hungary 75, 176, 179, 243
(1956) 192, 267
Ilinden rising 128
IMF (International Monetary Fund) 228, 233, 235, 237, 238
IMRO (Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organisation) 126, 127–128
Indjova, Reneta 225
inflation 140, 151, 174, 227, 228, 229, 231, 234, 237, 244, 252
intelligentsia 40, 64, 74, 92, 120, 124, 156, 177, 180, 182, 185, 200, 209, 210, 239, 247, 260
Iraq 226, 229, 253–255, 261
Istanbul 262
Italo-Turkish war 132
Italy 69, 138, 241
second world war 169, 174
Ivan Rilski 18, 39, 266
Janissary corps 33, 42, 51, 56
Jewish question, second world war 171–173, 177, 268
Jews 36, 249
John Paul II, Pope 201
judiciary 88, 90, 181, 187, 225, 240, 250, 251–252, 256, 263
Kaimakchalan 139
Kalofer 55
Karadja, Stefan 76
Karavelov, Liuben 76–77, 78
Karavelov, Petko 90, 93–94, 95, 97, 101, 103, 121, 124, 130
Karlovo 55, 77
Kaulbars, general Aleksandr 92, 103
Kaulbars, Nikolai 101–102
Kavalla 139
Khrushchev, Nikita 191–192, 192–193, 195
Kioseivanov, Georgi 161–164
Kiustendil 26, 39, 74
Kolarov, Vasil 189
Koprivshtitsa 58, 76, 78
Kosovo crisis 243
Kostov, Ivan 235, 236–247, 249, 252, 263
Kostov, Traicho 189–190, 191, 192
Kostov, Vladimir 198, 201
Kotel 35, 48, 55, 58, 75, 114
Kozlodui 203–204, 240, 251
Kremikovtsi 237
Kresna-Razlog rising (1878) 85, 98
Krum, Khan 10, 11, 13
Krushevo 128
Krûstevich, Gavril 73
Kûrdjali 217
kûrdjaliistvo 52–54, 55, 66
Kutchuk Kainardji, treaty of 51, 54, 68
Kyril, Prince 174
Lamsdorff, Count 127
land reform (redistribution) 148–150, 152, 154
League of Nations xv, 154, 164
legal profession 125, 148, 151
Leipzig 54, 161
Leskovats 61, 66
Levski, Vasil 76, 77–78, 209
liberals and Liberal Parties 13, 88, 90–92, 93–94, 96, 103, 108, 117, 121, 124, 127, 129, 135, 156
Libya 226
Lilov, Aleksandûr 214, 219, 230
Livorno 54
local government 88, 90, 148, 152, 157, 159, 161–162
London, convention on terrorism (1934) 158
London, St James’s Palace conference 133
London, treaty of (1913) 133
Lovech 66, 71, 76
Ludjev, Dimitûr 219
Lukanov, Andrei 214–216, 226, 227, 230, 233, 256
Lukov, General 171
Lulchev, Kosta 183
Lyapchev, Andrei 154–156
Macedonia 22, 74, 83, 85, 94, 97, 111, 126–129, 126–127, 129, 133, 138, 139–140, 143, 145
ancient 1, 4
Bulgarian aspirations towards and policy in 85, 87, 89, 94, 105, 106, 122, 126–127, 132, 132–135, 134, 138, 139, 167, 167–168, 169, 175, 221, 265–266
and Bulgarian church 71, 72, 73, 74, 89, 94, 106, 107, 108, 126, 128, 129, 132, 135, 168
Bulgarians in 72
Greek 169
Greeks in 106, 126, 133
mediaeval 10, 11, 13, 20, 22, 24
and patriarchate 106
Pirin 135, 190
Republic of 22, 241, 262, 266
Macedonian language 190, 199, 221, 241
Macedonians in Bulgaria 94–95, 106, 111, 129, 131, 135, 145, 150–151, 153, 154, 155, 156, 158, 160, 164, 199, 221, 265
Magyars 16, 17, 24, 25
Makariopolski, Ilarion 67, 69, 71
Malinov, Aleksandûr 130–131, 135, 143, 157
Mao Tse Tung 192
Marie-Louise, Princess 107
Marinov, minister of war 178
Maritsa 28, 55, 112
Markov, Georgi 198, 201
Marseilles 54
marxism 125, 187
Mediterranean Sea 51, 54
Melnik 127
Midia 134, 138
Mihailov, Ivan 151, 158
Mihailova, Nadezhda 245
mihailovists 151, 153, 154, 155, 158, 160
Mihov, General 174
Milan, Prince of Serbia 99
Military League 152, 153, 156, 158, 160, 161
Miloevi, Slobodan 235
minorities 263
minorities in Bulgaria, Armenian 268
see also pomaks
Greek 85, 96, 108, 113, 126, 129, 167
Jewish 85
Muslim 108, 111–113, 205
Roma 199, 244, 250, 252
Turkish 85, 96, 99, 111–113, 114, 115, 158, 199, 217, 223, 238, 248, 268
Turkish, attempted assimilation of 204–206, 209, 210–211, 213, 215, 217, 239, 246
Mladenov, Petûr 210, 212, 213, 214, 215, 225
Moldavia 60, 69
Moldova, Republic of 54
monarchy 125, 145, 158, 160, 175, 184, 218, 249
monasteries 39–40, 58, 61, 148, 266
Montenegro 16, 20, 73, 133
Morava 1, 10, 83, 87, 89, 142
Moscow 76, 183
MRF (Movement for Rights and Freedoms) 215, 218, 219, 223, 224, 225, 229, 246, 247, 249
Muraviev, Konstantin 177–178
Mushanov, Nikola 157
Mussolini, Benito 152
Mutkurov, Sava 101
Nabokov, Captain 102, 103
narrow socialists 125, 138, 139, 142
National Alliance 152, 153
National Party 108, 131, 153, 156
NATO 221, 231, 236, 237, 240–241, 249, 253, 255, 257
action in Kosovo 240, 244
NEM (New Economic Mechanism) 202–203, 204
Nesebûr 10
Neuilly-sur-Seine, treaty of (1919) 144, 152, 164
Nevrokop 190
Nicholas II, Tsar of Russia 110, 111
Nish 66, 75, 76
convention (1923) 151
NMSS (National Movement Simeon II) 246–249, 249–256, 251, 263
NSM (National Social Movement) 156, 157, 158, 161
Oborishte 78
Odessa 54, 78
Ohrid 11, 19, 22, 38, 65, 66, 83, 106, 143
Omurtag, Khan 10, 11, 13
Orange Guard 147, 152
Ottoman army 33, 42, 44, 55, 56–57
Ottoman conquest of Balkans 25, 26, 27
Ottoman empire, administration 29–33, 35, 37, 44, 56, 57, 65, 67–68, 81
Christians in 51, 58, 71
decline of 48, 51–53, 126
Paiisi Hilendarski 45–48, 65, 74
Panagiurishte 1, 78
Panev law 219
Panitsa plot 105–106, 107, 108
Paris 58, 198, 210
Paris Commune 78
Paris peace conference (1946–7) 185
Paris, peace treaty of (1947) 186
partisans 181
in Bulgaria 175, 177
partisanstvo 119–121, 264
Pai, Nikola 138
Patriarchate, Bulgarian see Bulgarian church; Patriarchate
Patriarchate, see Greek church
Pavlov, Ilya 256
People’s Bloc 156–158
People’s Constitutional Bloc 161, 162
Pernik 115, 147
Persians, ancient 4
Perushtitsa 80
Peshev, Dimitûr 172
Petkov, Nikola 174, 175, 182–183, 186
Petrich 151, 153, 154, 160, 164
Petrov, general Racho 127, 129
Pimen, Metropolitan 219–220
Pirot 74, 83
Pleven 60, 83, 123
Pliska 8, 9, 11, 13, 16
Plovdiv 4, 35, 53, 55, 57, 58, 65, 66, 74, 76, 78, 80, 98, 100, 102, 115, 161, 191, 192, 206, 241, 263
Podkrepa (Support) 210, 216
police 105, 107, 119, 124, 147, 151, 152, 181, 186, 196, 198, 211, 214, 215, 235, 267
police files 217, 239
pomaks 34–35, 80, 114, 199, 204
Pomorie (Anhialo) 126
Popov, Dimitûr 216–218, 227, 228
Popov, Raphael 72
Popular Front 161
Porto Lagos 135, 137
Prague 60
PRC (People’s Republic of China) 193, 211
Preslav 16, 19, 71
Prespa 11
Prilep 60
privatisation 214, 223, 227, 228, 229, 231, 232, 233, 237–238, 244, 246, 250, 251–252
proportional representation 130, 135, 153, 156, 162, 215, 218
Protestant churches 67, 68, 110, 189
Proto-Bulgars 8–9, 11–15
Przemyl 138
PU (Popular Union) 229, 235
purges 181, 182, 183, 188–190, 190–191, 192, 196, 198, 219, 265
Pûrvanov, Georgi 250–251, 265
Radical Democratic Party 142
Radical Party 156
Radomir 143
Radoslavov, Vasil 101, 135, 137–143
railways 84, 92–93, 97, 115, 117, 118, 125, 135, 137, 140
Railways act (1884) 118, 122
railways, BDZh (Bulgarian State Railways) 94, 121
Belgrade–Salonika 169
Berlin to Baghdad 122
Oriental Railway Company 121–122, 130
parallel 121–122, 124
Rusé–Varna 93, 101, 105
Vienna to Constantinople 92, 122
Yambol–Burgas 122
Rakovski, Georgi 75–76, 77
Razgrad 217
Reagan, Ronald 202
Red Army in Bulgaria 154, 177, 180, 186
refugees 39, 94, 128, 145, 154–155
Regency 174
religious art 25, 26, 39
reparations 144, 147
Rhodope mountains 34, 52, 83
rice 51, 55
Rila monastery 39, 58, 69, 152
Rilski, Neofit 65
Roman empire 4–8, 262
Romania 10, 42, 54, 63, 69, 71, 73, 75, 110, 139, 144, 157, 165, 177, 213, 229, 241, 253, 255, 262, 264
Rome 14, 24, 25, 40, 72, 152, 201
Rupel, Fort 139
Rusé 52, 66, 74, 102, 176, 209, 241
Russia 42, 51, 52, 54, 58, 60, 66, 68, 71, 73, 75, 76, 81, 83, 90, 92–93, 94, 95, 97–99, 100, 101–102, 103, 108, 110–111, 119, 180, 243
and Balkans 126, 127, 128, 132
Russian Provisional Administration in Bulgaria 87, 112
Russian revolution (1905) 125
(1917) 142
Russo-Turkish war (1806–12) 55, 56
(1828–9) 54
(1877–8) 81–83, 89