Mogadishu, Battle of. See Battle of Mogadishu (Black Hawk Down episode)
Mohammed, Khalid Sheikh, 40, 118, 167
Moscow Rules, 4, 262
MQ-1 Predator, 90–91
Mubarak, Hosni, 26, 254
mujahedeen, 27, 31, 32, 51, 86, 103, 168
Mukhabarat, 26
Mullen, Mike, 192, 290, 293–95
bin Laden raid details relayed to Pakistan by, 288–89
Senate testimony on Pakistan’s role in Afghan insurgency of, 294–95
Wardak bombing and, 293–94
Muller, Scott, 120
Munir, Asad, 74, 168, 265, 286
on Pakistani peace deal with tribal militants, 107–8
working with CIA, 38–41
Munter, Cameron, 290
Davis incident and, 262–64, 273, 274–75, 276
Panetta and, 292
requests veto power and notification of drone strikes, 291–93
Murray, Patrick, 127
Musharraf, Pervez, 28, 33–34, 103–4, 111, 133, 227, 260, 266–67
Bush’s meeting with, 34
drone negotiations with CIA, 109
North Waziristan peace agreement and, 170–72
post–9/11 U.S. demands and, 29–31
purge of Islamists from military, 36
tribal militant attacks in Waziristan and, 105–6, 108
al-Zawahiri orders fatwa on, 105
Muslim Brotherhood, 255
Myers, Richard, 68
Nabhan, Saleh Ali Saleh, 246–47
al-Nashiri, Abd al-Rahim, 118–19, 126
National Intelligence Estimate report on radicalization in Muslim World, 138
National Security Act of 1947, 44
National Security Council, 69, 93, 226–27, 292, 305
Native Echo operation, 185–87
Navy Seals. See SEALs/SEAL Team Six
Negroponte, John D., 148–49
Nek Muhammad Wazir, 103–10, 156, 227, 266
attacks on Pakistani military, 103–7
drone strike kills, 109–10, 121
Neutrality Act, 240
Newland, Ross, 7, 43–44, 47–49, 59, 88, 99, 100, 239
on drone program, 318
early career of, 47–49
Nicaraguan covert activities and, 51–53
as station chief handling Eastern Europe and Soviet Union, 57–58
New York Times, The, 49, 139, 201
Nicaragua, 15, 50–53
9/11 terrorist attacks. See September 11 terrorist attacks
9/11 Commission, 13, 88, 98, 126
Bush advised to ignore recommendations on CIA powers, 81–82
recommends stripping CIA of paramilitary functions, 81, 313–14
Nixon, Richard, 79, 177
Noriega, Manuel, 72
North, Oliver, 51, 52–53, 54, 211
Northern Alliance, 27, 31–33, 91–92, 104
North Korea, 315
North Waziristan peace agreement, 170–72
Obama, Barack, 5, 57, 197, 214, 215, 216, 253–54, 301, 313
al-Awlaki killing and, 308, 312
bin Laden operation and, 286, 287, 289
closing of Guantánamo Bay prison and, 218, 219
coercive interrogation techniques banned by, 218–19
continuation of Bush drone attacks in Pakistan by, 267
Davis incident and, 3–4, 264
military operations in Yemen approved by, 231
review of covert-action programs, 225–26
Somali operations approved by, 246
targeted-killing program under, 217–20, 221, 226–28, 300–1, 312–15
Obama administration, 207, 211, 253
arms shipment to Somalia by, 242–43
al-Awlaki killing approved by, 305
CIA role in Libya and, 316
Davis incident and, 263–65, 272, 274
Inspire magazine and, 309
legal opinions justifying targeted-killing operations, 300–1
refuses to release documents on drone program, 312–13
Obrman, Jan, 181, 185, 188, 197, 204
O’Connell, Thomas, 64–65, 78–81
Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 6–7, 45, 300
Ohryzko, Volodymyr, 238
Oil Tycoon (game), 186
Omar, Haji, 167
Omar, Mullah Mohammed, 31, 32, 33, 157, 210, 269
Operation Cannonball, 164–65
Operation Desert Storm, 154
Operation Eagle Claw, 68–69, 70
Pack, Richard, 204
Pakistan, 33
al Qaeda in, 37–38, 265–66, 269–72
army intelligence, 170
Davis incident and, 1–4, 257–65, 272–76, 290
intelligence service (See Directorate for Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI))
Kashmir relief aid as cover for sending CIA agents into, 164–65
Lashkar-e-Taiba in, 259–61, 277
Taliban and, 27–32, 112, 168, 170, 269–70
U.S.–Pakistan relationship, 26–32
Pakistani Taliban, 107–8, 157–58, 227
Palestinian intifada, 98
Panetta, Leon, 221–26, 271, 301, 313
Arab Spring and, 253
Blair and, 224–26, 235
in charge of bin Laden mission, 133, 287
Davis incident and, 264–65, 290
interrogation memos and, 221–23
Muntner and, 292
targeted-killings and, 228
Paraguay, 82
Pasha, Ahmad Shuja, 263–65, 268, 273, 274–75, 290, 291, 293
Patek, Umar, 134
Patterson, Anne, 263
Pavitt, James, 12, 13, 90
Black and, 15
Predator drone program and, 91, 92, 97
Pelton, Robert Young, 193, 194, 197, 198, 203
Pentagon. See also Department of Defense
CIA efforts to undermine spying efforts of, 73–74
division of labor agreement with CIA, 132–34
Field Operations Group (FOG), 69–70
Intelligence Support Activity (ISA) (See Intelligence Support Activity (ISA))
Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC) (See Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC))
Operation Eagle Claw and, 68–69
poor communications with CIA, 17–21, 18
psychological operations of, 176–90
Rumsfeld attempts to modernize Defense Department, 19–21
U.S.C. Title 10 as governing authority, 76
Perot, H. Ross, 71
Petraeus, David, 299–300, 308
as CIA director, 301–2
Joint Unconventional Warfare Task Force Execute Order of, 206–8
Yemen counterterrorism operations and, 229, 232–33
Phillipines, 133–34
Phoenix program, 78
piracy
private efforts at combating, 244
Somali, 237–38, 247–48
Powell, Colin, 34, 57
POW rescue mission, in Laos, 71–72
Prado, Enrique, 10, 16, 122–25, 240, 327
Predator drones, 7, 61, 85–101, 218
assassination authority of CIA and, 87, 97–100
al-Awlaki, Abdulrahman killed by, 310–12
al-Awlaki, Anwar killed by, 306–10
in Balkan War, 61, 90–91
Creech Air Force Base as home of, 320–21
Datta Khel strike, 291
debate over development of, 88–94
Djibouti base for, 306–7, 308
effect on CIA of drone program, 317–19
effect on relations with Pakistan, 290–93
escalation of drone strikes in Pakistan in 2008, 265–69
funding for, 91, 95
Habib killed by, 173
al-Harethi killed by, 85–87, 100
institutionalization of drone program, 313
latency problem of, 307
al-Masri killed by, 173
&
nbsp; Mehsud killed by, 227–28
Nek Muhammad strike, 109–10, 121
Obama administration refuses to release documents related to, 312–13
in Pakistani tribal areas, 108–10
parallel drone programs of CIA and JSOC, 311–12
in Phillipines, 133–34
Saudi Arabian base for, 306, 308, 309
signature strikes, 290, 319
testing of, at Indian Springs Air Field, 94–97
Prince, Erik, 122–25, 240, 243–44, 258, 325, 327
prisons
Abu Salim prison, 254
detention-and-interrogation progam, 13, 117–21, 126–28
Guantánamo Bay prison, 16–17, 23, 218, 219
Kot Lakhpat prison, 257
psychological operations, 175–90
of CIA, 175–76
of Pentagon, 176–90
during Vietnam War, 178–79
Putin, Vladimir, 189
Qeybdiid, Abdi Hasan Awale, 137
Raghal, Abu, 151
al-Rahman, Atiyah Abd, 300
Rangers, 138, 251
Rauf, Rashid, 165–66
Reagan, Ronald, 48, 50, 51, 54–55, 57, 70, 144
Reagan administration, 48, 49, 52, 54
Reaper drones, 266, 308, 318
Rice, Condaleezza, 190
Rizzo, John, 219, 221
Rodriguez, Jose, 10, 163, 166
detention-and-interrogation program and, 118–19, 126–27
Guantánamo Bay prison as idea of, 16–17
killing program resurrected by, 121–26
in Latin American division of CIA, 15–16
Somali warlords backed by, 137–38, 143
Rohde, David, 201
Romania, 58
Romney, Mitt, 314–15
Rowe, Leslie, 142
RQ-1 Predator, 61
Rumsfeld, Donald, 18–21, 26, 33, 86, 131, 149, 207, 267, 287
advises Bush against stripping CIA of military operations, 81–82
Al Qaeda Network Execute Order of, 128–29
Bajaur operation and, 115–17, 132
critical of CIA, 67–68, 73
efforts to modernize Defense Department, 19–21
Gray Fox and, 75
Holland’s briefing on strategy for war against al Qaeda to, 66–67
Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC) and, 63–64, 65, 75–76
legal powers and authority of defense secretary, 75–77
special operations demonstration for, 63–64, 65
Tenet and, 20, 68
Sacred Sword of the Patriots League propaganda campaign, 178–79
Saeed, Hafiz Muhammad, 260–61, 277
Saleh, Ali Abdullah, 86–87, 100–101, 214, 230, 231, 232–34, 302, 305–6
Sanchez, Nestor, 47, 48, 53
Sandinistas, 50–51
Saracen International, 244
Saudi Arabia
bin Nayef assassination attempt, 213–16
drone base in, 306–7, 308, 309
Save the Children, 281
Schultz, George, 57
Schultz, Richard H., Jr., 179
Schwarzenberg, Karel, 190
Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), 179–80
SEALs/SEAL Team Six, 64, 75, 76, 116, 129, 229
bin Laden mission, 133, 284–89
Damadola raid, 134–35
Nabhan operation, 246–47
Somalia mission, 149–50
Zhawar Kili exploitation operation, 17–18
secret prison program, CIA, 117–21
secret war, 11–17
costs of, 5–6
Secret War Against Hanoi, The (Schultz), 179
Select Armor, 143–44
September 11 terrorist attacks, 11–12, 99, 303, 319
expansion of Counterterrorist Center after, 11
transformation in CIA and military missions after, 4–5
al-Shabwani, Jaber, 234, 306
Shahzad, Faisal, 309
Shahzad, Syed Saleem, 293
Shakai peace arrangement, 107–8
Sharif, Nawaz, 37, 259
“sheep-dipped” special operations, 133, 134, 287
Shelton, Hugh, 89
signature strikes, 290, 319
Simpson, Natasha, 55
Smith, Jeffrey, 325
SOCOM. See U.S. Special Operations Command (SOCOM)
Somalia, 137–51, 242–52
al Shabaab in, 139–40, 142, 147–48, 151, 241, 242, 243, 245–47, 249–52
arms shipment from Obama administration to, 242–43
Aweys, Hasan Dahir and al Shabaab in, 139–43
Ballarin’s efforts in, 143–47, 238–42, 247–53
CIA backed warlords in, 137–43
Ethiopian invasion of, 148–51
Islamic Courts Union’s takeover of Mogadishu, 147–48
piracy and, 237–38, 247–48
U.S. counterterrorism operations in, 242–47
Soviet Union, 25–26, 27, 35, 168, 260, 267
Ethiopia–Somalia territorial battle and, 148
invasion and occupation of Afghanistan, 48, 112–13
special operations. See Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC)
Spy for All Seasons, A (Clarridge), 199
Stevens, J. Christopher, 317
Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 73
Sufism, 140, 146, 250–52
Sultan, Shaukat, 110
Syria, 78
Tajiks, 31–32
Taliban, 13, 20, 40–41, 192, 193–94
in Pakistan, 107–8, 157–58, 227
Pakistan support of, 27–32, 112, 168, 170, 269–70
Tanzania, embassy bombing in, 27
targeted-killing program, 217–20, 221, 226–28, 300–1, 312–15
“targeting” of foreign nationals, 14–15
Task Force 188, 149–50
Task Force Orange. See Gray Fox
Taylor, Mike, 201
Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP). See Pakistani Taliban
Tenet, George, 12–14, 16, 67, 86, 90, 98, 122, 217
daily meetings with Bush, 13–14
Predator drone program and, 91, 92, 97
Rumsfeld and, 20, 68
secret prison program and, 120
terrorism, 53–57. See also specific acts of terrorism
Thor, Brad, 211
Times Square bombing attempt, 309
Title 10, 76
Title 50, 76, 133, 287
Towers, The (Andrews), 66
Treaty of Westphalia, 326–27
Truman, Harry, 44, 200
Tunisia, 254
Turco, Fred, 57
Turner, Stansfield, 43, 69, 74, 222
TWA Flight 847 hostage standoff, 54
Typhoon Box, 134
ul Haq, Ehsan. See Ehsan ul Haq
Uncle Tom’s Cabin (Stowe), 73
underwear bomber, 232, 304
United Arab Emirates (UAE), 243–44
United Nations Convention Against Torture, 118
United States
missile defense pact with Czech Republic, 188–90
Pakistan-U.S. relationship, 26–32
U.S. Africa Command, 242
U.S. Special Operations Command (SOCOM)
Holland’s briefing on strategy for war against al Qaeda, 66–67
psychological operations in Muslim world of, 180–90
U.S.C. Title 10, 76
U.S.C. Title 50, 76
U.S.S. Cole (destroyer), bombing of, 85, 86, 89
U-Turn Media, 181–89
Uzbekistan, 92–93
Uzbeks, 31–32
vaccination campaign spying operation, 279–84
Vanity Fair, 124
Velvet Hammer, 71
Vickers, Michael G., 131
Vietnam, 45, 65–66, 78, 79
Vietnam War, 220
psychological operations during, 178
–79
Village War, The (Andrews), 65–66
Voice of America, 110, 249
Wahhabism, 140, 146, 250, 252
Wana, Pakistani attack on, 105–6
Wanat ambush, 193–94
Wardak bombing, 294
war on drugs, 49
Washington Post, The, 303
waterboarding, 118, 120–21
Weinberger, Caspar, 72, 199
wilderness of mirrors, 151
Wilson, Charlie, 91
Wisner, Frank, 175
Wolfowitz, Paul, 100
Woods, Tyrone, 317
Woodward, Bob, 220
Woolsey, R. James, Jr., 58–59, 91
Wyandotte Net Tel, 185
Yeager, Chuck, 96
Yellow Fruit, 72
Yemen, 214–15
al Qaeda militants prison break in, 138–39
al-Awlaki tracked and killed in, 302–10
Predator drone strikes in, 85–87, 100–101
U.S. covert operations against al Qaeda in, 229–34
Zardari, Asif Ali, 259, 266–67
al-Zarqawi, Abu Musab, 129–30
al-Zawahiri, Ayman, 105, 115–16, 134–35
Zegart, Amy, 315
Zhawar Kili exploitation operation, 17–18
Zia-ul-Haq, Muhammad, 34, 260
Zinni, Anthony, 199
Zorick, Michael, 142
Zubaydah, Abu, 118–19, 126
* Name of CTC was changed from Counterterrorist Center to Counterterrorism Center in 2005
* Before 2005, the CIA director held the official title of director of central intelligence, or DCI.
* The Pakistani government would later change the name of the North-West Frontier Province to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
* In 2005, the CIA changed the name of the Directorate of Operations to the National Clandestine Service. Rodriguez was the head of the NCS.
* The CIA’s Counterterrorist Center was renamed the Counterterrorism Center in 2005.
* Because Mike remains an undercover officer, only his first name is used here.
Table of Contents
TITLE PAGE
COPYRIGHT
DEDICATION
CONTENTS
PRINCIPAL CHARACTERS
PROLOGUE: THE WAR BEYOND
1: PERMISSION TO KILL
2: A MARRIAGE AMONG SPIES
3: CLOAK-AND-DAGGER MEN
4: RUMSFELD’S SPIES
5: THE ANGRY BIRD
6: A TRUE PASHTUN
7: CONVERGENCE
8: A WAR BY PROXY
9: THE BASE
10: GAMES WITHOUT FRONTIERS
11: THE OLD MAN’S RETURN
12: THE SCALPEL’S EDGE
13: THE SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA
14: THE UNRAVELING
15: THE DOCTOR AND THE SHEIKH
16: FIRE FROM THE SKY