Committee of Black Gay Men, 79
Community Constituency Consortium (CCC), 146, 147, 150
Community Research Initiative (CRI), 139, 146–52, 162, 194–98, 248
and ACT UP, 194–96
aerosol pentamidine trials, 151–52
and amfAR, 146, 198–200
Callen and, 146–47, 149–52, 162, 164, 194–98, 229
and Compound Q, 197–98
demographics (women and people of color), 147–48, 195–97
financial problems, 197, 199
Grant’s accusations against Callen and, 194–97
the Institutional Review Board (IRB), 147–48, 151–52, 318n1
Sonnabend and, 146, 151, 194–95, 197–98, 318n1
See also drug trials and drug therapies
Community Research Initiative on AIDS (CRIA), 198, 318n1
“Community-Based AIDS Research” (Merton), 148
Compound Q (trichosanthin), 133, 197–98, 228, 255
Conant, Marcus, 45, 66–67
“Concorde” study (1993), 130, 131, 256
condoms
availability of, 86–87
Catholic church and, 184, 187
education on proper use, 65, 86, 163
Koop report, 153
and safe-sex practices/prevention of AIDS, x, 69–70, 163–64, 219–21, 231, 260–61
Congressional Black Caucus, 87
Cornwell, Anita, 77
The Cosby Show (television), 236
CRI. See Community Research Initiative (CRI)
Cruse, Howard, 64
cryptosporidiosis, 52–53, 134
Cullen, Countee, 172
Cuomo, Mario, 122, 138, 188
Curran, Jim, 45
cytomegalovirus (CMV), 46, 53, 56, 161, 311n10
Dance magazine, 249
Danceteria (NYC), 52
Dannemeyer, William, 60, 121
DaunoXome, 274
Davis, Angela, 294
Dawson, Ken, 223–24
D.C. Coalition of Black Lesbians and Gays, 16, 28, 29, 36, 41–42, 214–15
D.C. Commission on the Arts and Humanities, 117
d.c. space (club), 77–78, 140, 155
de Veaux, Alexis, 33, 37
The Deadly Nightshade (all-women’s trio), 51
Dear Motherfuckin’ Dreams, 141
Deben, Prem, 292
Delaney, Martin, 130, 131, 227–28, 255
Delany, Samuel, 76, 110, 173, 176, 177
DeLarverie, Stormé, 42
Demme, Jonathan, 202
“Denver Principles,” 91
dextran sulfate, 53
Diamond, Neil, 4
A Different Light (L.A. gay bookstore), 233
Dignity (Catholic group), 187
Dinkins, David, 61, 87, 139, 188, 213
Diving for Life, 283
Dixon, Melvin, 110
DNCB treatments, 64
“Doctors to Wipe Out AIDS,” 73
Don’t Tell Mama (NYC cabaret), 60
Dorow, Heidi, 189
Dotton, Thomas, 76
Douglass, Frederick, 31
Downstate Medical Center (New York), 9, 53
Doxil (Adriamycin), 274, 327n3
drug trials and drug therapies, 217–18
ACT UP demonstration (1988), 185–86
aerosol pentamidine, 145–52, 164, 229
AZT antiretroviral drug therapy, 128–29, 130, 148–49, 256
Compound Q trials, 133, 197–98, 228, 255
“Concorde” study (1993), 130, 131, 256
and CRI, 139, 146–52, 162, 194–98, 229
ddI and ddC, 217, 256, 273
deregulation issue, 227–30
Doxil (Adriamycin), 274, 327n3
FDA, 92, 128–29, 148–49, 152, 185–86, 228, 304
federal, 147, 148–49, 150–51, 161–62, 217, 228–29
foscarnet, 161–62
gamma globulin, 161–62
GP120 trial, 226–27
informal, 147, 197–98, 228
and minority groups (people of color), 137, 138–39, 147–48, 150
“parallel trials,” 162, 186
placebo trials, 151, 161–62, 185–86, 198, 229
protocols, 147, 152
women and, 152
“drugs into bodies” slogan, 92
ACT-UP, 92, 188–89, 192, 194, 222, 228
Callen and, 129, 131, 194, 222, 229, 273
Du Bois, W. E. B., 172
Duberman, Martin, 135–36, 223–27
and ACT UP demonstration, 184–85
and CLAGS, 196
heart attack (1979), 135–36
and March on Washington (1987), 155–56, 263
and March on Washington (1993), 263
and partner, Eli, 155–56, 224, 225–27
Duckett, Larry, 32, 34, 204, 206, 293–94
Duesberg, Peter, 99–100, 127–28
Duke, George, 27
Duplechan, Larry, 114
Dworkin, Andy, 250, 289
Dworkin, Richard, 51–52, 68, 156–60, 275–90
band Lowlife with Callen, 51–52, 156–57, 158, 160
and the Legacy album, 275–78, 283, 290
and Mike’s death, 287–90, 328n18
music, 51–52, 156–57, 156–60, 221–22, 275–79, 283
and Patrick’s death, 286–87
relationship with Callen, 51–52, 54–55, 101–3, 125, 136, 159, 201, 247–51, 259–60, 275–76, 282, 287–90
relationship with Patrick Kelly, 249–51, 259–60, 275–76, 282–83, 286–87
and Valentino, 247–49
East Side Sauna (New York bathhouse), 93–94
egg yolk lecithin extract, 133, 194
89 Cents (journal), 264
Eigo, Jim, 162, 190, 191
ELISA test, 121
Ellis, Perry, 149
Emery Awards, 117
ENIKAlley coffeehouse (Washington, D.C.), 35–37
Enlow, Roger, 90, 93
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), 15
Essence, 33, 78–79, 83
Ethnic Notions (film), 180, 203–4, 205
Evans, Rowland, 211
Evans, Wyatt O’Brian, 35, 116
Everard’s (NYC bathhouse), 94
Fag Rag, 82
Fain, Nathan, 58
Faith Temple (Washington, D.C.), 87
Falwell, Jerry, 49, 86, 121, 176
Fanon, Frantz, 180
Farmer, Mary, 42
Farmer, Sharon, 36, 37, 40
Farrakhan, Louis, 180, 209–11, 292, 295
Fauci, Anthony, 97, 130, 145–46, 148–50, 162
Fauntroy, Walter, 88, 89
Felson, Artie, 67
feminism/feminist movement
black lesbian feminist community, 28–29, 76–77, 155, 174–75
Callen and, 7–8, 12, 51, 67, 70, 102, 152, 194, 218, 253, 260
and GMHC, 67
Hemphill and, 155, 174, 181
and self-empowerment, 92
“sex-positive”/sex radical, 12, 218
Ferebee, Gideon, Jr., 32
Ferraro, Geraldine, 71
Film Arts Festival at Roxie Theater (San Francisco), 205
Finley, Karen, 78
Fire Island, 156, 158
Fischl, Margaret, 148
Fisher, Mary, 284
Flirtations (a capella group), 164–66, 201–3, 221–22, 250, 253–54, 278–81, 285, 327n8
Callen’s reunion with, 278–81
The Flirtations (album), 202–3, 276
Out on the Road (album), 203
Font, Aurelio, 165, 327n8
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
ACT UP protest (1988), 185–86
aerosol pentamidine approval, 152
AZT trials/approval, 128–29, 148–49
drug trials and drug therapies, 92, 128–29, 148–49, 152, 185–86, 228, 304
and PCP prophylaxis, 148–49, 152
foscarnet, 161–62
&nbs
p; Fouratt, Jim, 52
Franke-Ruta, Garance, 189
Frechette, David, 42, 173–75
Freeman Reports (television), 59
Friedman-Kien, Alvin, 45, 50
Frontiers (publication), 235
Full Gospel A.M.E. Zion Church, 302
Fullwood, Steven, 294
Fure, Tret, 276, 281
Gala Hispanic Theatre (Washington, D.C.), 32
Galás, Diamanda, 249
Gallo, Robert, 97, 255
gamma globulin, 161–62
Gay Academic Union, 80
Gay Activists Alliance, 10
“gay cancer,” 13–14, 36
Gay Community News, 82, 160, 207
Gay Liberation Front (GLF), 10, 81–82
gay liberation movement
androgyny ideal, 48
civil rights, 61, 87–88, 193–94
and Clinton administration, 262–64
and D.C.’s black gay and lesbian community, 16–18, 28–30, 41–42, 79–83
early rhetorical strategy of overstatement and hyperbole, 45
and gay press, 75–76
lesbians and ACT-UP agenda, 85, 189–90
and mainstream assimilationism, x, 82, 239, 256, 263
organizational transformations of the 1970s, 10
and popular equation of homosexuality and disease, 14
racism within, 76, 79–83, 115–16, 142, 169–71, 212–16
response to Bowers decision, 123–24
and self-empowerment, 90, 92–93
See also gay sexual liberation
Gay Men of African Descent (GMAD), 112–13, 303
Gay Men with AIDS (GMWA), 67–68, 90
Gay Men’s Health Crisis (GMHC)
AIDS crisis response in NYC, 61–64
and AZT controversy, 160
Callen and safe-sex poster campaign, 63–64, 93
Callen’s clashes with, 62–65, 67, 90, 120, 134, 195
creation of, 50
and Hispanics, 90, 93, 119–20
and people of color, 90, 119, 120
and promiscuity issue, 62–65
and PWAs, 65, 67, 91
spreading panic of coming heterosexual epidemic, 57, 95–96
Gay Music Guide, 160
Gay Pride Day, 83, 202
gay sexual liberation, 10, 12, 56, 66, 91–92, 95, 186, 218
debate about separation of love and sex, 91–92
O Boys and group-based sexuality, 251–53
post-AIDS panic, 251–53, 260–61
and promiscuity issue, 56–59, 62–65, 95, 218–19
See also gay liberation movement
Gay Student Alliance (University of Maryland), 27–28
gay-affirmative therapy, 284–85
Gaylord, Lisa, 8
General Motors (GM), 2, 3
Gerald, Gil, 17, 88–89, 110, 112, 213, 215
Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities (Santa Monica), 117, 244–46, 262, 291
Gilbert, Walter, 317n14
Gilliam, Dorothy, 37
Giovanni’s Room (Philadelphia gay bookstore), 75, 110, 114
Givnish, Gerry, 40
GLAAD, 184, 202
Glide Memorial Church (San Francisco), 157
Glory Hole Church (San Francisco club), 220
GMAD (Gay Men of African Descent) (New York), 139, 215
GMHC. See Gay Men’s Health Crisis (GMHC)
Goldin, Frances, xii, 237, 241, 243–46, 262, 309n6, 325n12
Goldsmith, Judy, 88–89
Gomez, Jewelle, 78, 175, 204
gonorrhea, rectal, 46, 221
Gonsalves, Roy, 173
Goode, Wilson, 106
Goodstein, David, 57
Gottlieb, Michael, 145
Gould, Deborah, 188
Graham, Jim, 85, 86, 163–64
Gran Fury, 185
Grant, Lou, 194–95, 196–97
Graselli, Diane, 278–79
Greater Mount Zion Missionary Church (Washington, D.C.), 86–87
Grega, Will, 160, 203, 319n10
GRID (Gay-Related Immune Deficiency), 49–50, 55
Grimes, Tammy, 60
Grossman, Steven, 52, 157
group-based sexuality, 251–53
Hackett, Harley, 73–74
Haitian Coalition on AIDS, 55
Haitians, 55, 56, 71, 153, 235
Hamilton, Ohio, 1–4
Handy, John, 157
Hanks, Tom, 262, 285–86
Hannan, Tom, 133
Hansberry, Lorraine, 207
Hardwick, Michael, 122–23
Hare, Nathan, 180, 292
Harlem Renaissance (1920s), 30, 32, 141, 167, 172
Harlem Renaissance, second, xi, 32, 141, 172–75
Harpe, Charles, 177
Harrington, Mark, 130–31, 195
Harris, Craig G., 36, 79, 110, 112–13, 115, 179, 204
Hay, Harry, 253
Hay, Louise, 131–32, 164
Hay House, 131–32
Helms, Jesse, 60
hemophiliacs, 55, 56, 71, 95, 122, 149, 201
Hemphill, Essex, xi–xii, 18–42, 77–85, 116–19, 166–82, 209–16, 231–46, 261–62, 264–69, 291–304
and ACT UP, 194, 209, 215
and AIDS crisis in black gay artistic community, 112, 113–14, 140, 141–42, 170, 212–13, 216
AIDS onset and symptoms, 112, 140, 234, 245–46, 261–62, 264, 297–301
attitudes toward his AIDS/handling AIDS, 291–93, 300
and Beam, 76–77, 107–12, 142–43, 166–69
Brother to Brother anthology, 167–72, 175–82, 232–34, 240–41, 321n14
censorship challenges, 117–18
and Cinqué, 34–35, 140
collaborations with Jones and Parkerson, 37–38, 40, 77–78, 106–7, 112, 140–41, 155
on coming out, 27, 78–79, 239
critique of Mapplethorpe, 169–71, 239, 240
and D.C.’s black gay and lesbian community, 17, 28–42, 79–85, 112, 140–42
at d.c. space, 77–78, 140, 155,
employment and financial hardships, 111, 116–17, 119
Essence article, 78–79, 82
European trip and readings (1987), 118–19
final days and death, 300–304
and Frances Goldin Agency, 241, 243, 245, 262
friendship with Wayson Jones, 26–28, 32–35, 38–42, 140, 296, 299–300
friendship with Michelle Parkerson, 30, 37, 77, 118, 245
funeral service and alternate ceremony, 302–3
Getty Center residency, 117, 244–46, 262, 291
grants, 116–17
influence on black gay community, 119, 303
on interracial gay relationships, 207–8
and Kennedy Center screening of Tongues Untied, 206, 209
In the Life anthology, 76–77, 109, 167
love relationships, 107–9, 299
and Million Man March, 209–11
mother, Mantalene, 18, 22, 241–43, 268, 302–3, 309n6
national day of remembrance for, 303–4
and Nethula Journal, 30, 33, 37
and Parkerson, 30–32, 37–38, 40–42, 77–78, 106–7, 112
personality, xii, 39–40, 41, 294
political work, 41–42, 214–15
on racial identity/sexual identity, 17, 29, 111, 142, 207–16, 239–40, 295
religious faith, 298–99, 302–3
responses to racism, 39–40, 79–83, 141–42, 169–70, 212–16
and “second Harlem Renaissance,” xi, 32, 141, 172–75
and sex, 77, 140, 296
at university, 26–27
Voicescapes, 40, 106–7, 140–41
yearning for “home” (coming home), 171–72, 179, 211–14, 215
and white gay movement, 80–81, 240
Hemphill, Essex (home, family, and early life), 18–26, 78–79
feelings of “differentness,�
�� 20–21
grandmother, “Miss Emily,” 19
parents/family dynamics, 18–24, 78–79, 211
poetry-writing, 19–25
sexual exploration/first homosexual encounters, 25–26
violent father, 18, 23–24
Hemphill, Essex (poetry/writings), 18–25, 77–78, 264–69, 296–302, 309n6
“Act I,” 20
“American Wedding,” 239
“Balloons,” 32–33
and Be Bop Books, 33–34, 115, 245
book contract, 243–45, 325nn12–13
“Brass Rail,” 34–35
and Brother to Brother anthology, 167–72, 321n14
Ceremonies, 180, 237–41, 321n14, 325n10
“Civil Servant,” 173–74, 265
Conditions, 34, 116–17, 118, 237
“Cordon Negro,” 82–83
“Critical Care,” 245
Diamonds Was in the Kitty, 34, 77
“Does Your Mama Know About Me?,” 239
Domestic Life, 298–99, 303
Earth Life, 34, 111, 115, 118, 237
“The Faerie Poem,” 266–67
“Family Jewels,” 82, 117
“Fixin’ Things,” 18–19
“Heavy Breathing,” 237–39, 264–65
“Homocide (for Ronald Gibson),” 37–38, 204
“Loyalty,” 239–40, 292
and the MOVE bombing, 106
“My Funny Valentine,” 31–32
“O Tell Me, Brutus,” 114
“The Occupied Territories,” 123
Plums, 34, 77
poems for Joe Beam, 143, 166
“Revenge,” 23–24
and Riggs’s Tongues Untied, 34, 175, 204
self-published chapbooks, 33–34, 116–17
Soft Targets, 141
Some of the People We Love Are Terrorists, 34
“Standing in the Gap” (novel-in-progress), xii, 208, 241–44, 268, 296, 325n12
“Talking with a Friend . . . ,” 20
“Thanksgiving 1993,” 268–69
“To Some Supposed Brothers,” 155, 174
“The Tomb of Sorrow,” 108–9, 265
unpublished early poems, 20–25, 309n6
unpublished novel, 208, 313n6, 328n6
“Vital Signs,” 18, 246, 264–68, 298, 299–300, 303
“When My Brother Fell,” 166
“A Woman Our Mother We Love You,” 22
Hemphill, Mantalene, xii, 18, 22, 241–43, 268, 302–3, 309n6
Hemphill, Warren, 18, 40
Hermance, Ed, 110
Hersch, Fred, 158
heterosexuals
Africans and AIDS transmission, x, xi, 65, 98, 262, 314n11, 326n9
AIDS transmission among, xi, 65–66, 95–96, 98, 262, 314n11, 318n1, 326n9
Masters and Johnson’s 1979 Homosexuality in Perspective, 231
spreading panic of imminent AIDS epidemic among, 57, 65–66, 95–96, 314n11, 318n1
syphilis rates, 220
See also black community and homosexuality
Hibsher, Bill, 312n16
Hicks, Chuck, 215