FDA protest (1988), 185–86
Hemphill and, 215
Housing Committee, 189–90, 191
lesbians and, 85, 189–90
Majority Action Committee (MAC), 189–90, 191–93
nonviolent direct action protests, 129, 152–53, 184–90, 193, 256–57
“parallel” drug trial proposal, 162, 186
prochoice stance, 187
Shilts’s 1991 Advocate story on, 192, 256
Silence=Death slogan, x, 209
St. Patrick’s Cathedral demonstration (1989), 187–88
Treatment Action Group (TAG), 189, 223, 257, 322n11
Women’s Caucus, 189–90, 192
ACT UP/Golden Gate, 188–89
ACT UP/New York, 185–90, 191–92, 217
ACT UP/San Francisco, 188–89
ACT-UP’s Treatment and Data (T&D) Committee, 130–31, 185, 189, 191, 192, 195–96, 222–23, 257
acyclovir, 53, 164
ADODI (Philadelphia), 139, 215
The Advocate, 57, 58, 75, 114, 115, 159–60, 192, 256
Africa
heterosexuals and AIDS transmission, x, xi, 65, 98, 262, 314n11, 326n9
Kemron drug therapy, 190
theories about AIDS, 314n11, 326n9
Africa, Ramona, 106
African American literature, 172–73
Agosto, Moisés, 191
AIDS Candlelight Vigil, 202
AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG), 145–46
AIDS crisis (city-level responses)
New York, 60–61, 122, 137–38, 183–85, 187, 188
San Francisco, 93, 119, 146
Washington, D.C., 83–89, 139–40, 175
AIDS crisis (U.S. federal responses), 60, 71, 120, 121, 140, 149, 150
Clinton administration, 262–63
and direct-action protests, 152–56, 164
Justice Department ruling on AIDS in the workplace, 156
racism and, 153–54
Reagan administration, 14–15, 49–50, 83, 121, 140, 149, 153–55, 223
AIDS crisis (U.S. public responses)
abrogation of gay civil rights, 60, 122, 154
calls for forced blood tests, 121, 122
and changing American views of homosexuality, 193–94, 218
demonization and public invective against gay people, 121–24, 154, 263
dismissiveness and denial, x, 57–58
hysteria, paranoia, and irrational fears, 59–60, 72–73, 121–22, 140, 154, 178
quarantine recommendations, 60, 61, 121–22, 138–39, 153, 154
sodomy laws, 122–24, 193, 223
AIDS crisis and the black community, 83–89, 138–43, 175
black churches, 85–87, 139, 213, 241–42
black gay and lesbian community, 84–85, 112–13, 120, 138–43, 212–13, 216, 262
drug trials and people of color, 137, 138–39, 147–48, 150
infection rates, xi, 86, 113, 137, 139, 175, 262
AIDS Medical Foundation, 73, 96, 309n3. See also American Foundation for AIDS Research (amfAR)
AIDS Network, 64
AIDS Project Los Angeles, 302
AIDS research, funding for, 15, 50, 60, 83, 140, 145–52, 153–54. See also American Foundation for AIDS Research (amfAR); Community Research Initiative (CRI); drug trials and drug therapies
AIDS Treatment News, 130
AIDS Walk, 202
The AIDS War (Lauritsen), 100
Allen, Peter, 158, 279
Allen, Peter Lewis, 49–50
alternative therapies, 53, 64, 132–34, 272–75
aloe vera juice, 272
Callen and, 132–34, 164, 272–75, 327n3
egg yolk lecithin extract, 133, 194
prayer, 133–34
shark-cartilege, 272–73, 327n3
Us Helping Us programs, 292–93
Altman, Dennis, 70
Altman, Lawrence, 13–14
Alyson Publications, 111, 114–15, 167, 245, 321n14
American Academy of Dermatologists, 161
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), 73, 123–24
American Family Association, 206–7
American Film Institute, 205, 245
American Foundation for AIDS Research (amfAR), 73, 96, 146, 198–200
and Callen, 199
and CRI, 146, 198–200
and Krim, 73, 96, 198–200, 309n3, 318n1, 323n14
and Sonnabend, 73, 96, 309n3, 312n17, 318n1, 323n14
American Library Association’s Gay and Lesbian Literary Award, 241
American Psychiatric Association, 14
American Psychoanalytic Association, 193
American Public Health Association, 113, 125, 136
American Roland Company, 133
amfAR. See American Foundation for AIDS Research (amfAR)
anal sex, unprotected, 46, 69–70, 162–64, 220–21, 231, 324n3
Anderson, Kathy, 30
Anderson, Melody, 274
Andrews, Julie, 4
Andriote, John-Manuel, x
Annals of Internal Medicine, 46
Antabuse, 164, 194
Anthem (short film), 209
Anzaldúa, Gloria, 105
Apuzzo, Virginia (Ginny), 64, 67, 88–89, 90, 91
ARISE (publication), 32
Armstrong, Donald, 151
Arterton, Jon, 165, 279, 327n8
Asante, Molefi, 180, 291, 292
Ascension Poetry Reading Series at Howard University’s Founders Library, 30–31
Ashe, Arthur, 235–36, 262
Association for the Prevention and Treatment of Drug Abuse, 183
Association of Black Gays, 28
Atkinson, Nicole, 294
Atlanta University, 86
Au Courant (alternative Philadelphia paper), 32, 75
Avena, Thomas, 264–65
Axelrod, David, 137–38, 184
AZT antiretroviral drug therapy, 128–31, 148–49
and ACT-UP, 129–31
Callen’s rejection of, 128–31
“Concorde” study (1993), 130, 131, 256
costs, 178
FDA approval, 128–29, 148–49
and GMHC, 160
Sonnabend and, 128, 130, 317n15
trials, 128–29, 130, 148–49, 256
Bablanian, Rostom, 9
Bachelor’s Mill (D.C. gay bar), 34
Bactrim (PCP prophylaxis), 53, 145–46, 148–49, 227, 228, 229
Badgley, Christiane, 294
Badlands (D.C. gay bar), 84
Baldwin, James, 76, 169, 171, 207
“Les Ballets Trockadero de Monte Carlo” (drag troupe), 249
Ballou Senior High School (Washington, D.C.), 25
Baltimore Gay Alliance, 16
Baraka, Amiri, 180, 292
Barnett, Allen, 223
Barry, Marion, 15–16, 29, 117, 140, 214
Bastard Review, 264, 265
bathhouses, 6, 11, 48, 69–70, 93–97, 122
Callen’s tour of New York scene, 93–97
debates about closure of, 93–97, 122
San Francisco demonstrations and closure, 93
Bauer, Gary, 14, 153
Bay Area Physicians for Human Rights, 45
Bay Area Reporter, 160
Be Bop Books, 33–34, 115, 245
Beal, James T., 320n12
Beam, Dorothy, 109–10, 142, 167–68, 182, 321n14
Beam, Joseph (Joe), 17, 36, 75–77, 105–16, 142–43, 166–69, 207, 318n26
death, 142–43, 166
declining health, 112, 142–43
and Hemphill, 76–77, 107–12, 142–43, 166–69
In the Life anthology, 76–77, 105, 109, 110–11, 114–15, 142, 167
and the MOVE bombing, 107
parents, 109–10, 114, 142, 167
Bean, Carl, 112
Belton, Don, 177, 295
Bennett, Michael, 149
Bennett, William, 14, 153
Berkowitz, Richard (“Rich”), 47–51
How to Have Sex in an Epidemic (1983 pamphlet), 68–71
and Mass, 64–65
New York Native article with Callen, 47–51, 55–59, 94
and promiscuity issue, 59, 62–65
and PWA movement, 90–91
safe-sex education, 96
Stayin’ Alive (memoir), 48
Bernard, Edward, 149
Berry, Delores, 17
Best Friends (D.C. organization), 139
Beth Israel Medical Center (New York), 68
Betty (rock group), 78
BGM (publication), 32
Bihari, Bernard, 151–52, 197–98
Black and White Men Together, 82, 84
black churches
and AIDS crisis in D.C., 85–87
and AIDS crisis in New York, 139, 213
gay churches, 87
homophobia/attitudes on homosexuality, 17–18, 86–87, 139, 172, 213, 241–42
Black Coalition on AIDS (San Francisco), 139
black community, AIDS crisis and. See AIDS crisis and the black community
black community and homosexuality, 79, 87–89, 170, 171–72, 179–82, 209–14, 291–92, 295–96
black gay and lesbian community
AIDS crisis and, ix, 84–85, 112–13, 120, 138–43, 212–13, 216, 262
the black church, 17–18, 86, 139, 172, 213, 241–42
feminists, 28–29, 76–77, 155, 174–75
and interracial relationships, 207–9
NCBLG, 17, 41–42, 79–80, 88, 111–13
and racial identity, 17, 172, 181–82, 204–5
and racism in the white gay movement, 76, 79–83, 115–16, 141–42, 169–71, 212–16
Riggs’s films, 204–5
“second Harlem Renaissance,” xi, 32, 141, 172–75
See also Washington, D.C.’s black gay and lesbian community
Black Gay and Lesbian Leadership Forum (BGLLF), 233–34, 295
Black Gay Men United (Oakland), 139, 215
Black Is . . . Black Ain’t (film), 237, 294–95, 300
Black Men’s Network (Delaware), 215
black nationalism, 171–72, 208, 209–11, 295
Black Nations/Queer Nations?, 303
Black Panthers, 10, 81–82
Black Radical Congress and Principles of Unity, 87–88
Black Scholar, 77
Blackberri, 52, 157
Blackheart collective, 36, 42, 107, 111, 115–16
Blacklight magazine, 16, 17, 172, 293
Blacklight Press (Washington, D.C.), 115
Blackmun, Harry, 122–23
Black/Out (NCBLG magazine), 111, 114–15, 142, 172–73
Blaxton, Reginald G., 85–86
BLK (journal), 172–73
Block, Adam, 159–60
Blue Dolphin (San Francisco), 157
Blues Alley (D.C. club), 35
Body Politic (Toronto-based gay paper), 58–59, 68
Bond, Julian, 87
Boozer, Melvin, 89
Borland, Peter, 244–45, 325n12
Boston Globe, 57
Boston Phoenix, 6–7
Boston University (BU), 1, 4–8
Bowers v. Hardwick (1986), 122–24, 154
Boyd, Randy, 235
Boykin, Keith, 87, 210
Bradford National Corporation, 11
Brandt, Pam, 51–52
Brass Rail (D.C. club), 80
Brazile, Donna, 88–89
Brinkley, Sidney, 16, 110, 115
Brooks, Gwendolyn, 34
Brother to Brother: New Writings by Black Men, 115, 167–72, 175–82, 232–34, 240–41, 292
Dorothy Beam and, 167–68, 182
Harris’s poem “Hope Against Hope,” 179
Hemphill and, 167–72, 175–82, 232–34, 240–41
Hemphill’s introduction, 169–73, 321n14
reviews and responses, 176–78, 240–41
Riggs and, 180, 181–82
section on AIDS (“Hold Tight Gently”), 177, 178–79
Washington Post Book World controversy, 232–33
Brown, Rita Mae, 28
Brown, Sterling, 30
Bucchino, John, 281
Buchanan, Pat, 73
Buckley, William, 154
Buena Vista (musical group), 51, 52, 157
Bunch, Charlotte, 28
Burkett, Elinor, 317n14
Burrell, Walter Rico, 178
Burroughs Wellcome, 129, 187
But Then, She’s Betty Carter (film), 30
Butts, Rev. Calvin, 139
Cabrini Hospital (NYC), 286–87
Callaloo (journal), 77
Callen, Barbara Ann, 2–3, 7, 43–44, 259, 276, 287–89, 328n18
Callen, Barry, 2–3, 288, 289
Callen, Clifford, 2–3, 7, 43–45, 287–89
Callen, Linda, 2, 7
Callen, Mike, xi–xii, 1–15, 43–73, 101–3, 124–38, 156–66, 194–203, 218–23, 227–31, 247–61, 271–90
and ACT-UP, 129, 164, 192, 194–96, 222, 257
AIDS status rumors/debates over, 134–35, 279
and amfAR, 199
and AZT controversy, 128–31
book projects, 130, 160–61, 164, 249, 320n12
and Bowers decision, 123
clashes with GMHC leadership, 62–65, 67, 90, 120, 134, 195
conversations with long-term survivors, 126, 132–33, 136–37, 164, 230, 277, 317n14
and CRI, 146–47, 149–52, 162, 164, 194–98, 229
“Dinosaur’s Diary” (QW column), 254–55, 259
disdain for New Age nostrums, 131–32, 164, 272
and “drugs into bodies” slogan, 129, 131, 222, 229, 273
European holiday with Dworkin (1984), 101–3
feminism, 7–8, 12, 51, 67, 70, 102, 152, 194, 218, 253, 260
final days and death, 282–90, 328n17
HIV theories, 97–101, 126–29, 230
How to Have Sex in an Epidemic (1983 pamphlet), 68–71, 90
and Krim, 198–200
on living with AIDS, 125, 136
Los Angeles move, 250–53, 258, 282
on Magic Johnson, 235
New York Native article with Berkowitz, 47–51, 55–59, 94
Newsline editorship, 93, 121, 126, 134–35, 194, 200–201
the O Boys and group-based sex, 251–53
on promiscuity issue, 59, 62–65, 95, 126–27, 219
and PWA movement, 12, 67–68, 91–93, 120–21, 125–26, 131, 151, 198–201
relationship with Dworkin, 51–52, 54–55, 101–3, 125, 136, 159, 201, 247–51, 259–60, 275–76, 282, 287–90
safe-sex issue, 63–71, 93–96, 162–64, 201, 218–21, 231, 260–61
and Sonnabend’s multifactorial theory, 97–101, 126–27
speech to NY congressional delegation, 70–72
tour of NY bathhouse scene, 93–97
Callen, Mike (early life)
at Boston University, 1, 4–8
coming out, 7
early homosexual experiences, 5–6, 11–12
foray into gay politics, 6–7
Hamilton, Ohio, 1–4
high school harassment, 4
parents and homosexuality, 2–3, 7, 43–45, 287–88, 320n10
post-graduation NYC, 8–15
Callen, Mike (health)
alternative/experimental therapies, 132–34, 164, 272–75, 327n3
Bactrim treatments, 53, 145
chemotherapy, 258–59, 271, 275, 277
declining health, 200, 218, 227, 249–50, 254–59, 271–75, 279–90
early persistent, mysterious illnesses and STDs, 1, 8–9, 12–13, 52–54, 134
final days, 282–90, 328n17
hospitalizations, 52–54, 124–25, 134, 254–55, 274–75, 287–88
KS diagnosis and lesions, 134–35, 164, 200, 218, 249–50, 257, 271–75, 286
pulmonary KS, 254–55, 257–59, 271–75, 277, 327n3
as S
onnabend’s patient, 9–13, 46–47, 53, 127, 134–35, 230, 258
Callen, Mike (music), 51–52, 156–60, 164–66, 201–3, 253–54, 259, 275–79, 319–20n10
“Better in the Moonlight,” 275
cabaret singing, 4, 8, 44
the Flirtations (a capella), 164–66, 201–3, 221–22, 250, 253–54, 278–81, 285
Legacy album, 160, 275–82, 286, 290
“Living in Wartime,” 158
“Love Don’t Need a Reason,” 158–59, 160, 278, 320n10, 327n8
Lowlife (band), 51–52, 156–57, 158, 160
Purple Heart album, 158–60, 276, 285, 319–20n10
“Redesign the Family,” 281
singing voice, 159, 160, 201, 276–77
“Sometimes Not Often Enough,” 281
songwriting, 124, 125, 158–60, 253, 275, 320n10
“Two Men Dance the Tango,” 279, 281
“We’ve Had Enough,” 277
Campbell, Bobbi (“Sister Florence Nightmare”), 66–67, 90, 91–93
Carlomusto, Jean, 189
Carter, Colevia, 215
Casselberry and Du Pree, 36, 157
Catholic Church, 61, 138, 183–84, 187–88
Cavalieri, Grace, 33, 117–18
CBS News, 72
CD4 cells, 13, 45, 49, 127, 229–30
Center for Lesbian and Gay Studies (CLAGS), 196, 262
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), ix–x
and Bactrim as prophylaxis against PCP, 53
definition of AIDS, 55, 189
early report on disease among gay men (1981), 13–14
July 1982 announcement, 55
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly reports, 13, 45
spending on AIDS research, 154
treating AIDS as disease of gay white men, 84–85
virus theory, 56
women and AIDS, 85, 189
Chang, Yong, 214
Chavis, Ben, 210, 295
Cheeks, Rainey, 85
Chernov, Harvey, 148–49
Chez Panisse (restaurant), 281
Chicago Resource Center, 114–15
Christopher Street (magazine), 75
Christopher Street bookstore (NYC), 220
Cinqué, 34–35, 140
Cinqué, Joseph, 34–35
circumcision, 314n11, 326n9
City of Los Angeles Lifetime Achievement Award, 285
Claire (NYC restaurant), 60
Clarke, Cheryl, 78, 87, 175, 204
Clayborne, Jon L., 76
Cleary, Janet, 52
Cleaver, Eldridge, 171, 180
Cliff, Michelle, 76
Clinton, Bill/Clinton administration, 256, 262–63, 326n7
Club Baths (NYC), 93, 96–97
Clubhouse (D.C. dance club), 85
Coffeehouse (Washington, D.C.), 35–37, 78
Cohen, Cathy J., 84, 153, 154
Cohn, Roy, 149
Color Adjustment (film), 236
Coltrane, John, 27
Committee for Open Gay Bars, 81