prisoner-of-war camps 76, 77–8, 236
prisoners of war 35, 78, 292–3
izzat (honour) 188
Jaffer, M. D. 278
Jain, B. P. 91
Jaipur 138, 139
Jaipur, Maharaja of 7
Jallianwala Bagh massacre (1919) 44
Jamshedpur: Tata Steel 85, 152, 166
Janbaz, Ghulum Nabi 16
Jang ki Kabren and Duniya (propaganda paper) 224
Janki, Mussamat 70, 71
Japan/Japanese
attack on Imphal (1942) 161
battle of Imphal (1944) 245–9, 282
and bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki 301
bombing of Pearl Harbor 92, 93
Bose and ix, 216, 218–19
and China 10, 92, 99, 117, 119, 142
and defection by Indian Army 18
Indian attitudes to 112–13, 117, 121, 135, 161, 176, 183, 224, 247—8
Indian fear of invasion by xv, 10, 94–5, 97–8, 109, 113–14, 115, 176, 177
in Indian prisoner-of-war camps 112
invasion of Burma 99–100, 103, 109, 119–20
occupation of Andaman Islands 127, 128, 129–31
occupation of Malaya and Singapore 93–4, 116–19, 294
prisoner-of-war camps 112, 118, 294–5
propaganda 133
in South Pacific Islands 295
surrender 301–2, 303
Jats 22, 26, 71
Jews 9, 13–14, 255
Jha, Alok 96–7
Jharkhand 162
Jinnah, Muhamad Ali xii, 10, 16, 106, 109, 135–6, 164, 198, 285
Jodhpur, prince of 7
Johnson, Louis 146
Joschkowitz, Mr (Jewish refugee) 14
Jung, Carl 255, 256
jute 165–6, 174, 211
Kali, Abdul 147–8
Kamtekar, Indivar 121, 176–7
Kandou, Joseph 292
Kantan, Nila 29, 34, 230–31
Karachi xv, 1, 13, 320
Anglo-American shop 243
brothels 239, 278
Chinese canteens 155
Coca Cola plant 156
Cripps Mission (1942) 132
hospitals 250, 252
industrial families 308
influx of foreign soldiers 143, 239
Naval Control Service 2
Polish community 290
and requisitioning 154, 165
Kartar Singh 72, 231, 312–13
Kashmir, Maharaja of 7
Katjus 53
Kaushal, Dr Baldev 46
Kazak refugees 123
Kemp, Arthur, District Magistrate 162
Keren, battle for (1944) 39, 62–8, 70, 75, 227, 230–31, 311
Keshav 112
Khaksars 9, 136, 286
Khan, Dera Ismail 39
Khan, Gheba 67
Khan, General Gul Hassan 302
Khan, Mohammed 28
Khan, Sir Muhammad Zafarullah 57
Khan, Naik Boota 236–7
Khan, Shah Nawaz ix–x, 216–17, 304–5
Khan, Sayeed Hasan 40
Khan, Subedar Sharin 311
Khan, Sikander Hyat 38, 221
Khojas 308
Khosla, G. S. 211
kisans (peasants) 16
Kishorsinhji (Rajput soldier) 25
Kismet (film) 238–9
Knowles, Ivan 64, 65
Koener, Brendan: Now the Hell Will Start 262
Koenigsberger, Otto 139
Kohima xiii, 245, 246, 247, 248
Korda, Alexander: The Drum 145
Korengei: camp 161
Kripalani, Sucheta 60, 179, 182, 183–5, 215
Krishna, Ram 137
Kukis, the 248
Kumaonis, the 26, 238
Kumar, Ashok 238–9
Labu, Sheikh 50
Lahore x, 30, 140
arrests 13—14, 16, 60
family businesses 168, 308
rebellion 221
and victories in North Africa 68
Lahures 30, 31, 39–40
Lam, Mira 46
Lascars 34, 46–50, 84, 86, 278, 288, 317–18
Laxmibai of Jhansi 184, 198
Ledo 259, 260
Ledo Road 148, 161–2, 259–64, 269, 270, 298
Life magazine 107, 139, 263
Limaye, Nilubhai 190, 196
Limbu, Santamaya 32
Limbus 29
Linlithgow, Lady Doreen 5, 70
Linlithgow, Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of, Viceroy of India 5–7, 146
and Afghan frontier 20
and Churchill 6, 68, 191
and collection of War Fund 53, 54
Cripps distinguishes himself from 133
and discrimination in evacuation policy 120
and Duke of Gloucester’s tour (1942) 173
and Gandhi 84, 135, 177
letters to 40, 68, 84, 96, 150, 177, 206, 209
and Polish refugees 125
and princes of India 7, 8, 139
and Quit India movement 179, 184, 191, 195
retires 212
literacy rate 57
Liverpool: Lascars 48
Lloyd’s of London 288
London
Blitz 46, 53, 114
celebrations of Indian Independence 316–17
Indian restaurants 318
O’Dwyer assassination 44–5
London Central Mosque 308
Lucknow 3, 298
Lutheran missionaries 13
Lynn, Vera 222
Lyons, Rupert 230
Macdonald, Ian Hay 2–3, 12, 40–41, 70, 74, 89, 114, 151, 156, 283
Mackenzie, Compton: All Over the Place 230, 307, 321
McKenzie, Isobel 245
Madras 82, 97, 115–16, 173, 185, 221, 254
District Welfare Board 37
evacuees from Burma 104–5, 106
German bomber exhibited 172
Madrassis 26, 260
Maharaja, HMS 129
maharajas and princes 7–8, 137, 138, 139
Majid, Abdul 49
Malaya/Malayan peninsula 94, 105, 116, 117, 118, 294, 303
Malpur State 24
Malta/Maltese 123, 132
Mangal Singh 29
Manipur 100, 163, 246–7, 249
Manipur Road 158, 160
Manto, Saadat Hasan 222
Marwaris (traders) 85, 103, 105, 115
Matlab, Abdul 119
Mecca 308
medical advances 86, 253, 254–5
medical services 215, 249—53, 254–5
see also hospitals
Mehta, Chitra: I Fought for My Country’s Freedom 181
Mehta, Gaganvihari 184
Meiteis, the 248
Memons 308
memorials and monuments xii, 319, 320
Menon, Krishna 48, 175–6, 195–6, 316–17
Menon, Raghavan 321
Mersey Mission to Seafarers 47
Messervy, Colonel Frank 65
MI5 176, 317
Mia, Dila 276
Mian, Atur 49
Mian Sahib, Zahid Ali 191
Midnapore 163, 185, 192, 204, 242
Military Pioneer Corps 46
Military Police 149, 239, 241, 277, 278, 307
militias and militarism 136–8, 285–6
Miralam 318–19
Mohan Singh 118
Monte Cassino (1944) xiii, 234, 282, 311, 312
Moon, Penderel 56, 195, 308
Moorehead, Alan 146
Moradabad 297
General Hospital 256
Moraes, Frank: Witness to an Era 262, 302–3
‘Mother May Ask Where My Son Has Gone’ (folk song) 32–3
Mountbatten, Lord Louis 222
Mukherjee, Janam: Hungry Bengal … 206
Mukherji, Santosh: Indian Sex Life and Prostitution 242
Munshiganj 97
Murdeshwar, M. D. 286
Muslim–Hindu divisions 135–6, 186,
300
Muslim League xii, 57, 60, 106, 119, 123, 136, 137, 138, 164, 168, 192, 198, 221, 281, 285, 300, 304, 308
National Guards 9, 136
Working Committee 136
Mussolini, Benito 9
Mussoorie hill station 2
Myitkyina 259, 282
Mysore 139
Mysore, Maharaja of 170
Nabanna (New Harvest) (play) 221–2
Nagaland 246–8, 249
Nagas, the 101, 102, 159–60, 248, 263, 264
Nagasaki, bombing of (1945) 301
Narayan, T. G.: Famine Over Bengal 215
Nawanagar, Maharaja Jam Sahib of 7, 124
Naya Sansar (film) 86
Nehru, Jawaharlal 5, 182
and Aruna Ali 303
and Asaf Ali 199, 281
bicycle riding 156
on censorship 41
and Chiang Kai-shek 106
and Congress/Raj divisions 139, 147, 177, 183
and Cripps Mission 133, 177, 196
defends INA men x, 304
friendships 48, 146, 269
imprisonment xv, 58, 179, 183, 199, 281, 282, 303
interest in international politics 9
on Lord Linlithgow 5
love of gardening 281
and nuclear energy 301
and O’Dwyer’s murder 45
policies as Prime Minister xvi
and Russia 82, 90
on War Fund 52
and the war xv, 10, 11, 23, 249
Who’s Who entry 199
Nepal 29, 30, 39–40, 228–9, 315
porters 262
see also Gurkhas
Nepal, Maharaja of see Rana, Maharaja Juddha Shumsher
Nepal State Army 315
‘Netaji’ see Bose, Subhas Chandra
New Britain 295
New Guinea 294, 295
New Statesman and Nation 194, 195
newspapers 41, 69—70, 78, 122—3, 124, 134, 186, 196, 224, 225, 242, 269, 279, 288, 317
Nicobar Island: earthquake (1941) 80
Nilgiri Hills: rebellion (1942) 192
Nizamuddin, Sir Khawaja 242
North African campaigns 18, 21, 34, 35–6, 62, 68–9, 71–2, 76–7, 90, 147, 176, 187, 221
North-West Frontier Province 6, 21
District Welfare Board 37
nuclear energy 301
Oberoi, Mohan Singh 169–70
O’Dwyer, Sir Michael 44–5
Office of American War Information 151, 156–7
Ooty 115
Operation Barbarossa 90
opium 162, 254, 278–9
Orissa/Orissans 6, 118
famine 201, 205
Indian Civil Service 2, 3, 13, 283
insurrection 185, 193
and ‘scorched earth’ policy 95, 96
slaughter of cattle 202
Orwell, George 93, 133
Burmese Days 55
Osten, Franz 13
Padden Rowe (Special Branch detective) 287
paddy fields, requisitioning of 162–5
Pakistan xii, xv, 285, 308, 319, 320
celebration of Independence 316–17
Palestine 9, 19, 21
Palmer, Lacy 291
Palmer, Stafford Wilkie 290–91
Pant, Pandit 9
Partition (1947) xii, xv, xvi, 208, 300, 303, 306, 318, 319, 320
riots 192, 314
Patel, Sardar 179, 281
Pathans xi, 20, 22, 26
Patiala 63, 137
Patiala, Maharaja of 70–71
Pawley, William 170
Peace Pledge Union 194
Pearl Harbor, bombing of (1941) 92, 93
Pegu Yamas 302
penicillin 252–3
People’s War, The (newspaper) 279–80
Perry, Herman 261–2, 263
Pert, Brigadier Claude 250
Pert, Lilian 250–52
Pethick-Lawrence, Frederick Pethick-Lawrence, 1st Baron, Secretary of State for India 241
Philippines, the 117
PIA (Pakistan International Airlines) 172, 308
Pick, General Lewis 148
Pilcher, Colonel A. H.: Navvies to the Fourteenth Army 158
Pillai, Havildar Kuttan 315
Pillarisetti, Sulochana Simhadri 109–10
Pinnell, Lionel 210–11
Pioneer Companies 262
Pohlmann, Mrs (Jewish refugee) 14
police, Indian 3, 11–13, 15, 16, 55, 149, 279, 289, 316
and Quit India protests 180, 191, 192, 193, 195, 198–9
see also Military Police
Polish refugees 123–5, 289–90
Poona 37, 186, 190, 241, 290
artificial limb centre 253
hospital 252, 256
Porbandar 138
Portal, Mrs G. E. 252
Post Office/post offices 15, 38–9, 161, 177, 186, 187, 284, 285
posters 41
poverty 25, 48, 56—7, 143, 144, 241
Prasad, Dr Rajendra, President of India 11, 82
Prebble, Eric 149, 254
Prince of Wales, HMS 94
princes see maharajas and princes
prisoner of war camps
German 77
Indian 78, 112
Italian 76–7, 236
Japanese 112, 118, 294–5
prisoners of war
German 78, 292
Indian 76–8, 129, 216, 236, 293–5, 319
Italian 78, 292–3
Prome, SS 48
propaganda 40, 41, 88–9, 196, 208, 222, 223–4, 232, 288
Axis 40–41, 45, 187–8, 233–4, 243
prostitutes/prostitution 108, 144, 149, 239–40, 241–4, 278, 298
Provincial Congress Committees 58
Punjab/Punjabis
District Welfare Boards 37–8
famine (1940) 24, 56
Governor see Craik, Henry
and Indian National Army 118
Legislative Assembly 45, 69
postwar 314, 316, 318
propaganda efforts 41
recruitment to Indian Army 16, 22, 28, 29, 238
requisitioning of land 163–4
Unionist government 220—21
victories in North Africa 68–9
and War Fund donations 54
see also Lahore; Patiala
Purandhar prisoner-of-war camp 78
Puri 53
Quakers 108, 194
Queen Alexandra’s Nursing Corps 214, 272–3
Quetta 136
protests and punishments 180, 181, 182–6, 191–5
Quraishi, Manzoor Alam 41, 52, 136
Qureshi, A. A. 169
racial discrimination and segregation
British 3, 4, 107, 113, 119–20
in America 113, 152, 268–9
in American Army 267–8, 269–70
in Indian Army 71–3, 75
in Red Cross canteens 267–8
and the Japanese 112
see also caste system
Radical Democratic Party 91
radio(s) 1, 40–41, 223, 224, 225, 229
see also All India Radio
RAF see Royal Air Force
railways 3, 16, 115, 116, 118, 119, 158, 160–61, 165, 185, 186, 194, 200, 209, 211, 316
Raina, Lt-Colonel B. L. 249
Raipur 111
Rais 29
Raj, Mulk 16
Rajasthan 22, 26
District Welfare Board 37
Rajputana: recruitment in 227–8
Rajputs 7–8, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27
Ralli, Charles 1, 2
Ralli, Sydney 1, 2, 80, 154
Ram, Bhuja 67
Ram, Subedar Puranchand 63
Ram, Richpal 63, 64–7, 69, 70, 71, 76
Ram, Shankar 169
Ram, Subedar-Major Tota 66
Ramachandran, P. C. 171
Ram Gopal Ensem
ble 290
Ramgarh: camp 78, 270, 271
Rampur 138
Rana, Maharaja Jhuddha Shumsher 8, 30, 31, 315
Ranchi 111
General Hospital 252, 256
Randev, Baijneth 318–19
Rangoon 98, 99, 100, 119–20
Rao, Benegal Dinker 100
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) 9
Ratnagiri (a Lascar) 50
Rau, Sir Benegal Rama 286–7
Rau, Santha Rama 4
Ray, R. E. A. 275
recruitment (into IA) 7, 18, 22, 23–9, 63, 220, 221, 224, 227–8
in Nepal 29–33, 228–30
medal for 220
resistance to 16–17, 31, 61, 227
and War Fund 53
Red Cross 53, 155, 156, 172, 225, 267–8, 272–3, 288, 292, 295
segregated canteens 267–8
Red Fort, New Delhi ix, x
refugees /displaced persons xiv, 122–3
from Burma 99–106, 107, 122, 176
Jewish 9, 14, 255
Polish 123–5, 289–90
Reid, Robert, Governor of Assam 54
Reiss, Irwin 264, 265
Reliance jute mill 165–6
Remington Rand (firm) 156
Repulse, HMS 94
requisitioning 162–6, 172, 185, 247
Reserve Bank of India 51
restaurants 89, 169
Chinese 155
Indian, in Britain 318
reverse lend-lease 168
RIAF see Royal Indian Air Force
rice shortages 95, 97, 164, 165, 167, 205, 206, 209–10, 211, 298
rickshaw drivers 275–7
road-building 158–61, see also Ledo Road
Robeson, Paul 269
Rommel, General Erwin 76, 176, 187
Roosevelt, Franklin D., President 146, 151–2, 269
Rose, Egland see Roze, Eglind
Ross Island 81, 129–30
Roy, M. N. 91, 186
Royal Air Force (RAF) xiii, 20, 67, 102, 154, 163, 168, 169, 171, 317
Royal Army Medical Corps 202, 214
Royal Indian Air Force (RIAF) 20, 163, 169, 171
Royal Indian Navy x, 184, 314, 320
Roze, Eglind 274–5
RSS see Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
Russell, L. W. 191
Russia/Russians 20–21, 56, 82, 90–91, 95, 123, 132, 282
Sabar Kantha 23–4
Sahgal, Prem Kumar ix–x
St John Ambulance 155
Salokhi (postmaster) 289
Sanchil, Mount 64
Sangar Hill 64–7
Sastri, S. M. Y. 184
Satara 78, 185
satyagraha (passive resistance) 57–8, 85
Saville, John: Memoirs from the Left 143
Schmertz, Margaret G. 272
scientific advances 86
Scindia company 110
seamen/sailors, Indian see Lascars
Sehgal, Lakshmi 304–5
Sen, Amartya: Poverty and Famines 210
Sen, D. M. 195
Sen, Nandita 299
Senapati, Trilochan 182
Sepoy Mutiny (1857) 184
serangs (Lascar bosses) 48
sexually-transmitted diseases see venereal disease
Shaw, George Bernard 59, 194
Shaw, Mrs (camp overseer) 161