47 Peter Finn, “Guantanamo Bay Detainee Brought to U.S. for Trial,” Washington Post, June 10, 2009.
48 Thomas Joscelyn, “Smearing America in Defense of a Terrorist: On the Anti-Americanism of Ghailani’s Pro Bono Counsel,” Weekly Standard, November 18, 2010, http://www.weeklystandard.com/blogs/smearing-america-defense-terrorist_518167.html?page=1.
49 Benjamin Weiser, “Judge Bars Major Witness from Terrorism Trial,” New York Times, October 6, 2010.
50 Ibid.
51 Benjamin Weiser, “Report Shows Detainee’s Insight into Legal Process,” New York Times, September 26, 2010.
52 Benjamin Weiser, “Ghailani’s Lawyers Detail Terror Defense Strategy,” New York Times, January 17 2011.
53 Benjamin Weiser, “Trial Omitted Statements by Ghailani,” New York Times, November 17, 2010.
54 Joscelyn, “Smearing America.”
55 Ibid.
56 Weiser, “Ghailani’s Lawyers.”
57 Chad Bray, “Tanzanian Man Was Active Member of Bomb Plot, Prosecutor Says,” New York Times, November 8, 2010.
58 Chad Bray and Evan Perez, “Man Convicted in ’98 Attacks,” New York Times, November 18, 2010.
59 Thomas Joscelyn, “Holder’s Sham Trial,” Weekly Standard, November 29, 2010.
60 Jocelyn, “Smearing America.”
61 John Podhoretz, “Center for Constitutional Rights,” Commentary, November 18, 2010.
62 Diane Marie Amann, “A Proper Conviction,” New York Times, November 18, 2010.
63 Elise Cooper, “How the Feds Bungled the Ghailani Trial,” FrumForum, November 26, 2010, www.frumforum.com.
64 “Bush AG Attorney General: Eric Holder Made ‘Wrong’ Decision,” Real Clear Politics, November 19, 2010.
65 Benjamin Wittes, “Lawfare: Hard National Security Choices,” December 2, 2010, Lawfareblog.com.
66 Personal conversation.
67 Michael Walzer, “Symposium: The Killing of Bin Laden,” Dissent, May 10, 201 1.
CHAPTER 7—VERDICTS
1 Scott Shane, “U.S. Approves Targeted Killing of American Cleric,” New York Times, April 6, 2010.
2 “Terrorists Believed to be Planning Attack in Berlin,” Der Spiegel, November 20, 2010, http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/0,1518,730236,00.html.
3 Andrew Lebovich, “The LWOT: AQAP Releases New ‘Inspire’ Magazine; Germany Attack Fears Intensify,” Foreign Policy, November 23, 2010.
4 “Gordon Brown: 75% of UK Terror Plots Originate in Pakistan, Gaby Hinsliff in Islamabad,” The Guardian, December 14, 2008, guardian.co.uk.
5 P. W. Singer, “We, Robot,” Slate, May 19, 2010.
6 Ibid.
7 Ibid.
8 Laurie Goodstein, “A Nation Challenged: The American Muslims; Influential American Muslims Temper Their Tone,” New York Times, October 19, 2001, http://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/19/us/nation-challenged-american-muslims-influential-american-muslims-temper-their.html?pagewanted=2&src=pm.
9 “New Evidence suggests Radical Cleric Anwar al Awlaki Was an Overlooked Key Player in 9/11 Plot,” Fox News, May 20, 2011, http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2011/05/20/new-evidence-suggests-radical-cleric-anwar-al-awlaki-overlooked-key-player-11/.
10 Anwar al-Awlaki, Inspire magazine, January 2011.
11 Alexander Meleagrou-Hitchens, “The Voice of Terror,” Foreign Policy, January 18, 2011, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/01/18/voice_of_terror.
12 “Keynote Address at GEOINT Conference by Charles E. Allen, Under Secretary for Intelligence and Analysis/Chief Intelligence Officer,” Department of Homeland Security, October 28, 2008.
13 Anwar Awlaki, interview on Al Jazeera, December 24, 2009.
14 Thomas Joscelyn, CBS News, May 24, 2010.
15 Lebovich, “The LWOT.”
16 “44 Ways to Support Jihad,” February 5, 2009, www.nefafoundation.org.
17 Meleagrou-Hitchens, “The Voice of Terror.”
18 Inspire magazine, January 2011.
19 Marc Thiessen, “Al Qaeda’s American Bred Leadership,” Washington Post, March 10, 2011, http://voices.washingtonpost.com/postpartisan/2011/03/al-qaedas_american-bred_leader.html.
20 CSIS Report, “A Threat Transformed: Al Qaeda and Associated Movements in 2011,” 22–23.
21 Editorial, “U.S. Approves Targeted Killing of American Cleric,” New York Times, April 6, 2010.
22 David Sanderson, “BA Worker Jailed for 30 Years for Plotting to Blow Up Plane,” The Times (London), March 19, 2011.
23 Ibid.
24 Margaret Coker, “Al Qaeda in Yemen Publishes Attack Details,” Wall Street Journal, November 21, 2010.
25 Lebovich, “The LWOT.”
26 David J. Rusin, “Everybody Remember Molly Norris Day,” May 20, 2011, www.islamist-watch.org.
27 Ibid.; and David J. Rusin, “On the Advice of the FBI, Cartoonist Molly Norris Disappears from View,” Seattle Weekly, September 15, 2010.
28 Chris McGreal, “Prime Suspect in Cargo Plane Bomb Plot: Anwar al-Awlaki,” The Guardian, October 31, 2010, http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/oct/31/cargo-plane-bomb-suspect-anwar-al-awlaki.
29 “Al-Awlaki urges American killings,” Al Jazeera, November 9, 2010. U.S.-born Islamic cleric Anwar al-Awlaki calls in a video message upon Muslims around the world to kill U.S. citizens.
30 Lebovich, “The LWOT.”
31 Benjamin Wittes, “Initial Thoughts on the ACLU-CCR Al-Aulaqi Brief,” October 9, 2010, Lawfareblog.com.
32 Thomas Joscelyn, “Anwar al Awlaki’s License to Kill,” Weekly Standard, November 11, 2010.
33 Ibid.
34 Kenneth Anderson, “Judge Bates Dismisses Al-Aulaqi Case,” Opinio Juris, December 2010, opiniojuris.org.
35 Barack Obama, “Speech on National Security and American Values,” May 21, 2009, http://www.dailykos.com/tv/w/001364/.
36 “Obama Ratifies Bush—The Administration embraces military tribunals at Gitmo,” Wall Street Journal, March 8, 2011.
37 Benjamin Wittes, “Time for Obama to Embrace Guantanamo,” January 21, 2011, Lawfareblog.com.
38 Thomas Joscelyn, “Gitmo Recidivism Rate Soars,” Weekly Standard, December 7, 2010.
39 Thomas Joscelyn, “State Department Designates Former Gitmo Detainee Turned AQAP Commander,” Long War Journal, June 16, 2011.
40 Thomas Joscelyn, “John Brennan is Still Wrong on Gitmo Detainees,” Weekly Standard, May 13, 2011, http://www.weeklystandard.com/blogs/john-brennan-still-wrong-gitmo-detainee_560982.html?page=2.
41 Joscelyn, “Gitmo Recidivism.”
42 Thomas Joscelyn, “Ex Gitmo Detainee Training Libyan Rebels in Derna,” Long War Journal , April 2, 2011.
43 Thomas Joscelyn, “Supreme Court Shuts Door on Gitmo Detainees’ Appeal,” Weekly Standard, April 19, 2011.
44 Editorial, “A Right without a Remedy,” New York Times, February 28, 2011.
45 Richard A. Serrano, “Obama to Resume Military Trials for Guantanamo Bay, Cuba Detainees,” Los Angeles Times, March 8, 2011.
46 Clive Stafford-Smith, “This Plan Just Perpetuates the Prisoners’ Legal Limbo,” Independent (London), March 9, 2010.
47 Peter Finn and Anne E. Kornblut, “Obama Creates Indefinite Detention System for Prisoners at Guantanamo Bay,” Washington Post, March 8, 2011.
48 “Guantanamo: The Prison That Won’t Go Away,” New York Times, March 8, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/09/opinion/09wed2.html.
49 Dahlia Lithwick, “Cowardly, Stupid, and Tragically Wrong,” Slate, April 4, 2011.
50 Editorial, “Is Obama a War Criminal Yet?,” Washington Times, March 8, 2011, http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/mar/8/is-obama-a-war-criminal-yet/.
51 Benjamin Wittes, “Is Guantanamo Just a Legacy Problem?,” December 27, 2010, Lawfareblog.com.
52 Daniel Halper, “While Announcing KSM Decision, Holder Attacks Congress,” Weekly Standard, April 4, 2011.
53 Peter Fedynsky, VOA News, April 15, 2011.
CHAPTER 8—JUSTI
1 Bob Fertik, “Dick Cheney Had a Death Squad,” Democrats.com, March 9, 2011, www.democrats.com/dick-cheney-had-a-death-squad.
2 Luiza Ch. Savage, “Did Torture Help the U.S. Find bin Laden?,” Macleans.ca, May 25, 2011.
3 Ken Dilanian, “From Attorney General: McCain ‘Simply Incorrect’ on Interrogations That Led to Key Bin Laden Intelligence,” Los Angeles Times, May 12, 2011.
4 John Yoo, “From Guantanamo to Abbottabad,” Wall Street Journal, May 4, 2011.
5 Michael Hayden, “Birthers, Truthers, and Interrogation Deniers,” Wall Street Journal, June 2, 2011.
6 Ibid.
7 Ilya Somin, “Admiral Yamamoto and the Justification of Targeted Killing,” May 13, 2011, lawkipedia.com.
8 Harold Koh, Opinio Juris, May 19, 2011, opiniojuris.org.
9 Joe Coscarelli, “Noam Chomsky on Osama Bin Laden: George W. Bush’s Crimes ‘Vastly Exceed’ Bin Laden’s,” Village Voice blog, May 9, 2011.
10 Judith Miller, Fox News, May 9, 2011.
11 Gerald Steinberg, “Human Rights Watch Challenges bin Laden Killing: Odious Immoral Equivalence,” NGO Monitor, May 4, 2011.
12 “Germany’s Moral Warriors,” Wall Street Journal online, May 6, 2011.
13 Steven Erlanger, “In Europe, Disquiet over Bin Laden and U.S.” New York Times, May 5, 2011, www.nytimes.com/2011/05/06/world/europe/06europe.html?pagewanted=all.
14 Robin Simcox, “Amnesty International is Keeping Dubious Company,” Radio Free Europe, Radio Liberty, May 16, 2011.
15 Ibid.
16 Christopher Hitchens, “Death of a Madman,” Slate, May 2, 2011, http://www.slate.com/id/2292687/.
17 Michael Walzer, “Symposium: The Killing of bin Laden,” Dissent, May 10, 2011.
18 Quoted by John Q. Barrett, Jackson List, May 3, 2011. Justice Jackson, speech to the American Society of International Law, April 13, 1945, www.roberthjackson.org/the-man/speeches-articles/speeches/speeches-by-robert-h-jackson/the-rule-of-law-among-nations/.
EPILOGUE
1 George Orwell, “Who Are the War Criminals,” Tribune, October 22, 1943, http://orwell.ru/library/articles/criminals/english/e_crime.
2 Ibid.
3 Lord Shawcross, GBE, QC, letter to Arthur Suzman, QC, Johannesburg, South Africa, May 3, 1977, 229.
4 Ibid.
5 John Yoo, War by Other Means (New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2006), 20.
6 Gabriel Schoenfeld, “Legalism in Wartime,” National Affairs, No. 7, Spring 2011, www.na-tionalaffairs.com/authors/detail/gabriel-schoenfeld.
7 Robert Chesney, “Consensus at the HASC Hearing on the Need for Flexibility?,” July 30, 2011, Lawfareblog.com.
8 Jack Goldsmith, “Mark Martins to be Chief Prosecutor, Military Commissions,” June 23, 2011, Lawfareblog.com.
9 Willy Stern, “Rebrander in Chief,” Weekly Standard, October 3, 2011.
10 Benjamin Wittes, “The Next Step in Establishing the Legitimacy of Military Commissions,” July 1, 2011, Lawfareblog.com.
11 Ibid.
12 Michael Mukasey, “Testimony of Michael B. Mukasey in Front of the Senate Armed Services Committee,” July 26, 2011.
13 Chesney, “Consensus at the HASC Hearing.”
14 Ibid.
15 Bill Roggio, “Pakistani Taliban Kidnap Young Girl to Turn Her Into a Suicide Bomber,” Long War Journal, June 20, 2011.
16 Reinhold Niebuhr, The Irony of American History, (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1952); cited in Abe Greenwald, “What We Got Right in the War on Terror,” Commentary, September 2011.
17 “Killing Awlaki,” Wall Street Journal, October 1, 2011.
18 John Bellinger III, “Will Drone Strikes Become Obama’s Guantanamo?,” Washington Post, October 2, 2011.
19 Keith Johnson, “Al Qaeda Remains Top Threat to U.S.,” New York Times, June 30, 2011.
20 “U.S. Favorable Ratings Plummet Across the Arab World, a Zogby Poll,” Al Jazeerah, July 19, 2011, www.aljazeerah.info/Opinion%20Editorials/2011/July/18%20o/US%20Favorable%20Ratings%20Plummet%20Across%20the%20Arab%20World,%20a%20Zogby%20Poll.htm.
21 Pascal Bruckner, The Tyranny of Guilt: An Essay on Western Masochism (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2010), op. cit., 218, 202.
INDEX
Abbottabad, Pakistan
Abdel-Rahman, Omar
Abdulmutallab, Umar Farouk
al-Awlaki and
rights
treatment of
at UCL
Abu Faraj, al-Libi
Abu Ghraib prison in Baghdad
Abu Ibrahim, al Almani
Abu Musab, al-Suri
ACLU. See American Civil Liberties Union
Adams, John
John Adams Project
Adebe, Hussein
Afghanistan
Bagram detention center
jihadism in
U.S. war in
Afghan-Soviet War
Aggressive war
as crime
nature of
Nazi leaders’ waging of
See also Crimes against peace
Ali, Muhammad
Ali Hamadi, Mohammed
Alibhai-Brown, Yasmin
Allen, Charles
Allies
Nuremberg Tribunal framework and
September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks and support from
Amann, Marie
American Bar Association
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)
al-Awlaki and
American embassy bombings
Amnesty International
Anti-Americanism
Anti-Semitism
AQAP. See Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula
Aqsa Mosque
Arab culture, Islam and influence of
Arab societies, governance of
Arab Spring
Arab Terrorism Convention
See also Terrorism
Arafat, Yasser
Arendt, Hannah
Army Field Manual
Article 5, NATO’s
Assange, Julian
Attlee, Clement
Authorization for the Use of Military Force (AUMF)
amending
bin Laden’s killing and
al-Awlaki, Anwar
Abdulmutallab and
ACLU and
in Britain
case against
CCR and
death of
Hasan’s correspondence with
human rights and
images of Mohammed and
influence of
Inspire (magazine)
Internet evangelism
Karim and
lone-wolf jihadists linked with
targeted killing
U.S. citizenship and
video lectures
in Yemen
Axelrod, David
al-Aziz Ali, Ali Abd
Azzam, Abdullah
jihadism and
Bagram, Afghanistan detention center
Bali, Indonesia nightclub bombing
al-Banna, Hassan
Bass, Gary
Bates, John
Bellinger, John
Berlin Wall
Bernstein, Robert
Bethofi, Ayman
Biddle, Francis
Ex Parte Quirin and
Biggar, Nigel
Bin Attash, Walid
bin Laden, Osama
AUMF and
intelligence leading to discovery of
in jihadist movement
Khomeini and
killing of
KSM and
in Pakistan
reactions to murder of
search for
September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks and
terrorist acts
Wahhabist background of
war declared on U.S. by
WMDs and
Binalshibh, Ramzi
Bingham, Tom
Black Septem
ber (terrorist group)
Blair, Tony
Bloomberg, Michael
Bolden, Charles
Bormann, Martin
Boumediene, Lakhdar
Boumediene v. Bush
Brady v. Maryland
Brennan, John
Britain
al-Awlaki in
Islamist extremism in
Muslims in
objections to military tribunal for Nazi war criminals
postwar general election
British War Crimes executive
Brown, Gordon
Brown, Scott
Bruckner, Pascal
Burleigh, Michael
Burlinghame, Charles
Burlinghame, Debra
Burundi
Bush, George W.
Boumediene v. Bush
Common Article 3 and
criticism of
“Detention, Treatment, and Trial of Certain Non-Citizens in the War Against Terrorism,”
enhanced interrogation techniques approved by
Geneva Conventions and
Guantanamo detainees and
Iraq occupation and
KSM’s capture and
Military Commissions Act
military commissions and
Obama and
September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks and
War on Terror
war paradigm
Cageprisoners
Caliphate, global
Cambodia
Khmer Rouge
mass graves in
Cameron, David
Capitol, September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks and
Carter, Jimmy
Case, George W., Jr.
Center for Constitutional Rights (CCR)
al-Awlaki and
drones and
Ghailani trial and
Cheney, Dick
Chesney, Robert
Chinese Uighurs
Chomsky, Noam
Choudhry, Roshonara
Churchill, Winston
justice for Nazi leaders and
C.I.A.
black sites
enhanced interrogation technique memos
CIPA. See Classified Information Procedure Act
Citizenship
“Detention, Treatment, and Trial of Certain Non-Citizens in the War Against Terrorism” and
U.S.
Civilian populations
Geneva Convention and
lawfare and
protection of
Al Qaeda and violence against
Classified Information Procedure Act (CIPA)