Murphy home, 28–29
National Steinbeck Center, 28–29, 28
Nesbitt house, 25, 26
Old Post Office, 30
Old Town, 21–27
Roosevelt School, 24–25
Salinas High School, 30
Sherwood Park, 15
Sperry Flour Mill, 18, 22, 29
Steinbeck family home, 18–21, 18
Steinbeck feed store, 20, 30
201 Main Street, 29
210–14 Main Street, 30
247 Main Street, 29
Wagner house, 23–24
map, 17
public book burning in, 26, 30, 157
social structure, 14, 16
Wanderers Club, 19
Salinas High School, 30
Salinas Index, 40
Salinas River, 7, 8, 33, 43, 67
Salinas Valley, 3, 4, 6, 6, 8–9, 65, 66, 142
agriculture in, 33–37, 44
history of, 9–10, 35
laborers in, 36, 37
locales
Corral de Tierra, 42–43, 137
Fort Hunter Liggett, 45
Fremont Peak, 37–39, 38
Hollister, 39
Jolon, 5, 44–45
King City, 47
Mission Soledad, 8, 44, 44
Mount Toro, 45
River Road, 44
Salinas River, 7, 8, 33, 43, 67
San Antonio de Padua Mission, 8, 46, 46
San Juan Bautista, 39
Spreckels Sugar Company, 40–42, 40, 41
map, 38
mountain ranges bordering, 7–8
as template for human struggles, 6–7
See also Monterey County
“Salinas Valley, The,” 21
See also East of Eden (1952)
Sam Hamilton (East of Eden), 66
San Antonio de Padua Mission, 8, 46, 46
San Antonio Valley, 44–46, 44
San Carlos Borromeo Mission, 69
San Francisco, 61
San Francisco Chronicle, 61, 149
San Francisco Examiner, 61
San Francisco News, 144
San Juan Bautista Mission, 8, 40
San Juan Grade Road, 38, 39–40
Santa Barbara, Mission architectural style of, 70
Santa Clara Valley, 151
Santa Cruz, 67
Santa Cruz Mountains, 151
Santa Lucia Range, 7, 34, 44
Santa Rosalia (Mexico), 163, 169
sardine industry, 116
Scotch Bakery (Pacific Grove), 98, 98
Scott, Elaine. See Steinbeck, Elaine Scott
Sea of Cortez (1941), 5, 10, 31, 93, 98, 100, 110, 124, 161, 165, 166
Sea of Cortez (Mexico), 162, 165–166, 168–169
sea otters, 105
Seaside, 67
Sentinel Point, 79
Serra, Junipero, 24, 69, 130
17–Mile Drive, 74, 75, 77, 78–79
Sheffield, Carlton, 53, 55, 60, 62–63, 155
Sheffield, Maryon, 63
Sheriff Quinn (East of Eden), 26
Sherwood Park (Salinas), 15
short–handled hoe, 39
Short Reign of Pippin IV: A Fabrication (1957), 53
Sierra Nevada mountains, 57–58, 71
Sinclair, Upton, 131
Slim Volume to End Slim Volumes, A (C. Steinbeck), 85
“Snake, The,” 110
Soledad, 5
Soledad Mission, 8, 44, 44
“southering,” 164
Southern Pacific Railroad, 30, 71, 73, 104
Sperry Flour Mill (Salinas), 18, 22, 29
Spreckels, Claus, 40, 74
Spreckels (Salinas Valley), 9, 40–42, 41, 49
Spreckels Sugar Factory, 14, 18, 40–42, 40, 41, 51, 54
Stackpole, Peter, 126
Stackpole, Robert, 156
Stanford, Jane, 50
Stanford, Leland, 50, 73
Stanford Spectator, 54, 55
Stanford University, 20, 48–49, 49, 50–55, 57, 104, 123
Stanford Women’s Unit for Relief Work in France, 55
Steffens home (Carmel), 139
Steffens, Lincoln, 135, 139, 156
Steinbeck, Beth (sister), 18
Steinbeck, Carol Henning (first wife), 21, 53, 60, 60, 63, 65, 83, 84–88, 93, 100, 104, 111, 132, 136, 137, 151, 156, 158, 158
A Slim Volume to End Slim Volumes, 85
collaboration on Steinbeck bust, 117
as editor for Steinbeck, 147, 157
friendship with Beth Ingels, 137
in Los Gatos, 141, 154–156
nude sportswomen series, 85
possible pregnancy, 87
relationship with Joseph Campbell, 114
Steinbeck, Elaine Scott (third wife), 27, 28, 31, 55, 79, 111, 131, 174, 174
Steinbeck, Esther (sister), 18, 20, 27, 67, 100
Steinbeck family home (Salinas), 18–21, 18
Steinbeck feed store (Salinas), 20, 30
Steinbeck, Gwyn Conger (second wife), 21, 24, 39, 61, 93, 124, 152, 164, 165, 174
Steinbeck House restaurant, 20–21
Steinbeck, John
aquarium deal proposed by, 104–105
archives, 55
burning of books written by, 26, 30, 155, 157
in Carmel, 132–135
childhood, 13–14, 18–21, 33
death and burial, 30–31, 31
dogs owned by, 59, 90–91, 165, 174
ecological and holistic thought, 104, 150
education, 21, 24–25, 49, 50–55, 104
employment
Bemis Brothers Bag Company, 61
in New York, 56–57
Spreckels Sugar Company, 42, 51, 54
fishing as pastime of, 111–112
gardens of, 89
as “have–not,” 42
honors suggested for, 26–27
images, 175
1908, 19
1919, 13
1930s, 83, 157
1938, 111
1945, 164
1948, 21
1960, 64–65, 79, 161
1960s, 175
1961, 11
bust in Steinbeck Plaza, 117
with Charlie, 174
with Elaine and sons, 174
with Glenn Graves, 43
postal stamp, 3
with Ricketts, 165
Stanford, 49, 54
importance of friendships to, 54, 55
as letter writer, 62
life timeline, 177–180
in Los Gatos, 141–142, 154–155, 157–158
marriages
Carol, 21, 53, 60, 60, 63, 65, 84–88, 85, 93, 100, 104, 132, 136, 137, 141, 151, 157, 158, 158
Elaine, 27, 28, 31, 55, 79, 113, 131, 174
Gwyn, 21, 24, 39, 61, 93, 124, 152, 164, 165, 174
McIntosh & Otis as agents for, 53, 104–105
metaphysical beliefs, 111–112, 114, 136
in Mexico, 161, 162–166
in Monterey, 124–127
in New York City, 56–57, 88, 111, 161, 174–175
Nobel Prize, 18, 55
in Pacific Grove, 83–105
political radicalism, 139, 143–144, 146–147
proposed theater naming, 119
relationship with Ricketts, 21, 107–108, 111–113, 115
residences
Eagle Rock, 60, 62–63
Los Gatos (Biddle Ranch/Brush Road house), 154, 155, 157–158
Los Gatos (Greenwood Lane), 154–155, 154
Monterey (Lara–Soto adobe), 124, 124
New York City, 111, 167
Pacific Grove (147 11th St.), 10, 87–88, 87, 88, 89, 111
Pacific Grove (425 Eardley), 93, 94
Salinas (132 Central Avenue), 18–21, 18
Sag Harbor, 88, 111, 174
in Salinas, 14–27
in San
Francisco, 61
Sea of Cortez expedition, 163–166, 166, 169–171
social conscience of, 37
in Tahoe, 35, 51, 53, 55, 57–60, 58–59
“Tortilla Flat” recipe, 75
as water–gazer, 111–112, 174
women in life of, 22–23
writing
“ALL” in, 10
borderland motif in, 9–10
child’s vision of nature in, 10–11
creative process, 85–87, 89
descriptive language, 6, 7
fire as theme in, 80–81
“haves” versus “have–nots” in, 42, 56–57, 75, 77, 80
human interaction with nature, 6–8
importance of anonymity to, 88
land use as leitmotif in, 80–81, 149
layers or levels in, 5, 150
naturalism and modernism in, 138
proletarian approach, 142–144, 147
realism distrusted by, 136, 138
search for America in, 11
sense of history in, 8–9, 70–71
sense of place, 5–6
value and dignity of labor in, 37
“westering” in, 28, 31, 66, 164
Steinbeck, John Adolph (grandfather), 5, 89
Steinbeck, John Ernst (father), 18–19, 19, 20, 30, 35, 42, 59, 92
Steinbeck, John IV (son), 174
Steinbeck, Mary (sister), 18, 19, 20, 33, 103, 104
Steinbeck, Olive Hamilton (mother), 18, 19–20, 19, 25, 25, 58, 163
Steinbeck Plaza (Cannery Row), 117
Steinbeck, Thom (son), 54, 124, 165, 174
Stephens, James, 114
Sterling, George, 131
Stevenson, Robert Louis, 71, 114
Stillwater Cove, 79
Street, Toby, 54, 60, 67
“Surrealistic Night in an Enchanted Forest,” 76
Suzy ( Sweet Thursday), 101, 125
Sweet Thursday, 68, 77, 80, 92, 93, 95, 100, 101, 110, 113, 121, 127
Tahoe, Lake, 57–60
Tahoe Tavern, 57–58
Taylor, Frank J., 155
Taylor, Paul, 148
Teresina Cortez (Tortilla Flat), 77
Testarossa Winery (Los Gatos), 153, 155
Tillie (Steinbeck dog), 90
To a God Unknown (1933), 6, 45, 46, 53, 114, 136
Toby (Steinbeck dog), 91
Tom Joad ( Grapes of Wrath), 8
Tor House (Carmel), 137
Torelli (Tortilla Flat), 70
Tortilla Flat (1935), 21, 27, 68, 70–71, 76, 77, 135, 161
fire in, 80–81, 81
locale of, 75
paisanos in, 70, 72–73, 80–81, 113
Tracy, Spencer, 158
Travels with Charley (1962), 11, 28, 40, 45, 88, 124, 130
Truckee, 57
Ulloa, Francisco de, 165
Uncle John (The Grapes of Wrath), 47
United Farmworkers Union (UFW), 39
University of California at Berkeley, 50, 51
U.S. Navy, 74
Valjean, Nelson, 75
Valley of the Moon, The (London), 131
Vanderbilt family, 76
Vasquez, Tiburcio, 137
Verbek, Pol, 154
Viva Zapata! (1952), 161, 167
Vizcaíno, Sebastián, 69
Wagner house (Salinas), 23–24
Wagner, Max, 23, 33, 162
Walker, Franklin, 132
Wanderers Club (Salinas), 19
water, metaphysical importance of, 111–112, 174
Watsonville, 67
Weeks, William, 30
West, George, 144
“westering,” 28, 31, 66, 164
Western Flyer, 166, 167
Weston, Chan, 138
Weston, Cole, 138
Weston, Edward, 135, 138
Weston Gallery (Carmel), 138
Weston, Neill, 138
Wharf #2 (Monterey), 127
Whitaker, Francis, 91, 134
White, Emil, 75
“White Quail, The,” 88
Whitman, Walt, 112, 114
Wilhelmson, Carl, 51, 53, 61
William (Cannery Row), 101, 126
Williams, Everett “Red,” 98, 98, 126
Williams sisters (East of Eden), 23
Willie (Steinbeck dog), 165
Wing Chong, 102, 122
Winter, Ella, 139
Wojciechowski, Henry, 126
Wolfe, Thomas, 11
Won Yee, 122–123
Wood, Charles Erskine Scott, 156
Woods, Flora, 127
Work, Tom, 126
Works Progress Administration (WPA), 24, 91
Writers Take Sides (1938), 143–144
Yoknapatawpha County, 4
Yosemite, 111
“Youth” (Conrad), 114
Credits
Art
Cover art, Landscape with Red Pony, 1999, by David Ligare, Collection Knight Ridder Corporation, San Jose, CA.
Photo on page 47 (Hamilton Ranch) by Richard Allman, used courtesy of the photographer.
Images on pages 60, 83, 85, 90 (dog), 91 (scrap), 154, and 157 (Carol and friends) courtesy Sharon Brown Bacon.
Image on page 56 courtesy Brown Brothers.
The following images are courtesy of the California Views Collection: page 61 (file 93-46-24; James K. Piggott, photographer), page 64 (file 88-084-0001; photographer unknown), page 114 (file 99-26-06; photographer unknown, summer of 1932), page 128 (file 71-001-0486; Lewis Josselyn, photographer), page 131 (wikiup; file 3183; E. A. Cohen, photographer, April 1908).
Image on pages 126, 152 (Gwyn), and 179 courtesy Martha Heasley Cox Center for Steinbeck Studies, San Jose State University.
Image on page 171 (Cabo San Lucas) courtesy of Linda Cicero.
Images on pages 40 and 41 (Spreckels and Spreckels ad) are from the collection of Jim Conway.
Image on pages 126, 152 (Gwyn), and 179 courtesy Martha Heasley Cox Center for Steinbeck Studies, San Jose State University.
Drawing on page 107 by Walter F. Fisher in Anne B. Fisher, Salinas, the Upside-Down River (New York, Ferrar & Rinehart, 1945).
Images on pages 162 (Cabo San Lucas), 163, and 164 (truck) courtesy of Bill Gilly.
Painting on page 178 by Penny Worthington, courtesy of Steven Hauk Gallery, Pacific Grove, CA.
Image on page 90 (Chautauqua program) courtesy of Miller Library, Hopkins Marine Station.
Images on pages 81, 116 (label), 121, 178 (book cover), and back cover (book cover) from the collection of Jim Johnson.
Image on page 59 courtesy of Lake Tahoe Historical Society.
The following images are from the Library of Congress: page 39 (Cesar Chavez), Prints & Photographs Division LC-USZ62-111017]; 139 (Lincoln Steffens), Prints & Photographs Division [LC-DIG-ggbain-05710]; 143 (Woman at the Dump), Prints & Photographs Division [LC-USZ62-122467]; 145 (Arvin migrant camp), Prints & Photographs Division, FSA/OWI Collection [LC-USF34-009892-C]; 146 (Tom Collins), Prints & Photographs Division, FSA/OWI Collection, [LC-USF34-009880-E]; 148 (tear gassing), Prints & Photographs Division [LC-USZ62-122467], 150 (Nipomo), Prints & Photographs Division, FSA/OWI Collection [LC-DIG-ppmsca-03054].
Painting on page 45, Landscape with Mt. Toro, 2004, by David Ligare, courtesy of Koplin Del Rio Gallery, Los Angeles, CA.
Images on pages 141 and 158 courtesy of Los Gatos Library.
Image on page 146 (cover) is reprinted courtesy of the Simon Lubin Society.
Images on pages 28 (Chinatown) and 29 courtesy of Monterey County Historical Society.
The following are courtesy of the Monterey Public Library, California History Room: images on pages 9 (Chinatown, J. K. Oliver, photographer), 66, 69 (visitors on Lovers Point; Morgan Collection), 73 (Morgan Collection), 75 (Ruth Speakman, photographer), 77, 82, 101 (lighthouse; R. J. Arnold, photographer), 102 (Daniel Freeman, photographer), 103, 123 (Rey Ruppel, photographer), 131 (Pine Inn, L. S. Slevin, photographer), 136 (Harbick Collection),
137 (Robinson Jeffers; Morgan Collection), and 138 (George A. Cain, photographer, Harbick Collection)
Photos on pages 11 and 174 (JS with Charley) ©1991 Hans Namuth Estate, courtesy Center for Creative Photography, University of Arizona.
Images on pages 9 (workers; Edwin F. Halloran Collection), 20, 21, 32, 34 (workers; Edwin F. Halloran Collection), 43 (JS and Glenn Graves), 54, 79, 92, 149 (from the Valley of the World Agriculture Exhibition), 152 (Gwen and mother), 155, 157 (JS), 164 (JS and Gwyn), 165 (Willie), 167 (crew), 174 (JS and family), 175, 177, and back cover (workers; Edwin F. Halloran Collection) courtesy of National Steinbeck Center, Salinas.
Photo on page 111 and back cover (JS) by Sonya Noskowiak, used by permission of Arthur Noskowiak.
Image on page 156 (Wood) courtesy of Oregon Historical Society, #CN023873.
Images on pages 91 (tent cabins), 95, and 101 (Lovers Point), and 104 courtesy of Pacific Grove Heritage Society.
Images on pages 65, 68, 71, 72, 74 (photo by Julian P. Graham), 76 (photo by Julian P. Graham), 78, and 125 courtesy of Pebble Beach Company Lagorio Archives.
Image on page 165 (JS, Ricketts, and friends) courtesy of Katharine A. Rodger and Ed Ricketts, Jr.
Image on page 80 is courtesy of the San Francisco Public Library.
Images on pages 108, 113 (Ricketts), and 120 (chicken walk) © Peter Stackpole/Time Life/Getty Images.
Images on pages 5, 13, 19, 25 (Olive), 47 (Hamiltons), 48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 55, 62, 84 (cottage, 1908), courtesy Stanford University, Department of Special Collections and University Archives.
Image on page 180 © Fred Stein, courtesy of Peter Stein.
Image on page 140 from the John Steinbeck Collection (#6239), Clifton Waller Barrett Library of American Literature, Special Collections, University of Virginia.
Images on pages 14, 70 (Carmel Mission), and 124 (Colton Hall) courtesy of Charles Willis.
All other photographs are by Nancy Burnett. All other images are either in the author’s collection or in the public domain.
Text
All previously unpublished extracts © 2006 by Waverly Kaffaga, Executrix of the Estate of Elaine A. Steinbeck. Extracts from Tortilla Flat by John Steinbeck, © 1935, renewed © 1963 by John Steinbeck. Used by permission of Viking Penguin, a division of Penguin Group (USA) Inc. and Penguin UK.
Extracts from Steinbeck: A Life in Letters by Elaine A. Steinbeck and Robert Wallsten, editors, © 1952 by John Steinbeck, © 1969 by The Estate of John Steinbeck, © 1975 by Elaine A. Steinbeck and Robert Wallsten. Used by permission of Viking Penguin, a division of Penguin Group (USA) Inc. and Penguin UK.
Extracts from The Log From the Sea of Cortez by John Steinbeck, © 1941 by John Steinbeck and Edward F. Ricketts. Copyright renewed © 1969 by John Steinbeck and Edward F. Ricketts Jr. Used by permission of Viking Penguin, a division of Penguin Group (USA) Inc.