114: “Since my last letter …” and “synthesis of Spengler …”: Joseph Campbell to Ed Ricketts, August 22, 1939, Stanford University.
114: “Extra-humanists, the breaking-thru gang”: Ed Ricketts, “My Literary Classification,” Stanford University.
114: “You and your life-way …”: Joseph Campbell to Ed Ricketts, September 14, 1939, Stanford University.
117: “that’s how we became interested in the bust …”: Author interview with Carol Brown, August 16, 1992.
118: “sad story of the Lone Star …”: Ed Ricketts to Sparky Enea, September 16, 1942, Stanford University.
119: “Your suggestion …”: JS to Mr. Adair, May 8, 1959, NSC archives.
119: “niche concept”: Edward F. Ricketts, “Zoological introduction to ‘The Outer Shores,’” in Katherine Rodger, Breaking Through: Essays, Journals, and Travelogues of Edward F. Ricketts (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006).
121: “magnificent story about Monterey …”: JS to Annie Laurie Williams, September 11, 1938, Columbia University.
121: “people [are] so wise naturally …”: “The God in the Pipes” manuscript, published in The Steinbeck Newsletter (Fall 1995), pp. 4–9.
122: “A number of these buildings …”: “John Steinbeck States His View on Cannery Row,” Monterey Peninsula Herald, March 8, 1957, p. 1.
123: “We could have made …”: Peggy Rink, “Pilgrimage to Wing Chong’s,” Game and Gossip, May 9, 1953, p. 32.
124: “We bought a house …”: JS to Pat Covici, University of Texas.
125: “Where the new …”: Cannery Row.
126: “Cannery Row is Monterey’s”: Ritch Lovejoy, Monterey Peninsula Herald, January 3, 1945, p. 9.
127: “as though on little wheels”: Cannery Row.
Chapter 8
130: “The settlement has been built …”: Harold Gilliam and Ann Gilliam, Creating Carmel: The Enduring Vision (Salt Lake City: Peregrine Smith, 1992), p. 77.
130: “thousands of standardized towns …”: Carmel Pine Cone, November 14, 1930.
131: “The Carnival time …”: Robinson Jeffers, “To George Sterling,” San Francisco Review, 1926.
132: “Others who had come …”: Franklin Walker, The Seacoast of Bohemia: An Account of Early Carmel (Santa Barbara: Peregrine Smith, 1973).
132: “there are several volumes …”: “Carey McWilliams Tells About Carmel Writers,” Carmel Pine Cone, June 16, 1931.
132: “H. Pease, and his shopkeeper’s attitude …”: JS to A. Grove Day, November 5, 1929, author’s collection.
132: “We have literary acquaintances …”: JS to George Albee, 1931, author’s collection.
132: “We went to a party at John Calvin’s …”: JS to Carl Wilhelmson, 1930, Life in Letters, p. 30.
134: “It is the only paper of …”: JS to parents, April 19, 1927, Stanford University.
135: “At last …”: Stephen Larsen and Robin Larsen, A Fire in the Mind: The Life of Joseph Campbell (New York: Doubleday, 1991).
135: “Miss hearing the music …”: JS to Mary Bulkley, August 17, 1936, Center for Steinbeck Studies, SJSU.
135: “To Miss Mary Bulkley …”: Inscription to Mary Bulkley, Center for Steinbeck Studies, SJSU.
136: “the most powerful …”: New York Herald Tribune, 1928 as quoted in “Whatever Happened to Robinson Jeffers?” by David Rains Wallace, Los Angeles Times, October 29, 2000, p. 1.
136: “Really, I’ve got the message …”: Larsen and Larsen, A Fire in the Mind, pp. 179–80.
136: “The whole book …”: Author’s collection.
136: “modern soul movements …”: Ed Ricketts, “The Philosophy of Breaking Through,” in Joel Hedgpeth, The Outer Shores (Eureka, CA: Mad River Press, 1978), p. 72.
136: “People have always taken themselves …” Toni Jackson, “The Hawk and the Rock,” What’s Doing, April 1947, p. 15.
136: “He wanted to do it …” and “I think he realized …”: Author interview with Gordon Newell, 1989.
137: “Cabins still stand there …”: Beth Ingels, Carmel Pine Cone, August 29, 1930.
137: “a parody …”: Beth Ingels’s notebook, author’s collection.
138: “The only advantage I can see …”: JS to Ted Miller, UCB.
138: “qualities foreign to the actual …”: Naomi Rosenblum, “f. 64 and Modernism,” in Terese Heyman (ed.), Seeing Straight (Oakland, CA: The Oakland Museum, 1992), pp. 48–49.
139: “In the 1930s if you weren’t …”: Author interview with Caroline Decker, 1989.
139: “A lot of social things …”: Author interview with Richard Criley, June 20, 1990.
139: “I am not a Communist …”: Martin Flavin Jr., “Conversations with Lincoln Steffens,” Harvard Advocate, June 1938.
139: “stunning, straight, correct …”: Author’s collection.
139: “made people believe not in …”: Justin Kaplan, Lincoln Steffens: A Biography (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1974), p. 327.
Chapter 9
142: “A few times I have …”: JS, 1947, Wayward Bus Journal, Pierpont Morgan.
142: “intent of the book …”: JS to Annie Laurie Williams, April 1936, Columbia University.
142: “I haven’t gone proletarian …”: JS to Harry Thornton Moore, March 1936, University of Virginia.
143: “nonpartisan” and “Your card alarms me …”: John D. Barry, “Ways of The World … With Letters from John Steinbeck That Reflect Labor’s Point of View,” San Francisco News, July 13, 1938, p. 14.
144: “For too long the language …”: JS to Elizabeth Baily, no date, NSC archives.
145: “It seemed to me an irony …”: JS to Tom Collins, no date, Benson collection.
146: “by driving willow branches …”: Shillinglaw and Benson, America and Americans, p. 80.
146: “I’ve seen such terrific things …”: JS to Elizabeth Otis, fall 1936, Columbia University.
147: “the Proletariat …”: JS to Harry Thornton Moore, March 1936, University of Virginia.
148: “There are riots in Salinas …”: JS to George Albee, Life in Letters, p. 132.
148: “They used to get the 300-pound blocks …”: J. J. Crosetti interview, “Pajaro Valley Agriculture, 1927-1977,” http://library.ucsc.edu/reg-hist/crosetti.html.
149: “battle of Salinas …”: Helen Boyden Lamb, “Industrial Relations in the Western Lettuce Industry,” (Ph.D. dissertation, Radcliffe College, 1942).
149: “For a full fortnight …”: Kevin Starr, Endangered Dreams: The Great Depression in California (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996), pp. 187–88.
149: “Now what happened …”: Shillinglaw and Benson, America and Americans, p. 11.
149: “a vicious book …”: JS to Annie Laurie Williams, April 20, 1938, Columbia University.
149: “four pound book …”: Annie Laurie Williams to JS, January 9, 1937, Columbia University.
149: “Yes, I’ve been writing …”: JS to Elizabeth Otis, March 23, 1938, Stanford University.
150: “I’ve worked out a plan …”: JS to Tom Collins, no date, Benson collection.
152: “with a very pretty, Irish …”: Jackson J. Benson interview with Sandy Oliver, Stanford University.
154: “The new house is fine …”: JS to agents, fall 1936, Columbia University.
154: “a little tiny room …”: JS to Elizabeth Otis, 1936, Stanford University.
155: “the most beautiful place …”: Robert DeMott (ed.), Working Days: The Journals of The Grapes of Wrath (New York: Viking, 1989), p. 51.
155: “an estate … forty-seven acres …”: Benson, The True Adventures, p. 459.
155: “Californians are wrathy …”: Frank Taylor, “California’s Grapes of Wrath,” Forum, November 19, 1939, pp. 232–38.
155: “It’s a beautiful morning …”: JS to Elizabeth Otis, October 1939, Life in Letters, p. 189.
157: “Although the Associated Farmers …”: “Wrath, but No Ban,” NSC
archives.
157: “banned from all libraries …”: “Grapes of Wrath Under Library’s Ban at San Jose, “ San Jose Mercury News, June 29, 1939.
157: “A lie, a damned infernal lie …”: Lyle Boren, Congressional Record, January 10, 1940, pp. 139–40.
157: “Steinbeck became interested …”: Barbara Marinacci, “Friendship with a California Winegrower: John Steinbeck and Martin Rey,” John Steinbeck’s Americas (forthcoming).
158: “He was dressed … “: Fensch, Conversations, pp. 11–12.
Chapter 10
161: “There’s an illogic there …”: JS to Ritch and Tal Lovejoy, May 27, 1948, Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley.
163: “and from there I shall….”: JS to Elizabeth Otis, October 2, 1932, Stanford University.
163: “Mexicans and Yuakis …”: JS to Mavis McIntosh, Life in Letters, p. 67.
164: “It is impossible for me to …”: JS to Elizabeth Otis, October 12, 1935, Stanford University.
165: “John liked to be around …”: Pauline Pearson interview with Frank Raineri, February 14, 1980, NSC archives.
165: “Steinbeck would buy a slide …”: Jayne Ellison, “Dog Thieves Mourn Steinbeck,” Dayton Daily News, December 22, 1968.
165: “considerate as only …”: Sea of Cortez.
166: “the most difficult work …”: Quoted in Louis Gannett, “John Steinbeck: Novelist at Work,” Atlantic Monthly (in ital), December 1945, p. 60.
172: “more here…”: Lewis Gannett, New York Herald Tribune.
172: “there are four…”: Life in Letters, p. 232.
172: “We collected…” JS Log from the Sea of Cortez.
174: “New York is the only city …”: “Making of a New Yorker,” in Shillinglaw and Benson, America and Americans, p. 32.
Timeline
177: “You must know that the …”: JS, “Letters to Alicia,” The Acts of King Arthur and His Noble Knights: From the Winchester Manuscripts of Thomas Malory & Other Sources (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1993).
177: “No I am not becoming …”: JS to Katherine Beswick, circa 1930, Stanford University.
178: “related to Spanish people …”: Pauline Pearson interview with Frank Raineri.
180: “taking Charley …”: Author interview with Elaine Steinbeck, November 6, 1998.
Index
Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations or boxed material.
“About Ed Ricketts,” 113
Abra (East of Eden), 41
Adam Trask (East of Eden), 30, 36, 42, 66
“Adventures in Arcademy: A Journey into the Ridiculous” (1924), 54
Albee, Richard, 154
Alisal Canyon, 33
Alisal picnic grounds, 41
“ALL,” in Steinbeck’s writing, 10
Allee, Warder Clyde, 108
Alones Point Chinese settlement, 81
Alvarado Street (Monterey), 123, 124
American Federation of Labor, 148
American Library Association, 27
Ancient and Honorable Roque and Horseshoe Club (Pacific Grove), 95
Ariss, Bruce, 75
“Arroyo del Ajo” (“Garlic Gulch”), 151, 153
Arvin labor camp (Bakersfield), 145, 146
Asilomar, 93, 99–100, 100
Associated Farmers, 157
“Atropos,” 54
Austin, Mary, 79, 90, 131, 131
“Autobiography: Making of a New Yorker” (1953), 56
Autobiography (Steffens), 139
Bailey, Margery, 55
Baja California, 160–161, 165–166, 168–169
locales
Cabo San Lucas, 162, 168–169
Guaymas, 169
La Paz, 166, 169–170
Loreto, 167
Puerto Escondido, 166
Santa Rosalia, 169
Sea of Cortez, 165–166, 168–169
“Battle Hymn of the Republic” (Howe), 151
Battle of Natividad, 38–39
Baugh, Ray, 72
Bell’s Candy (Salinas), 30, 144
Bemis Brothers Bag Company, 61
Benét, William Rose, 156
Beswick, Katherine, 53, 57, 60, 61
Between Pacific Tides (Ricketts), 99, 110
Bicknell, Horace, 127
Biddle Ranch (Los Gatos), 154, 155, 157–158
Big Sur, 8, 105
Billings, Josh, 77, 125
Blake, William, 112
Blinks, Lawrence, 105
Blumenschein, Ernest L., 134
Bolin, Rolf, 113
Boren, Lyle, 157
Bracero Program, 36
Brigham estate (Tahoe), 57
Bristol, Horace, 148
Brooks, Van Wyck, 131, 132
Brown, Carol, 117
Brown, Harold Chapman, 55
Brown, Mayotta, 135
Bruce Ariss Way (Cannery Row), 120
Bruga (Steinbeck dog), 90
Bruggen, Cossje van, 15
Brush Road house (Los Gatos), 154, 155, 157–158
Budd, Idell and Paul, 94
Bufano, Benny, 156
Bulkley, Mary, 135
Cabo San Lucas (Mexico), 162, 168–169
Cabrillo, Juan Rodriguez, 69
Caen, Herb, 27, 61
Cal Trask (East of Eden), 22, 30, 41
California as borderland, 9–10
labor in, 37, 139, 142–143, 148–149
migrant labor camps in, 145–146, 145
missions of, 8–9
native grasses, 35
settlement of, 8–9, 70–71
view of in Grapes of Wrath, 147, 149
California Highway Patrol, 149
California Rodeo, 15
California Rural Legal Assistance, 39
Californian (Salinas), 21
Calvin, Jack, 132
Camp Richardson, 58, 62
Campbell, Joseph, 85, 110, 114, 135, 136
Candy (Of Mice and Men), 144
Cannery Corner (Los Gatos), 153
Cannery Row, 5, 10, 65, 67, 81, 103, 113, 120–124, 121
development of, 123
locales
Bruce Ariss Way, 120
“Chicken Walk,” 120
Kalisa’s, 123
Monterey Bay Aquarium, 123, 123
Rickett’s lab, 65, 80, 81, 105, 108, 108, 109, 112–117, 125
Steinbeck Plaza, 117
Wing Chong’s market, 120, 122–123
map, 110
as part of “New Monterey,” 107–108
sardine industry on, 116
writing about, 121
See also Monterey (city)
Cannery Row (1945), 5, 8, 27, 67, 68, 77, 80, 94, 98–99, 102, 113, 123, 126
Cannery Row (Ingels), 137
Carmel, 65, 128–129, 133
in 1930s, 132–134
as artists’ enclave, 132, 134–139
early years, 129–132
fairy tale houses, 135
locales
Lincoln Steffens home, 139
Pine Inn, 131
Tor House, 137
Tuck Box Tearoom, 135
Weston Gallery, 138
map, 134
Carmel Art Association, 76
Carmel Cymbal, 90, 133, 134
Carmel Mission, 8, 24, 69, 70
Carmel Pine Cone, 133, 137
Carruth, William Herbert, 52, 52, 55
Castroville, 34, 67
Cats Restaurant, The (Los Gatos), 156
Cerf, Bennet, 136
Chaney, Lon Jr., 158
Chaplin, Charlie, 158
Charley (Steinbeck dog), 28, 45, 90, 174
Chase, Lucie A., 95
Chautauqua Hall (Pacific Grove), 90–91
Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle, 90–91
Chavez, Cesar, 39
Chief Joseph, 156
Chinatown (Salinas), 22, 28, 28, 29
Chinese Exclusion Act (1882), 36
Chinese fishing village (Pacific Grove), 102–103
Chinese immigrants, 36, 69, 81, 102–103, 122
“Chrysanthemums, The,” 37, 44
Circle of Enchantment (White), 75
Classic American Writers, 3
Clift Hotel, 61
Colleto, Sal, 72–73
Colletto, Tiny, 126, 127
Collins, Tom, 145, 146, 146, 149, 150
Colton Hall (Monterey), 124, 124
Comstock, Hugh W., 135
Conger, Gwyn. See Steinbeck, Gwyn Conger
Conrad, Joseph, 114
Corral de Tierra, 42–43, 137
Covici, Pat, 124
Crane, Stephen, 56
Crawford, Joan, 79
Criley, Richard, 139
Crocker, Charles, 73
Crocker Irwin House, 79
Crocker, Mrs. Templeton, 79
Crosby, Bing, 76
Cuernavaca (Mexico), 164–165, 164
Cullen, Countee, 133
Cup of Gold (1929), 55, 56, 59, 60, 84
Daley, Richard, 39
Dali, Gala, 76
Dali, Salvador, 76, 77
Darling (Cannery Row), 91
Darrow, Clarence, 156
Del Monte Beach, 125, 127
Del Monte Hotel. See Hotel Del Monte
Del Monte Properties Company, 74
Dennis the Menace Playground (Monterey), 127
Devendorf, James Franklin, 129–130
Doc (Sweet Thursday, Cannery Row), 101, 107, 110, 121, 125
Doctor Merrivale ( Cannery Row), 94
Doelter, “Pop” Ernst, 124, 125, 127
Dolores Engracia Ramirez (Tortilla Flat), 70–71
Donovan, Bill, 16
Dora Flood (Cannery Row), 118, 126
Dreiser, Theodore, 56, 131
Eagle Rock, 60, 62–63
Eagle Rock Self–Expression Society, 63
East of Eden (1952), 3, 5, 6–7, 9, 10, 39, 47, 102, 113
autobiographical aspects, 22–25, 27, 29–31, 66, 94
Salinas River in, 43
writing of, 21
“eastering,” 29
Eastwood, Clint, 130
ecological thought, 104, 109–112
El Carmelo Cemetery (Pacific Grove), 100–101
El Carmelo Hotel (Pacific Grove), 95
El Encinal Cemetery (Monterey), 100–101, 127
El Estero Park (Monterey), 127
Eliza Allen (“The Chrysanthemums”), 37
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 114