Eglin Field, 38
11th Airborne Division, 184
Elliot, Joe E., 125, 176, 177
Essig, Robert W. (Bob)
as head of Marchione’s crew, 17, 18, 20, 21, 29, 136
as Marchione Summary Courts Officer, 193
radar-training missions, 23–27
F4U Corsair fighters, 106, 179
F-5 Lightning fighters, 35, 54, 115, 164
F6F Hellcat fighters, 106, 111, 179
F-7 Liberator. See B-24 Liberator bombers (F-7)
F-7A aircraft, 19, 22–23
F-7B aircraft
attacks on, 158, 160
photo reconnaissance and, 23, 24–27
Fairchild, Paul E., 181–182
Far East Air Forces (FEAF), 35, 37, 38, 58, 64, 126, 127, 130, 140, 198
FEAF. See Far East Air Forces (FEAF)
“Fidelity test,” 132
Fifteenth Air Force, 17, 41
Fifth Air Force, 34–35, 42, 44, 60, 120, 121, 155
Fifth Air Service Command, 34
569th Signal Aircraft Warning Battalion, 12
Flash bombs, 26–27
Fleischman’s Funeral Home (Pottstown), 200, 203–204
Flight X-202, 11
Floridablanca, 46, 47, 49, 50, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 61, 62, 64
Formosa, 171
raids on, 49, 50, 54, 55, 56–57, 58–59, 60
409th Training Group, 11
“Frances” fighters, 101, 102
Frasher (staff sergeant), 24
Frick, Emory D., 121, 124–125
Fuchida, Mitsuo, 165–168
Fuel conservation techniques, 181
Genda, Minoru, 109
“George” fighters, 109, 122, 124
Germany
strategic bombing of Nazi, 41
surrender of, 28
Giles, Barney M., 37, 38
Griffin, Roland, 193
Gun-laying radar, 52, 57, 119, 134, 142–143, 144, 158
“A Gunner’s Vow” (verse), 15–16
Gunnery school, 12
Gunsights, 14
Haga, Toyojiro, 90
Hagiri, Matsuo, 110
Haikow, 53
Halsey, William F., 180
Haneda airdrome, 119–120
Hannagan (staff sergeant), 26
Harmon Field, 44
Harriet’s Chariot (B-52 Dominator)
August 18th photo-reconnaissance mission, 132, 133–134, 138, 139
photo-reconnaissance missions, 117–118, 120, 121, 123–124
photo-reconnaissance missions in preparation for occupation of Japan, 172–174
Hashizumi, Toshio, 167–168
Hasunuma, Shigeru, 77
Hata, Shunroku, 80, 84, 85
Hatanaka, Kenji, 96
coup and, 75, 80, 83, 87, 89–92, 94, 95
Hauser, Woodrow H., 63, 175
Hayashi, Saburo, 80–81, 82
Heito sugar refinery, raid on, 56–57
Hickam Field, 44, 110
High-altitude, long-distance formation flying, 17
Hiller, George, 204
Hirohito, 189
aftermath of decision to end war, 187–188
Allied plan to strip power and influence of, 76–77
audience with Umezu and Toyoda, 77
coup attempt and, 95
order to armed forces to cease hostilities, 114
response to Potsdam Declaration, 67–68
role in ending war, 68–69, 70–71, 77–78, 83, 84, 85–87
second rescript, 121
Supreme Council and, 69, 70–71
Hiroshima, 63, 64, 69, 84, 85, 133, 166
Hobo Queen II (B-32 Dominator 532), 31
arrival of Americans at Atsugi and, 179, 180
August 18th photo-reconnaissance mission, 132, 133–134, 138, 139–140, 141–143, 144–146, 155
combat missions, 60, 64–65
combat tests, 46, 49–50, 51–52, 53, 54–55, 56–59
debriefings, 159–160, 161
delivery of, 44
photo-reconnaissance missions, 117–119, 120, 121, 123
photo-reconnaissance missions in preparation for occupation of Japan, 172–173, 174, 176, 177–178
recall from mission in light of Japan’s surrender, 66, 67
scrapping of, 185
on Yontan, 63–64
Holben, Max, 177–178
Honshu, 4–5, 65, 134, 164, 170, 180, 184
Houston, John T., 138, 139, 142, 147, 148, 149, 151, 160
H2X (AN/APS-15 ground-mapping radar system), 23, 24–25
Hunnicutt, W. R., Jr., 183
Hunter Army Airfield, 20, 21
Hunter (staff sergeant), 23
Ibusuki, Masanobu, 110, 112, 122, 141
Ikegami bridge, 54
Imba army base, 119–120
Imperial Guards Division, 75, 89, 90, 91, 94
Inaba, Masao, 73, 75
“Instructions to the Troops” (Anami), 74
“Irving” night fighters, 101–102, 109
Ishihara, Sadakichi, 89, 90–91, 92
Island Command Cemetery, 193, 196
Island Command Okinawa, 192
Island-hopping strategy, 35
Iwo Jima, 110, 111
J1N1-S Gekko (Irving) fighters, 101–102, 109
J2M-series land-based Raiden (Jack) fighters, 101, 102, 104, 106, 144
Japan
acceptance of Allies’ terms of surrender, 29, 30, 66, 68, 84, 85–87
Allied occupation of, 77, 113, 184
Allied response to conditional acceptance of Potsdam Declaration, 76–77
Allied war against (see Allied war in Pacific)
atomic bombing of, 63, 64, 69, 84, 85, 133, 166
Kawabe delegation, 162–164
monarchy, 69
preparation for occupation of, 171–185
reaction to Hirohito’s surrender broadcast, 95–96
surrender ceremony, 185
Japanese fighter pilots, continuation of war, 96, 97–112, 122–127, 129, 140–141, 143–146, 148, 150–153
Japanese Home Islands
Allied bombing of, 35, 63, 64, 69
Allied planned invasion of (Operation Downfall), 37, 189
planned bombing of, 45
Japanese military
army and navy air defense, 99–100
Bushido tradition, 72, 97, 99, 108, 140
conspiracy to continue war (coup), 75–76, 77, 78, 87–95
continuing air attacks on Allied planes, 122–127, 129, 140–141, 143–146, 148, 150–153
fighter pilots and continuation of war, 96, 97–112
1936 revolt, 72
order to cease offensive actions, 96
orders to ground combat aircraft, 107
reaction to Hirohito’s surrender broadcast, 95–96
response to news of Japan’s surrender, 72–74
status at end of war, 71–72
war crimes, 87
Japanese radar, 52, 57, 118, 119, 134, 142–143, 144, 158
Jones, Elmer O., 185
“Judy” fighters, 101, 102, 107
K-19B night-reconnaissance camera, 25–26
K-22 camera, 2, 137, 138, 139, 148, 181
Kadena, 63, 179
Kamikaze pilots, 104–105, 107
Kami-Miyagawa naval air station, 120
Kanto Plain
Allied photo reconnaissance of, 115–119, 120–127
Allied sweep over, 105–106
Japanese defense of, 98–100, 110
Katori naval air station, 116, 118, 120, 121
Kawabe, Masakazu, 99
Kawabe, Torashiro, 163–164, 172
Kawabe delegation, 171–172
efforts to stop, 164–168
Kawanishi N1K1-J Shiden (George) interceptors, 109, 122, 124
Kawasaki Ki-61 Hien (Tony), 124
Kawasaki Ki-45 Toryu (Nick) night fighte
rs, 120
Kearns Army Air Base, 21–22
Keller, Burton J., 138–139, 142, 147–148, 153–154, 155
Kelsey (staff sergeant), 26
Kempeitai, coup and, 87–88
Kenney, George C., 42
attacks on August 18th photo-reconnaissance mission and, 157–158, 160, 161
Far East Air Forces and, 35
Fifth Air Force and, 34–35
lobbying for B-32s, 36–38
Very Long Range bomber program and, 35–36
Ketsu-Go (Decisive Operation), 100, 112
Kido, Koichi, 75, 81–82, 83, 84
Ki-84 Hayate (Frank) interceptors, 106
Ki-44 Shoki (Tojo) fighters, 120, 122, 124
Kiirun, 54, 58, 59
Kinch, Sam, 189
King, Edward P., Jr., 162
Kisarazu, 98, 100, 163–164, 166
Klein, James L., as Hobo Queen II pilot, 138, 140, 143, 144–145, 147, 157, 175
Kluckhohn, Frank L., 189, 190
Kobayashi (army medical officer), 83
Koga, Hidemasa, 89, 90–91, 92, 95
Kogure, Hiroshi, 164–165, 166, 168, 170
Komachi, Sadamu
attack on August 18th photo-reconnaissance mission, 143–144, 145–146, 148, 152–153
end of naval career, 168–171
naval career, 110–111
Kondo, Kanetoshi, 99
Konoike naval air station, 116, 118–119
Korea, Allied occupation and, 171
Koshun airdrome (Formosa), 25–27, 49–50
Kozono, Yasuna
attempt to stop Kawabe delegation, 164–168
continuation of war and, 97–98, 100–101, 102–108, 122, 141
military career, 101–102
Kwajalein Atoll, 44
Kyser, Kay, 27–28
LAB. See Low-altitude bombing (LAB)
Lacharite, Joe, 157
August 18th photo-reconnaissance mission, 135, 137, 139, 148–152, 154, 155
combat missions, 136–137
medical treatment, 190–191
military training and combat career, 135–137
removal from aircraft, 189–190
Lacharite, Ruth, 135
Lackey, John H., Jr., 180
The Lady is Fresh (B-32 Dominator 529), 31
combat missions, 60, 64–65
combat tests, 49, 50, 51–52, 54–57, 58–59
delivery of, 44
recall from mission in light of Japan’s surrender, 66, 67
on Yontan, 63–64
Larkin, William B., 199
Las Vegas Army Airfield, 12
Laury, R. B., 183
Leahy, David, 204
Lester, James A., 201
Lockheed Aircraft Co., 40
Low-altitude bombing (LAB), 53
Lowry Army Airfield, 20, 135–136
LSTs (landing ship, tank), 62, 63, 64
Luichow Peninsula, 53
Luzon, 22, 23–24, 27, 35, 38, 44, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 55, 59, 62, 136, 162
MacArthur, Douglas
arrival at Atsugi, 184
attacks on August 18th photo-reconnaissance mission and, 158, 160–162, 163
B-29 and, 36
as commander of Southwest Pacific Area, 34
decision not to reignite hostilities following attacks on B-32s, 158, 160–164, 187, 188–189
directive regarding Japanese delegation, 162–164
messages to Tokyo regarding cessation of hostilities, 113–115
preparation for arrival in Japan, 171, 179, 180
as Supreme Commander Allied Powers, 113
Marchione, Anthony James (Tony)
aerial gunner training, 12–15
Air Force training, 11–12
artistic ability, 10
on assignment to become photo-reconnaissance crew, 17–18
assignment to Pacific theater, 21–22
assignment to 20th Combat Mapping Squadron, 21–22
August 18th photo-reconnaissance mission, 134, 139, 148–152, 154, 155
childhood, 8–10
combat crew training school, 16–17
death of, 152, 154, 157
enlistment in Army Air Forces, 10–11
family’s notification of death, 193–196
family’s origins, 7–8
graduation as MOS 611 aerial gunner, 15–16
hepatitis bout, 27, 28
identification of body, 192
impressions of Okinawa, 30
interment on Okinawa, 191–193, 196
on Japan’s acceptance of Potsdam Declaration, 29, 30
last letter of, 31, 33
music and, 10
on night aerial photography, 26–27
personal effects, 193, 198
posthumous awards, 197–198
radar-training missions, 23–27
reconnaissance training, 136
removal from aircraft, 155, 189–190
repatriation of body, 198–204
romance, 20–21
rotation points and, 28, 31
training as photographer assistant, 20
20th birthday, 29–30
on USO show, 27–28
Marchione, Emelia (Ciancaglini), 8–9, 11, 16, 194, 195, 196, 198, 203
Marchione, Geraldine (Gerry), 8, 9–10, 16, 31, 195, 203
Marchione, Nicola, 8
Marchione, Raffaelle (Ralph), 8–9, 11, 16
notification of son’s death, 194, 195, 196, 197–198
repatriation of son’s body, 198–204
Marchione, Theresa (Terry), 8, 9–10, 194–195, 196–197, 203
Mather Army Air Field, 44
Matsudo army base, 119–120
Matsumoto, Shunichi, 79
Maule, Kenneth C., 175
McCain, John S., 105
McElroy, Stephen D., 59
McLaughlin, Francis T., 193
Meiji Shrine, 91
Miyake-jima, 125, 133–134, 140, 141, 142
Moore, Clarence A., 106
Morgan, Morris C., 183
Mori, Takeshi, 75, 90–92
Morimoto, Muneaki, 122
Murphy, George A., 183
Nagano, Osami, 85
Nagasaki, 63, 64, 69, 133, 166
New Cumberland Army Air Field, 11
New York Times (newspaper), 189, 190
NHK, 87–88, 91, 94
“Nick” night fighters, 120
Norden M-9 optical bombsight, 52–53
Nudo, Rudolph (Rudy), 17, 19, 20, 29, 203, 204
Oakland Army Base, 201
Ohara, Ryoji, 111, 122, 125, 140
Okinawa
American cemeteries on, 191–192, 199
312th’s move to, 61
20th Recon Squadron’s move to, 29, 30–31
U.S. capture of, 25
Onishi, Takijiro, 165
Operation Blacklist, 171–172
Operation Coronet, 171, 189
Operation Downfall, 37, 189
Operation Olympic, 171, 189
Oppama naval air station, 100, 120
attacks on August 18th photo-reconnaissance mission from, 143–144, 145–146
as center of resistance to ending war, 108–112
continuing air attacks on Allied planes, 122–125, 140–141, 143–144, 145–146
end of war, 170
See also Yokosuka Kokutai (Yoko Ku)
Orton, Collins, 180–183, 185
Osborne, Billy J., 145
O’Shaughnessy, Luke E., 202–203
Overseas cemeteries, 199
P-38 Lightning fighter (F-5), 35, 54, 115, 126, 164
P-39 Aircobra fighters, 34, 35
P-40 Warhawk fighters, 17, 34, 35
P-47 Thunderbolt fighters, 35, 102, 130, 131–132
P-51 Mustang fighters, 102, 130, 131–132
Pacific, Allied war in. See Allied war in Pacific
Paiyapai bridge, 54, 55
Pallone, Frank, 17, 19, 20
, 29, 196–197, 203, 204
Pearl Harbor, Japanese attack on, 33, 109, 165
Philippines, liberation of, 35
Photo-reconnaissance crews, 17–18, 19–20
Photo-reconnaissance missions
August 18th mission, 129–135, 137–155
first, 115–119
multi-mission approach following Japanese attacks, 129–132
in preparation for occupation of Japan, 172–179, 180–183
protective escorts and, 130–132
second, 119–127
See also 386th Bombardment Squadron; 20th Reconnaissance Squadron
Point system for demobilization, 28, 31
Potsdam Declaration, 64
Allied response to Japan’s conditional acceptance of, 76–77
Japan’s acceptance of, 29, 67–68
Pottstown Mercury (newspaper), 194
Pottstown (Pennsylvania)
news of Japan’s surrender and, 194
Tony Marchione’s childhood in, 8–11
Pringle, Wiley D., 182
Pugliese, Rudolph (Rudy)
August 18th photo-reconnaissance mission and, 141–142
crash of B-32 544 and, 178
debriefings following August 18th attacks, 157–158, 161
photo-reconnaissance mission in preparation for occupation of Japan and, 175
photo-reconnaissance mission plans and, 116–117, 132
Ramey, Simon, 182
“Request for Data R-40B,” 39
Robinson, Thomas, 151–152, 154, 190
Rokuryo bridge, 54
“Rope,” 56, 58, 143
Rotation points, 28, 31
Rupke, Kurt F.
August 18th photo-reconnaissance mission, 137–138, 139, 148–149, 150, 151, 154
identification of Marchione’s body, 192
Russell, Robert, 123, 177–178
St. Aloysius Roman Catholic Church (Pottstown, Pennsylvania), 8, 9, 195, 200, 204
Saito, Makoto, 72
Sakai, Saburo, 111–112, 122, 124–125, 140, 141
Sakomizu, Hisatune, 70
Samuelson, David S., 123
Sanchau, 58
Seppuku, 90, 93, 95
Seventh Air Force, 35
Shiizaki, Jiro, 90, 91, 94, 95
Shimomura, Hiroshi, 73–74, 94
Shiraishi (lt. colonel), 90, 92
Shoka, 54
Showa-Nakajima L2D, 163, 166
Sill, Leonard M., 175, 176, 179, 184
16th Bombardment Operational Training Wing, 16
6th Photographic Group, 22, 193
Smart, Jimmie F.
August 18th photo-reconnaissance mission, 138, 139, 142, 148, 149, 150, 151, 155, 157
medical treatment, 190–191
removal from aircraft, 189–190
Smith, Donald H., 151–152, 154
SS Ancona, 8
SS Taormina, 8
Stansbury, J. E., 138
Star-Telegram (newspaper), 189
Stimson, Henry L., 197–198
Strategic bombardment, development of very long range bombers and, 39–43
Subic Bay, 62
Sugiyama, Hajime, 85