Anne J. Aby
Minnesota West Community and Technical College, Worthington Campus
Paul Allen
University of Utah
Gerald Anderson
North Dakota State University
Susan L. H. Anderson
Campbell University
Letizia Argenteri
University of San Diego
Roy A. Austensen
Illinois State University
James A. Baer
Northern Virginia Community College–Alexandria
James T. Baker
Western Kentucky University
Patrick Bass
Morningside College
John F. Battick
University of Maine
Frederic J. Baumgartner
Virginia Polytechnic Institute
Phillip N. Bebb
Ohio University
Anthony Bedford
Modesto Junior College
F. E. Beemon
Middle Tennessee State University
Leonard R. Berlanstein
University of Virginia
Cyriaque Beurtheret
Salt Lake Community College
Douglas T. Bisson
Belmont University
Charmarie Blaisdell
Northeastern University
Stephen H. Blumm
Montgomery County Community College
John Bohstedt
University of Tennessee–Knoxville
Hugh S. Bonar
California State University
Werner Braatz
University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh
Alfred S. Bradford
University of Missouri
Janet Brantley
Texarkana College
Maryann E. Brink
College of William & Mary
Jerry Brookshire
Middle Tennessee State University
Daniel Patrick Brown
Moorpark College
Gregory S. Brown
University of Nevada–Las Vegas
Blaine T. Browne
Broward Community College
Kevin W. Caldwell
Blue Ridge Community College
J. Holden Camp Jr.
Hillyer College, University of Hartford
Jack Cargill
Rutgers University
Martha Carlin
University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee
Elizabeth Carney
Clemson University
Susan Carrafiello
Wright State University
Joseph J. Casino
St. Joseph’s University
Eric H. Cline
Xavier University
Robert G. Clouse
Indiana State University
Robert Cole
Utah State University
William J. Connell
Rutgers University
Nancy Conradt
College of DuPage
Marc Cooper
Southwest Missouri State
Richard A. Cosgrove
University of Arizona
David A. Crain
South Dakota State University
Michael A. Crane Jr. (student)
Everett Community College
Luanne Dagley
Pellissippi State Technical Community College
John Davies
University of Delaware
Michael F. Doyle
Ocean County College
Joseph J. Eble
Burlington County College
James W. Ermatinger
University of Nebraska–Kearney
Porter Ewing
Los Angeles City College
Carla Falkner
Northeast Mississippi Community College
Steven Fanning
University of Illinois–Chicago
Ellsworth Faris
California State University–Chico
Oregon State University
Mary Helen Finnerty
Westchester Community College
Jennifer E. Forster
Lakeland Community College
A. Z. Freeman Robinson College
Marsha Frey
Kansas State University
Frank J. Frost
University of California–Santa Barbara
Frank Garosi
California State University–Sacramento
Laura Gellott
University of Wisconsin–Parkside
Richard M. Golden
University of North Texas
Manuel G. Gonzales
Diablo Valley College
Amy G. Gordon
Denison University
Richard J. Grace
Providence College
Charlotte M. Gradie
Sacred Heart University
Candace Gregory
California State University–Sacramento
Katherine Gribble
Highline Community College
Hanns Gross
Loyola University
John F. Guilmartin
Ohio State University
Paul Hagenloh
The University of Alabama
Jeffrey S. Hamilton
Gustavus Adolphus College
J. Drew Harrington
Western Kentucky University
James Harrison
Siena College
Doina Pasca Harsanyi
Central Michigan University
Jay Hatheway
Edgewood College
A. J. Heisserer University of Oklahoma
Betsey Hertzler
Mesa Community College
Robert Herzstein
University of South Carolina
Michael C. Hickey
Bloomsburg University
Shirley Hickson
North Greenville College
Martha L. Hildreth
University of Nevada
Boyd H. Hill Jr.
University of Colorado–Boulder
Michael Hofstetter
Bethany College
Donald C. Holsinger
Seattle Pacific University
Frank L. Holt
University of Houston
W. Robert Houston
University of South Alabama
Michael W. Howell
College of the Ozarks
David Hudson
California State University–Fresno
Paul J. L. Hughes
Sussex County Community College
Richard A. Jackson
University of Houston
Fred Jewell
Harding University
Nicole Jobin
University of Colorado
Jenny M. Jochens
Towson State University
William M. Johnston
University of Massachusetts
Jeffrey A. Kaufmann
Muscatine Community College
David O. Kieft
University of Minnesota
Patricia Killen
Pacific Lutheran University
Jay Kilroy
Mesa Community College
William E. Kinsella Jr.
Northern Virginia Community College–Annandale
James M. Kittelson
Ohio State University
Doug Klepper
Santa Fe Community College
Cynthia Kosso
Northern Arizona University
Ed Krzemienski
The Citadel
Paul E. Lambert
Nichols College
Clayton Miles Lehmann
University of South Dakota
Diana Chen Lin
Indiana University, Northwest
Paul Douglas Lockhart
Wright State University
Hudson Valley Community College
Harold Marcuse
University of California–Santa Barba
ra
Mike Markowski
Westminster College
Mavis Mate
University of Oregon
Priscilla McArthur
Troy State University–Dothan
T. Ronald Melton
Brewton Parker College
Jack Allen Meyer
University of South Carolina
Eugene W. Miller Jr.
The Pennsylvania State University–Hazleton
David B. Mock
Tallahassee Community College
John Patrick Montano
University of Delaware
Rex Morrow
Trident Technical College
Wyatt S. Moulds
Jones County Junior College
Kenneth Mouré
University of California–Santa Barbara
Thomas M. Mulhern
University of North Dakota
Pierce Mullen
Montana State University Cliona
Murphy
California State University–Bakersfield
Frederick I. Murphy
Western Kentucky University
William M. Murray
University of South Florida
Otto M. Nelson
Texas Tech University
Sam Nelson
Willmar Community College
John A. Nichols
Slippery Rock University
Lisa Nofzinger
Albuquerque Technical Vocational Institute
Chris Oldstone-Moore
Augustana College
Donald Ostrowski
Harvard University
James O. Overfield
University of Vermont
Matthew L. Panczyk
Bergen Community College
Kathleen A. Parrow
Black Hills State University
Kathleen Paul
University of South Florida
Jody Peterson
Centralia College
Carla Rahn Phillips
University of Minnesota
Keith Pickus
Wichita State University
Linda J. Piper
University of Georgia
Marjorie Plummer
Western Kentucky University
Janet Polasky
University of New Hampshire
Thomas W. Porter
Randolph-Macon College
Charles A. Povlovich
California State University–Fullerton
Penne L. Prigge
Rockingham Community College
Nancy Rachels
Hillsborough Community College
Norman G. Raiford
Greenville Technical College
Charles Rearick
University of Massachusetts–Amherst
Jerome V. Reel Jr.
Clemson University
Roger Reese
Texas A&M University
William Roba
Scott Community College
Joseph Robertson
Gadsden State Community College
Jonathan Roth
San Jose State University
Constance M. Rousseau
Providence College
Beverly J. Rowe
Texarkana College
Julius R. Ruff
Marquette University
David L. Ruffley
Pikes Peak Community College
Geraldine Ryder
Ocean County College
Richard Saller
University of Chicago
Magdalena Sanchez
Texas Christian University
Jack Schanfield
Suffolk County Community College
Roger Schlesinger
Washington State University
Joanne Schneider
Rhode Island College
Thomas C. Schunk
University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh
Kyle C. Sessions
Illinois State University
Linda Simmons
Northern Virginia Community College–Manassas
Donald V. Sippel
Rhode Island College
Stuart Smyth
University at SUNY–Albany
Glen Spann
Asbury College
Heath A. Spencer
Seattle University
John W. Steinberg
Georgia Southern University
Robert P. Stephens
Virginia Tech Paul W. Strait
Florida State University
James E. Straukamp
California State University–Sacramento
Brian E. Strayer
Andrews University
Fred Suppe
Ball State University
Roger Tate
Somerset Community College
Tom Taylor
Seattle University
Emily Teipe
Fullerton College
David Tengewall
Anne Arundel Community College
Jack W. Th acker
Western Kentucky University
Thomas Turley
Santa Clara University
John G. Tuthill
University of Guam
Maarten Ultee
University of Alabama
Donna L.Van Raaphorst
Cuyahoga Community College
J. Barry Vaughn
University of Alabama
Allen M.Ward
University of Connecticut
Richard D. Weigel
Western Kentucky University
Michael Weiss
Linn-Benton Community College
Arthur H.Williamson
California State University–Sacramento
Daniel Woods
Ferrum College
Katherine Workman
Wright State University
Judith T. Wozniak
Cleveland State University
Walter J. Wussow
University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire
Edwin M. Yamauchi
Miami University
Robert W. Young
Carroll Community College
The following individuals contributed suggestions for the eighth edition:
Owen Bradley
Columbia College at Coast Guard Island
Daniel Bubb
Gonzaga University
Jane Laurel Carrington
St. Olaf College
Elizabeth Collins
Triton College
Michael Dolski
Ball State University
Hugh Dubrulle
Saint Anselm College
Carla Falkner
Northeast Mississippi Community College
Jennifer Foray
Purdue University
Carol Herringer
Wright State University
Martin Menke
Rivier College
Wyatt Moulds
Jones County Junior College
Ted Petro
New England College
Kevin Robbins
Indiana University
Purdue University–Indianapolis
Eric C. Roberson
Wake Technical Community College
Matthew Ruane
Florida Institute of Technology
Mark Edward Ruff
Saint Louis University
Thomas J. Schaeper
St. Bonaventure University
Sergei Zhuk
Ball State University
The editors at Cengage Wadsworth have been both helpful and congenial at all times. I especially wish to thank Clark Baxter, whose clever wit, wisdom, gentle prodding, and good friendship have added much depth to our working relationship. Margaret Beasley thoughtfully, wisely, efficiently, and pleasantly guided the overall development of the eighth edition. I also thank Nancy Blaine for her suggestions and valuable insights. I also want to express my gratitude to John Orr, whose good humor, well-advised suggestions, and generous verbal sup
port made the production process easier. Pat Lewis, a truly outstanding copy editor, continued to teach me much about the fine points of the English language. Abigail Baxter provided valuable assistance in suggesting illustrations and obtaining permissions for the illustrations.