51. Brothers on a Short Journey
52. The Oratory of the Monastery
53. The Reception of Guests
54. Letters or Gifts for Monks
55. The Clothing and Footwear of the Brothers
56. The Abbot’s Table
57. The Artisans of the Monastery
58. The Procedure for Receiving Brothers
59. The Offering of Sons by Nobles or by the Poor
60. The Admission of Priests to the Monastery
61. The Reception of Visiting Monks
62. The Priests of the Monastery
63. Community Rank
64. The Election of an Abbot
65. The Prior of the Monastery
66. The Porter of the Monastery
67. Brothers Sent on a Journey
68. Assignment of Impossible Tasks to a Brother
69. The Presumption of Defending Another in the Monastery
70. The Presumption of Striking Another Monk at Will
71. Mutual Obedience
72. The Good Zeal of Monks
73. This Rule Only a Beginning of Perfection
Part Three
APPENDIX
Longer Expositions of Monastic Topics
1. MONASTIC TERMINOLOGY: MONK, CENOBITE, NUN
The term “monk”
The term monachus in Latin use
The tradition of kinds of monks
The monastic terminology for women
2. THE ABBOT
The title abbas
Spiritual fatherhood in the Scriptures and early Christian tradition
The abba in the Egyptian desert
The abba in Egyptian cenobitism
The superior in other cenobitic traditions
Benedict’s understanding of the abbot
The fatherhood of Christ
How the abbot exercises his office
The abbot as administrator
The choice and installation of the abbot
3. THE LITURGICAL CODE IN THE RULE OF BENEDICT
Times for prayer in the primitive Church
Egyptian monastic tradition (fourth century)
The cathedral tradition of the Divine Office (fourth century)
Urban monastic tradition
The hours of prayer in the RB
The relation between RM and RB
Benedict and the Roman Office
Liturgical vocabulary in RB
Times and seasons in the Rule of Benedict
The Eucharist in RB
Psalmody and prayer in RB
Summary
4. THE DISCIPLINARY MEASURES IN THE RULE OF BENEDICT
The historical context
Main characteristics of corrective legislation in RB
Excommunication in practice and in theory
Excommunication and the New Covenant
Exclusion from prayer
Corporal punishment
Application of penalties in specific instances
Conclusion
5. MONASTIC FORMATION AND PROFESSION
Formation and profession before St. Benedict
Reception and formation in the RB
Monastic profession according to the RB
The content of profession in the RB
6. THE ROLE AND INTERPRETATION OF SCRIPTURE IN THE RULE OF BENEDICT
The literal and non-literal interpretation of Scripture
7. THE RULE OF ST. BENEDICT AND THE RULE OF THE MASTER
A Table of Correspondences
RM 2 and RB 2–3 Arranged for Comparative Study
Part Four
CLASSIFIED REFERENCE RESOURCES
Guides to Investigation
A SELECTED LATIN CONCORDANCE
THEMATIC INDEX
Abbot
Authority
Avarice
Care and Concern
Christ
Community
Conversion
Death
Discipline
Forgiveness
God
Grace
Grumbling
Guests
Healing
House of God
Humility
Joy
Justice
Life
Listening
Love
Mass
Measure
Monastic leaders
Monastic rituals
Monk
Obedience
Paschal mystery
Peace
Prayer
Pride
Rule
Scripture
Service
Silence
Stability
Stewardship
Will
Word of God
Zeal
INDEXES OF SCRIPTURE IN RB
Scripture to RB
RB to Scripture
INDEXES OF PATRISTIC AND ANCIENT WORKS IN RB
Patristic and Ancient Works to RB
RB to Patristic and Ancient Works
BENEDICTINE MONKS AND NUNS OF NORTH AMERICA
American Benedictine Monks
American Benedictine Nuns
GENERAL INDEX
Name Index
ABBREVIATIONS
ABR The American Benedictine Review
ActSS Acta Sanctorum
ACW Ancient Christian Writers
ANF Ante-Nicene Fathers
BAC Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos
BM Benediktinische Monatschrift
CCL Corpus Christianorum, Series Latina
CollCist Collectanea Cisterciensia
CS Cistercian Studies
CSCO Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium
CSEL Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum
DACL Dictionnaire d’Archéologie Chrétienne et de Liturgie
DR Downside Review
DS Dictionnaire de Spiritualité, Ascétique et Mystique
EA Erbe und Auftrag
FC Fathers of the Church
GCS Die Griechischen Christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten Jahrhunderte
ICC International Critical Commentary
LCL Loeb Classical Library
MGH Monumenta Germaniae Historica
MS Monastic Studies
NPNF Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers
PG Patrologiae Cursus Completus, Series Graeca
PL Patrologiae Cursus Completus, Series Latina
PLS Patrologiae Cursus Completus, Supplementum
PO Patrologia Orientalis
RAM Revue d’Ascétique et de Mystique
RBén Revue Bénédictine
RBS Regulae Benedicti Studia
RechSR Recherches de Science Religieuse
RHE Revue d’Histoire Ecclésiastique
SC Sources Chrétiennes
SM Studia Monastica
SMGBO Studien und Mitteilungen zur Geschichte des Benediktinerordens und seiner Zweige
StA Studia Anselmiana
TU Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur
ZKG Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte
ZThK Zeitschrift für Theologie und Kirche
de Vogüé 1–7 La Règle de saint Benoît, ed. and comment. Adalbert de Vogüé and Jean Neufville, Sources Chrétiennes 181–186 (Paris: Les Éditions du Cerf 1971–72); vol. 7(Paris: Les Éditions du Cerf 1977), not included in the Sources Chrétiennes series.
de Vogüé, La communauté Adalbert de Vogüé, La communauté et l’abbé dans la Règle de saint Benoît (Paris: Desclée de Brouwer 1961).
SHORT TITLES OF PATRISTIC
AND ANCIENT WORKS
This list of Short Titles gives the full bibliographical entry for each Patristic and Ancient work referred to in this volume. English translations are indicated, if available. For the sake of consistency, all works are given their Latin titles and abbreviations, no matter what their original language. Authors’ names, however, are given in an English form for
the sake of those unfamiliar with the Latin form.
Act.Anastasiae = Acta SS. Anastasiae, Chrysogoni, Chioniae, Irenes et Agapes, Theodotae:ActSS Apr. and H. Delehave, Étude sur le légendier romain (Brussels: Société des Bollandistes 1936).
Act.S.Sebast.=Passio S. Sebastiani (Ps-Ambrosius):PL 17.1021; Act SS Jan.
Act.Thomae= Acta Thomae:M. Bonnet, Acta apostolorum apocrypha (Leipzig: Hermannum Mendelssohn 1903) 2 (Greek); Eng.:ANF 8; E. Hennecke, New Testament Apocrypha (London: Lutterworth 1965) 2.
Alc. vita Will. =Alcuin, Vita S. Willibrordi:PL 101.693; MGH SSRM 7; Eng.:C. H. Talbot, The Anglo-Saxon Missionaries in Germany (New York: Sheed and Ward 1954); C. Albertson, Anglo-Saxon Saints and Heroes (New York: Fordham Univ. Press 1967).
Ambr. apol.Dav. = Ambrose, De apologia prophetae David:PL 14.851; CSEL 32,2.
Ambr. epist. =Ambrose, Epistulae:PL 16.876; Eng.:FC 26.
Ambr. exhort.virg.= Ambrose, Exhortatio virginitatis:PL 16.335.
Ambr. explan.ps. = Ambrose, Explanatio super psalmos xii:PL 14.921; CSEL 64.
Ambr. expos. de psalm. = Ambrose, Expositio de psalmo cxviii:PL 15.1197; CSEL 42.
Ambr. fid. ad Grat. = Ambrose, De fide ad Gratianum:PL 16.527; CSEL 78; Eng.:NPNF ser.2,10.
Ambr. hex. = Ambrose, Hexaemeron:PL 14.123; CSEL 32,1; Eng.:FC 42.
Ambr. in Luc. = Ambrose, Expositio Evangelii secundum Lucam:PL 15.1527; CCL 14.
Ambr. off. = Ambrose, De officiis ministrorum:PL 16.23; G. Banterle (Milano: Biblioteca Ambrosiana 1977).
Ambr. paenit. = Ambrose, De paenitentia:PL 16.465; CSEL 73.
Ambr. virg. = Ambrose, De virginibus:PL 16.187; E. Cazzaniga (Turin: I. B. Paravia 1948).
Ammon. epist. = Ammonius, Epistula ad Theophilum de Pachomio et Theodoro:F. Halkin, S. Pachomii Vitae graecae, Subsidia Hag. 19 (Brussels: Société des Bollandistes 1932).
Anon. hist.abb. = Historia abbatum anonyma (Vita Ceolfridi):C. Plummer, Baedae opera historica (Oxford: The Clarendon Press 1896) 1; Eng.:Albertson (see Alc. vita Will, above).
Apoph. = Apophthegmata patrum:PG 65.71; J.-C. Guy, Recherches sur la tradition grecque des Apophthegmata Patrum (Brussels: Société des Bollandistes 1962); Eng.:B. Ward, The Sayings of the Desert Fathers (Kalamazoo, Mich.: Cist. Publ. 1975). See Vitae patr., Verb. senior.
Arist. apol. = Aristides, Apologia: J. R. Harris and J. A. Robinson, The Apology of Aristides on Behalf of the Christians, Texts and Studies 1,1 (Cambridge 1893); E. Hennecke, Die Apologie des Aristides, TU 4.3 (Leipzig 1893); Eng.:Harris-Robinson, as above; ANF 9.
Arnob. ad Greg. =Arnobius the Younger, Liber ad Gregoriam:PLS 3.221; G. Morin, Études, textes, découvertes (Maredsous: Éditions de l’Abbaye 1913) 1.
Ath. epist. i ad Orsisium =Athanasius, Epistula i ad Orsisium:PG 26.977; see Vita prima 150.
Ath. narr.Ammon.=Athanasius, Narratio ad Ammonium episcopum de fuga sua:PG 26.980; also found in Ammon, epist.
Ath. vita Anton.=see Vita Anton.
Aug. c.Cresc. = Augustine, Contra Cresconium:PL 43.445; CSEL 52.
Aug. c.Faust.= Augustine, Contra Faustum Manichaeum:PL 42.207; CSEL 25,1; Eng.:NPNF ser.1,4.
Aug. c.Parm.= Augustine, Contra epistulam Parmeniani:PL 43.33; CSEL 51.
Aug. civ. = Augustine, De civitate Dei:PL 41.13; CCL 47 and 48; Eng. Innumerable editions; useful are those by Dutton Co., in the Everyman series, and Doubleday, in Image Books.
Aug. conf. = Augustine, Confessiones:PL 32.659; CSEL 33,1; Eng.:Innumerable editions, of which the best is F. J. Sheed (London: Sheed and Ward 1943), regularly reprinted.
Aug. cons.evang. = Augustine, De consensu Evangelistarum:PL 34.1041; CSEL 43; Eng.:NPNF ser.1,6.
Aug. de mend.= Augustine, De mendacio:PL 40.487; CSEL 41; Eng.:FC 16.
Aug. epist. = Augustine, Epistulae:PL 33.61; PLS 2.359; CSEL 34,44,57,58; Eng.:NPNF ser.1,1 (fairly complete); FC 12,18,20,30,32.
Aug. in Ioan. = Augustine, In Ioannis Evangelium tractatus 124:PL 35.1379; CCL 36; Eng .:NPNF ser.1,7.
Aug. in psalm. = Augustine, Enarrationes in psalmos:PL 36.67; CCL 38,39,40; Eng.: NPNF ser.1,8; also ACW 29–30.
Aug. mor.eccl. = Augustine, De moribus Ecclesiae catholicae et de moribus Manichaeorum:PL 32.1309; Eng.:FC 56.
Aug. nat. et grat. = Augustine, De natura et gratia:PL 44.247; CSEL 60; Eng: NPNF ser. 1,5; also Basic Writings (New York: Random House 1948) 1.
Aug. obiur. = Augustine, Obiurgatio (= epist. 211,1-4):PL 33.958; CSEL 57; L. Verheijen, La régle de saint Augustin, 2 vols. (Paris: Études Augustiniennes 1967) 1; Eng.:FC 32.
Aug. op.mon.= Augustine, De opere monachorum:PL 40.547; CSEL 51; Eng.:FC 16.
Aug. ord.mon. = see Ps-Aug. ord.mon.
Aug. quaest. in Hept.= Augustine, Quaestiones in Heptateuchum:PL 34.547; CSEL 28, 2, 3; CCL 33.
Aug. reg.serv. = Augustine, Regula ad servos Dei (also called Praeceptum): PL 32.1377; D. de Bruyne “La première règle de saint Benoît” RBén 42 (1930) 316–342 (text 320–326); Verheijen, 1 (see Aug. obiur. above); Eng.:FC 32 (=Letter 211).
Aug. serm.= Augustine, Sermones. PL 38–39; PLS 2.742; Eng.selected sermons in NPNF ser.1,6; FC 11, 38; ACW 5, 15.
Aug. serm. Morin Guelf.= Augustine, Sermones codicis Guelferbytani:PLS 2.593; G. Morin, Miscellanea Agosinmiana (Roma: Tipografia Poliglotta Vaticana 1930) 1.
Aug. tract. in Ioan. = Augustine, In Ioannis epistulam ad Parthos, tractatus x:PL 35.1977; Eng.:NPNF ser.1,7; also: Augustine, Later Works, Library of Christian Classics (London: SCM 1954).
Baedae hist.abb. = Bede, Vita beatorum abbatum Benedicti, Ceolfridi, Eosterwini, Sigfridi atque Hwaetberhti:PL 94.713; C. Plummer, Baedae opera historica (Oxford: The Clarendon Press 1896) 1; Eng.:LCL.
Baedae in 1 Ioan. = Bede, Super epistulam 1 Sancti Ioannis:PL 93.85.
Basil, ad fil. = Basil(?), Admonitio ad filium spiritalem (tr. Rufin.):PL 103.683; P. Lehmann, Die Admonitio S. Basilii ad filium spiritalem, in Sitzungsber. der Bay. Akad. der Wissensch. Philolog.-histor. Klasse 7 (1955–57); Eng.:H. W. Norman, The Anglo-Saxon Version of the Hexameron of St. Basil and the Saxon Remains of St. Basil’s Admonitio ad Filium Spiritalem, with a Translation (London 1848).
Basil, ad mon. =Basil, Admonitio ad monachos:PG 31.648; A. Wilmart “Le discours de Saint Basile sur l’ascèse et latin” RBén 27 (1910) 228–231; Eng.:W.K.L. Clarke, The Ascetical Works of St. Basil (London: SPCK 1925).
Basil, epist. = Basil, Epistulae:PG 32.220; Y. Courtonne, Saint Basile: Lettres (Paris: Société d’édition Les Belles Lettres 1957, 1961, 1966); Eng.:FC 13 and 28; LCL.
Basil, in psalm. = Basil, Homiliae super psalmos:PG 29.209; tr. Rufin. in psalm. I et LIX:PG 31.1723,1790; G. Morin, Anecdota Maredsolana, 4 vols. (Maredsous: Monastery of St. Benedict 1893–1932) 3.2.
Basil, reg. = Basil, Asceticon parvum (tr. Rufin.):PL 103.483; Eng.:Clarke, as above.
Basil, reg.fus. = Basil, Regulae fusius tractatae:PG 31.889; Eng.:Clarke.
Caes.Arel. epist. ad virg. =Caesarius of Arles, Epistula hortatoria ad virginem Deo dicatam:PL 67.1135; G. Morin, S. Caesarii opera omnia (Maredsous: Éditions de l’Abbaye 1942) 2.
Caes.Arel. recapit. = Caesarius of Arles, Recapitulatio statutorum sanctarum virginum:Morin, 2.
Caes.Arel. reg.mon. =Caesarius of Arles, Regula monachorum:PL 67.1099; Morin, 2.
Caes.Arel. reg.virg. =Caesarius of Arles, Statuta sanctarum virginum:PL 67.1105; Morin, 2.
Cassian. conl. = Cassian, Conlationes:PL 49.477; CSEL 13; SC 42,54,64; Eng.:NPNF ser.2,2.
Cassian. inst.=Cassian, De institutis coenobiorum:PL 49.53; CSEL 17; SC 109; Eng.: NPNF ser.2,11.
Chrom.Aquil. serm. = Chromatius of Aquileia, Sermo de octo beatitudinibus:PL 20.323; CCL 9.
Clem, ad Cor. =Pope Clement I, Epistula ad Corinthios:PG 5.661; F. X. Funk and K. Bihlmeyer, Die apostolischen Väter, 2nd ed. (Tübingen: Mohr 1956); Eng.:ACW 1; FC 5; LCL. See Ps-Clem. ad Cor. 2.
Clem. paed. = Clement of Alexandria, Paedagogus:PG 8.247; GCS 12; Eng
.: ANF 2; FC 23.
Clem. strom. =Clement of Alexandria, Stromata:PG 8.685–9.9; GCS 15 (Books 1–6); 17 (Books 7–8); SC 30; Eng.:ANF 2.
Concil.Agathense a. 506=Concilium Agathense anno 506: Morin, S. Caesarii opera omnia, 2.
Concil. Gerund, a. 517=Concilium Gerundense anno 517: Mansi, Concil. ampliss. coll. 8.549.
Cypr. ad Demet. = Cyprian, Ad Demetrianum:PL 4.544; CSEL 3,1; Eng.ANF 5.
Cypr. ad Don.= Cyprian, Ad Donatum:PL 4.192; CSEL 3,1; Eng.:ACW 20.
Cypr. ad Fort.= Cyprian, Ad Fortunatum (De exhortatione martyrii):PL 4.651; CSEL 3,1; Eng.:ANF 5.
Cypr. de laps. = Cyprian, De lapsis:PL 4.465; CSEL 3,1; Eng.: ANF 5.
Cypr. de mort. =Cyprian, De mortalitate:PL 4.583; CSEL 3,1; Eng.:ANF 5.
Cypr. de op. et el. = Cyprian, De opere et eleemosynis:PL 4.601; CSEL 3,1; Eng.: ANF 5.
Cypr. de pat. =Cyprian, De bono patientiae:PL 4.622; CSEL 3,1; Eng.:ACW 20.
Cypr. domin.orat. =Cyprian, De dominica oratione:PL 4.520; 47.1113; CSEL 3,1; Eng.:ACW 20.
Cypr. eccl.unit.= Cyprian, De catholicae ecclesiae unitate:PL 4.465; PLS 1.45; CSEL 3,1; Eng.:ANF 5.
Cypr. epist. =Cyprian, Epistulae:PL 4.224; CSEL 3,2; Eng.:ANF 5 (with different numbering); FC 51.
Cypr. hab.virg. = Cyprian, De habitu virginum:PL 4.440; CSEL 3,1; Eng.ACW 20.
Cypr. quod idola = Cyprian, Quod idola dii non sint:PL 4.564; CSEL 3,1; Eng. ANF 5.
Cypr. testim. = Cyprian, Ad Quirinum (Testimoniorum 1.3):PL 4.675; CSEL 3,1; Eng.:ANF 5.
Cypr. zel. et liv.= Cyprian, De zelo et livore:PL 4.638; CSEL 3,1; Eng.:ANF 5. Decret.Gelasianum=Decretum Gelasianum de libris recipiendis et non recipiendis:PL 59.157; 62.537; E. von Dobschütz, in TU 38 (1912).
Diad. cap.gnost. = Diadochus of Photike, Capita centum gnostica:PG 65.1167; SC 5bis.
Didache=Didache:PG 5.661; Funk-Bihlmeyer (see Clem, ad Cor. above); Eng.:ACW 1; FC 5; LCL.
Didasc.apost.=Didascalia apostolorum:.F.X. Funk, Didascalia et constitutiones Apostolorum (Paderborn: Ferdinand Schoeningh 1905) 1; Eng.: R. H. Connolly, Didascalia Apostolorum: The Syriac Version translated and accompanied by the Verona Latin fragments (Oxford: The Clarendon Press 1929).
Digesta= Justinian, Corpus Iuris Civilis:Digesta (Pandectae) anno 533 (in part PL 72.921) ed. Th. Mommsen, P. Krüger, R. Schoell, W. Kroll (Berlin: Weidmann 1908–12) 1–3.
Donat, reg. ad virg. = Donatus, Regula ad virgines:PL 87.273.
Edd.Steph. vita Wilf.= Eddius Stephanus, Vita Wilfridi: B. Colgrave, The Life of Bishop Wilfrid by Eddius Stephanus (Cambridge Univ. Press 1927); Eng.:Colgrave and Albertson (see Alc. vita Will. above).