72 Fenton, Journal, pp. 68-9.
73 Fenton, Journal, p. 321.
74 Mason, Guardians, pp. 129-30.
75 Byron Farwell, Armies of the Raj (London: 1990), p. 141.
76 Hervey, Soldier of the Company PP. 39-40.
77 Russell, Mutiny Diary p. 284.
78 Russell, Mutiny Diary pp. 118-19.
79 Lunt (ed.), Sepoy to Subedar, p. 26.
80 Captain J. H. Leslie, Masonic Calendar for the Punjab District for the Year 1895-6, p. 20.
81 Masonic Year Book 1919, passim.
82 Wolseley, Story I, p. 82. Vaughan subsequently died of his wounds, but recounted this story before doing so.
83 George Carter journal in British Library Oriental and India Office Collection, Mss Eur E262.
84 Gordon, Soldier of the Raj, p. 146.
85 I was amused to read in Martin Short’s Inside the Brotherhood (London: 1989) that masons had the Territorial Army of my day ‘sewn up’. I rose from private soldier to become its senior serving officer. I am not, nor have I ever been, a mason.
86 Wilberforce, Unrecorded Chapter, P. 34.
87 Rees, Personal Narrative, p. 62.
88 Richards, Old Soldier, p. 75.
89 Major A. T. Moore, Notes for Officers Proceeding to India (Chatham: 1912), p. 26.
90 Quoted in Farwell, Armies, p. 59.
91 David Dilkes, Curzon in India (London: 1968), II, pp. 253-4.
92 The best account of the whole disgraceful episode is in Anglesey, British Cavalry IV, pp. 498-502.
93 Mosley, Curzon, p. 100.
94 Richards, Old Soldier, p. 109.
95 Gomm to Lt Gen. R. J. H. Birch, July 1851, in Gomm Papers, National Army Museum 1987-11-116-143.
96 Tuker (ed.), Henry Metcalfe, pp. 19-20.
97 ‘Courts Martial of British Officers in India 1861-75’, British Library Oriental and India Office Collections, L/Mil/5/674.
98 Register in National Archives, WO 88/1.
99 Mason, Matter of Honour, caption facing p. 112.
100 Hervey, Soldier of the Company, p. 44.
101 The notions of monotheism and polytheism do not really make sense when applied to Hindu thought. The individual gods and goddesses of Hinduism exist as images, or as representations of various aspects of life, but are not generally believed to have an independent existence. This level of subtlety was lost on many (though by no means all) British officers and men, some of whom thought of the Hindu pantheon in the most literal many-armed, multivisaged, cosmic-dancing way. And I cannot deny a sneaking affection for the Lord Ganesh. See Mel Thompson, Eastern Philosophy (London: 1999), p. 9.
102 Holman, Sikander Sahib, p. 234.
103 Marsham (ed.), Havelock, p. 21.
104 Marsham (ed.), Havelock, pp. 36-7.
105 Letters of William Porter, British Library Oriental and India Office Collections, Mss Eur G128.
106 Mountain, Memoirs and Letters, p. 267.
107 Sherer, Daily Life, p. 5.
108 Forbes-Mitchell, Reminiscences, P. 13.
109 David, Indian Mutiny, pp. 72-3.
110 Diary of Richard Hardcastle, British Library Oriental and India Office Collections, Photo Eur 332.
111 Bromfield (ed.), Lahore to Lucknow, p. 112.
112 Forbes-Mitchell, Reminiscences, P. 93.
113 Inglis, Siege of Lucknow, pp. 60-1.
114 ‘Private Charles Goodward’, in Brander (ed.), Sword and Pen, P. 93.
115 Wolseley, Story, I, p. 376.
116 Quennell (ed.), William Hickey, IV, pp. 170-1.
117 Anglesey (ed.), Pearman’s Memoirs, p. 65.
118 Rotton, The Chaplain’s Narrative, p. 98.
119 Anson, With HM 9th Lancers, p. 25.
120 Wilberforce, Unrecorded Chapter, pp. 130-3.
121 Rees, Personal Narrative, pp. 217-18.
122 Rees, Personal Narrative, p. 217.
123 VC citation quoted in Anglesey, British Cavalry, III, p. 63.
124 Forbes-Mitchell, Reminiscences, pp. 256-7.
125 Callwell, Stray Recollections, I, P. 253.
126 Quoted in Anglesey, Cavalry, II, P. 338.
127 Sherer, Daily Life, pp. 101-2.
128 Cotton, Inscriptions, p. 230.
129 Fraser, Sixty Years, p. 160.
130 ‘Lieutenant Walter Campbell’, in Brander (ed.), Sword and Pen, p. 81.
131 ‘Lieutenant Walter Campbell’, in Brander (ed.), Sword and Pen, p. 84.
132 Roberts, Forty-One Years, p. 295.
133 Elers, Memoirs, pp. 93-4.
134 ‘Lieutenant Walter Campbell’, in Brander (ed.), Sword and Pen, p. 85.
135 Heathcote, Indian Army, p. 158.
136 George Carter journal in British Library Oriental and India Office Collections, Mss Eur E262.
137 Dodwell and Miles, Alphabetical List of Officers of the Indian Army (London: 1838), passim..
138 Hervey, Soldier of the Company, p. 101.
139 Inglis, Siege of Lucknow, p. 39.
140 Vansittart (ed.), From Minnie, with Love, p. 112.
141 Captain Birch’s account in Inglis, Siege of Lucknow, p. 79.
142 Pearse, East Surrey Regiment, p. 337.
143 Fenton, Journal, p. 77.
144 Elers, Memoirs, p. 57.
145 Heathcote, Indian Army, p. 149.
146 Quennell (ed.), William Hickey, IV, pp. 21-2.
147 Cotton, List of Inscriptions, p. 184.
148 Elers, Memoirs, pp. 83-4.
149 Elers, Memoirs, pp. 81-9.
150 Wood, Gunner at Large, p. 144.
151 Forbes-Mitchell, Reminiscences, p. 217.
152 Pran Nevil, Glimpses of the Raj (Somaiya: 1998), p. 10.
153 Kenneth Ballhatchet, Race, Sex and Class under The Raj (London: 1980), passim.
154 Gordon, Soldier of the Raj, p. 119.
155 Richards, Old Soldier, pp. 198-9.
156 Richards, Old Soldier, pp. 77-8.
157 Quoted in Farwell, Armies of the Raj, p. 152.
158 Quoted in Allen, Soldier Sahibs, p. 240.
159 Maud Diver, The Englishman in India (London: 1909), p. 18.
160 Andrew Ward, Our Bones Are Scattered: The Cawnpore Massacres and the Indian Mutiny of 1857 (London: 1996), pp. 416-17.
161 Coghill account in National Army Museum, 7207-4-1.
162 Quoted in Pat Barr, The Memsahibs (London: 1976), pp. 11-12.
163 Fenton, Journal, pp. 90-1.
164 Dickinson (ed.), Miss Eden’s Letters, pp. 287-8.
165 Low (ed.), Fifty Years, p. 62.
166 Smith, Victorian RSM, p. 21.
167 Swinson and Scott (eds), Waterfield, p. 107.
168 Anglesey, Cavalry, I, p. 131.
169 Gunner Alfred Wilson in British Library Oriental and India Office Collections, Photo Mss Eur 333.
170 Anglesey (ed.), Pearman’s Memoirs, p. 60.
171 Letter in British Library Oriental and India Office Collections, Photo Mss Eur 361.
172 General Sir Neville Lyttelton, Eighty Years Soldiering, Politics, Games (London: 1927), p. 79.
173 Fane, Miss Fane, p. 86.
174 M. M. Kay, The Golden Calm: An English Lady’s Life in Moghul Delhi (Exeter: 1980), p. 215.
175 Woodruff, Guardians, p. 124.
176 Lawrence, India We Served, p. 59.
177 Russell, Mutiny Diary, pp. 26-7.
178 Lawrence, India We Served, p. 58.
179 Quoted in Barr, Memsahibs, p. 97.
180 Anglesey (ed.), Pearman’s Memoirs, p. 68.
181 ‘A Grenadier’s Diary’, in British Library Oriental and India Office Collections, Photo Mss Eur 097.
182 Diary of Sapper Thomas Burford in British Library Oriental and India Office Collections, Photo Mss Eur 283.
183 Staff Surgeon J. Jeffreys, The British Army in India (London: 1858), p. 101.
184 Wonnacott Collection in the British Library Oriental and India Office Collections, Mss Eur 376/3.
185 Wonnacott C
ollection in the British Library Oriental and India Office Collections, Mss Eur C 376/3.
186 Correspondence of Conductor William Porter in British Library Oriental and India Office Collections, Mss Eur G128.
187 Marsham (ed.), Havelock, p. 44.
188 MacGregor, Life and Opinions, I, p. 330.
189 Roberts, Forty-One Years, pp. 265, 273, 303.
190 Daly, Memoirs, p. 217.
Envoi
1 De Rhé-Philipe and Irving, Soldiers of the Raj, p. 4.
2 De Rhé-Philipe and Irving, Soldiers of the Raj, p. 156.
3 Lawrence, India We Served, p. 93.
4 Shephard, Coote, p. 190.
5 Muter, Recollections, p. 258.
6 Bayley, Reminiscences, pp. 205-6.
7 Griffiths, Narrative, pp. 190-1.
8 Elers, Memoirs, p. 189.
9 John Ryder, ‘Four Years Service in India, by a Private Soldier’, appendix to Swinson and Scott (eds), Waterfield, p. 180.
10 Anglesey (ed.), Pearman’s Memoirs, pp. 115-16.
11 Richards, Old Soldier, p. 335.
12 Daly (ed.), Memoirs, pp. 330-1.
13 Kipling, ‘One Viceroy Resigns’, in Kipling’s Verse, p. 68.
14 Wardrop, Pig-Sticking, p. 290.
15 Aliph Cheem is the pen name of Walter Yeldham.
INDEX
The pagination of this electronic edition does not match the edition from which it was created. To locate a specific passage, please use the search feature of your e–book reader.
Ranks and titles are generally the highest mentioned in the text
Abbot, General Sir James 199, 202–3
Abbotabad 203
Abdurrahman Khan, Amir of Afghanistan 86
Adams, RevdJ. W., VC 467
Addiscombe Military Seminary 214, 250, 253
Aden 187
adjutant birds, trick practised on 166–7
adjutants 219
Adlercron, Colonel 182
Afghan artillery 355
Afghan Wars
First (1839–42) 55–9, 85
Second (1878–80) 82, 85–6
Afghanistan, barrier against Russian expansion 59
Agg, Lieutenant James 220
Agnew, Patrick Alexander Vans 66, 67
Agra 38, 39, 276
barracks 143–4
Agra Tent Club 168
Ahmed Shah Durrani, Amir of Afghanistan 54
Ahmednagar, capture (1803) 312, 376
Akbar, Mughal emperor 28, 36, 39, 40
Akbar Khan 56, 57, 58, 397
Ala-ud-din Khalji, Sultan of Delhi 36
Aligarh, capture (1803) 310
Aliwal, battle (1846) 5, 65, 367–8, 416, 499
Allahabad 139, 316
Allard, Jean François 62, 306
Allen, Major 478–9
allowances 72, 272–3
Amboina massacre (1623) 45, 46
ammunition, artillery 337–40
canister 337, 340
common shell 338
grapeshot 340
roundshot 337, 338, 339–40
shrapnel shells 337, 338
spherical case 337
amputations 403, 404
Ananti Ram 260
Anderson, Lieutenant William 66, 67
Andrews, Lieutenant Thomas 243
Andrews, Sub-Conductor William 238
Anglo-Indians xxvi–xxvii
Anson, General the Hon. George 74–5, 473
Anson, Major Octavius 76–7, 148, 420, 465
Anti-Opium Society 435
apartheid attitudes, development of 72
Arcot 47
Arcot, Nawab of 50, 51
Argaum, battle (1803) 55, 333
Army Bearer Corps 257
Army of the Deccan (1817–18) 274, 281
Army of the Indus 55–6, 377–9
Army of Retribution 58
Army Temperance Association 434
arrack 417, 418
artillery, British
breaching batteries 381
counter-battery role 336
organisation 220
artillery, British – cont.
siege batteries, on parade 382–3
siege trains 381–2
see also horse artillery; Royal Artillery
artillery fire, advances under 342–3, 345–6
artillery, Indian 337
Afghan 355
Maratha 333
Mysore 332–3
Sikh 8–9, 333
Assaye, battle (1803) 55, 294, 311, 321, 328, 333, 336–7, 364, 402, 499–500
Aston, Colonel Henry Hervey 161, 225, 478–9
Atkins, Richard Riley 427
attitudes, British
offensive towards Indians 452–4
tranformation of 445–9
Attock 205
bridge across Indus at 26–7, 196
Auckland, George Eden, 1st Earl of [Governor General, 1836–42] 55, 58, 59, 61
Aurangzeb, Mughal emperor 39–40
Avitabile, Paolo di 62, 306–7
Ayub Khan, governor of Herat 86, 354
Aziz Khan, Subadar Major 299
Babur (Zahir-ud-din Muhammad) 38–9
Badli ke Serai, battle (1857) xxxii, 75, 230, 337–8, 341, 345–6, 353
Bahadur Shah II, King of Delhi 43, 74, 77
Baird, Major General Sir David 278, 386–7
Baji Rao II, Maratha Peshwa 71
Bancroft, Staff Sergeant Nathaniel W. 8, 10, 18, 130, 138–9, 235, 265, 294–325. 334. 340. 409, 418
bandmasters 137
bands, regimental 136–7, 145
Bangalore 140, 374
Banks, Sir Joseph 448–9
Banks, Major 390
Bannu 204, 205, 208–9
Barasat, Bengal, military college at 250
Bareilly 34, 467
Barnard, Major General Sir Henry 75, 77, 230, 353, 473
Barnsley, Corporal George 289
Baroda 83
Barr, Second Lieutenant 344
Barrackpore 73
barracks 138–9, 142–4
sanitation 469
see also Chatham Barracks, Kent
Barry, Charlotte 436–7
Barsotelli, Signor 148
Barter, Lieutenant Richard xxxii, 32–3, 184, 230, 337–8, 341, 345–6, 362
Bartrum, Kate 391, 395
Bartrum, Richard 391, 395
Bassano, Ensign Alfred 282
bat [slang] 175, 176–7
bathing, daily 160–1
batta 53, 72, 272–3
Battye, Lieutenant Colonel Frederick 247
Battye, George 247
Battye, Major Leigh 247
Battye, Lieutenant Quentin 247
Battye, Richmond 247
Battye, Major Wigram 247
Bayley, Clive 491
Bayley, Emily 491
Bayley, Major J. A. 98, 113–14, 129, 139, 152, 165, 265, 407, 501
bayonet attacks 337, 346–7
bayonets 348, 350
Bayram Khan 39
beer 420, 422
Bellars, Lieutenant 2
Bellasis, Captain John Harvey 305
Bengal 49
climatic variation 30–1
Permanent Settlement 53
sepoys’ grounds for complaint 71–2
analysis of officers 248–9
close to mutiny in 1857 73
Bengal Club, Calcutta 157
Bennet, Colour Sergeant John 385–6
Bennett, Private 277
Benson, Colonel 9–10
Bentinck, General Lord William Cavendish [Governor General, 1833–35] 185, 186, 246, 430
Benyon, Lieutenant W. G. L. 172, 298
Berhampore 115
Bernadotte, Sergeant Jean [later Marshal of France and King of Sweden] 217
Bernard, Father 466
Bertrand, Father 464, 465–6
Best, Captain Samuel 130
bheesties, regimental 127–8
Bhonsla of Berar 54, 55
Bhurtpore 374
siege (1805) 55, 321, 333, 387–8, 404
siege (1825) 214
bibis 436, 437, 438, 439
Bidar 374
Bihar 49
Bijapur 36
Bikaner, Maharaja of 290
Birkenhead (troopship), loss of (1852) 92–3
Black Hole of Calcutta (1756) 46
Blacker, Colonel Valentine 303
Blackford, Quartermaster Sergeant 489
Blake, George 308–9
blind wells 412
Blood, Lieutenant General Sir Bindon 86, 454–5
Blunt, Revd 464
Board of Control 52
Bokhapur 140
Bolton, Major 352
Bolton, Riding Master 320, 321
Bombay 45, 118–19, 120
Gateway to India 120
Bombay Army 254
bombs 381
Boyd, Dr 405
Brabazon, Captain 422
Brahmins 299
Brassey, Captain Willoughby 252
bravery, suicidal 316, 319
brewing industry 420
Bridgeman, Sergeant D. 450
brigadier 228, 230
brigadier general 228, 230
Brinjarries 256
British Army
breaking camp and on the march 121–6, 128–30, 136–7
encampment 131–2
enlistment, terms of 233
officers, social backgrounds 249–50
officers’ commissions 239
purchase 224–6
granted without purchase 227
pay, officers’ 224
promotion, of NCOs to officer 322
promotion, officers’
by brevet 322–3
by purchase 224–6
by seniority 219, 226, 227–8, 230–1
re-organisation (1881) 253
recruitment 221–3
British troops, ratio to Indian 216
Broadfoot, Major George 63, 214–15, 378, 397
Brooke, Brigadier ‘Bully’ 334, 336
Brooke, Brigadier General H. F. 124
brothels, regimental 436, 480–1, 483
Brown, Dr John 403
Brown, Lieutenant Tod 316
Browne, Captain James 29–30
Browne, Major General Sam, VC 486
Brownrigg, Captain 307–8
Brudenell, Lieutenant Colonel Lord see Cardigan, Earl of
Bryant, Lieutenant 312
Bryden, Dr William 34–5, 57–8, 396
bullets 356, 357
Bunerwals 195–6
bungalows 139, 141–2
Burford, Sapper Thomas 494
Burke, Edmund 52
Burma 85, 215, 273, 447
Burnes, Sir Alexander 42, 55, 56
Burns, Lance-Sergeant Sloper 223
Burr, Colonel 297, 298