17.Account given by Frans Mangelschots to the Belgian historian Henriëtte Claessens (a.k.a. Hauten), 20 Dec. 1989, in Hamilton, Reckless Youth, p. 862n, but unnoticed by other Kennedy biographers.
18.ibid.
19.ibid.
CHAPTER 46: ‘LIFE IS SO CRUEL’
1.Leamer, Kennedy Women, p. 378.
2.ibid., p. 379.
3.ibid.
4.McTaggart, Kathleen Kennedy, p. 187.
5.Smith, Hostage to Fortune, p. 600.
6.ibid., p. 601.
7.Leaming, Making of a President, p. 138.
8.Nasaw, Patriarch, p. 573.
9.KK to RK, 20 Sept. 1944, quoted in Smith, Hostage to Fortune, p. 601.
10.KFC, Billy and Kick diary.
11.This does not seem to have been previously noticed.
12.KK round-robin letter to family, 23 Sept. 1944, quoted in Smith, Hostage to Fortune, p. 603.
13.ibid.
14.23 Sept. 1944, quoted in ibid., p. 603.
15.23 Sept. 1944, quoted in ibid., p. 602.
16.ibid., p. 602.
17.Devonshire, Wait for Me!, p. 130.
18.Newspaper clipping in Kick’s papers, Evening Standard, 19 April 1945.
19.Quoted by KK, in letter to ‘Dearest Family’, 23 Sept. 1944, in Smith, Hostage to Fortune, p. 604.
20.Devonshire, Wait for Me!, p. 130.
21.Smith, Hostage to Fortune, p. 604.
22.Devonshire Collection, KK to Duchess of Devonshire (‘My dearest Dutch’), 8 Nov. 1944.
23.Devonshire, Wait for Me!, pp. 219–20.
24.Smith, Hostage to Fortune, p. 602.
25.ibid., pp. 602–3.
26.ibid., p. 602.
27.Nasaw, Patriarch, p. 574.
28.ibid., p. 577.
29.ibid.
30.JFK Papers, KK to ‘Dearest Jackie’, 31 Oct. 1944.
31.Leamer, Kennedy Women, p. 380.
32.ibid.
33.RK Papers, on Convent paper (undated), to RK.
34.RK Papers, KK to ‘Dearest family’, 24 Jan. 1945.
35.ibid., 6 Feb. 1945.
36.RK Papers.
37.RK Papers, undated letter to parents.
38.Catherine Bailey, Black Diamonds: The Rise and Fall of an English Dynasty (2007), p. 415.
39.Smith, Hostage to Fortune, p. 604.
CHAPTER 47: THE WIDOW HARTINGTON
1.KK to ‘Dearest family’, 12 May 1945, quoted in Smith, Hostage to Fortune, p. 619.
2.KK to RK and JPK, 12 May 1945, quoted in Smith, Hostage to Fortune, pp. 618–19.
3.ibid., p. 619.
4.JK to KK, 1 May 1945, quoted in ibid., p. 615.
5.KFC, Duchess of Devonshire to RK, 15 May 1945.
6.RK Papers, KK to ‘Dearest Family’, 24 March 1945.
7.Private communication from Brigadier Andrew Parker Bowles.
8.JFK Papers, KK to ‘Dearest family’, 19 Dec. 1944.
9.ibid., 10 March 1945.
10.ibid.
11.KFC Papers, undated letter.
12.ibid.
13.Hamilton, Reckless Youth, p. 706.
14.ibid.
15.ibid.
16.Leaming, Making of a President, p. 152.
17.ibid., p. 153.
18.RK Papers, KK and JFK to family, 15 July 1945.
19.Hamilton, Reckless Youth, pp. 712–13.
20.RK Papers, KK to family, Aug. 1945.
21.KFC Papers, Adele Cavendish to Joe Kennedy, summer 1945.
22.RK Papers, KK to family, Aug. 1945.
23.RK Papers, KK to ‘Dearest family’, 18 Aug. 1945.
24.ibid., 2 Sept. 1945.
25.RK Papers, KK to ‘Dearest Mother and Father’, 24 Aug. 1945.
26.Smith, Hostage to Fortune, p. 619.
27.Leamer, Kennedy Women, p. 381.
28.McTaggart, Kathleen Kennedy, p. 198.
29.RK Papers, KK to family, 10 Sept. 1945.
30.Devonshire Collection, KK to Duchess of Devonshire, 5 Nov. 1945.
31.Nasaw, Patriarch, p. 620.
32.RK Papers, KK to ‘Dearest family’, 4 May 1946.
33.Collier and Horowitz, An American Drama, p. 199.
34.Leamer, Kennedy Women, p. 399.
35.ibid., p. 400.
36.Devonshire Collection, KK to Dowager Duchess of Devonshire, 13 May 1945.
37.Devonshire Collection, KK to Duchess of Devonshire, 19 March 1945.
38.ibid., 5 March 1946.
CHAPTER 48: POLITICS OR PASSION?
1.KFC Papers.
2.KK to JFK, 13 July 1946, quoted in Smith, Hostage to Fortune, p. 627.
3.Leaming, Making of a President, p. 157.
4.ibid., p. 163.
5.Bailey, Black Diamonds, p. 406.
6.Paula Byrne, Mad World: Evelyn Waugh and the Secrets of Brideshead (2009), p. 273.
7.Bailey, Black Diamonds, p. 202.
8.ibid., pp. 327–8.
9.ibid., p. 407.
10.ibid., pp. 408–9.
11.Leamer, Kennedy Women, p. 402.
12.Collier and Horowitz, An American Drama, p. 200.
13.Devonshire, Wait for Me!, p. 171.
14.ibid., p. 174.
15.Leamer, Kennedy Women, p. 399.
16.KK to family, 27 Oct. 1946, quoted in Smith, Hostage to Fortune, p. 631.
17.McTaggart, Kathleen Kennedy, p. 214.
18.KFC Papers, KK to ‘Dearest Daddy’, 18 Sept. 1947.
19.Collier and Horowitz, An American Drama, p. 201.
20.http://www.munster-express.ie/opinion/to-be-honest-with-you/tea-with-jfk-and-why-dunganstown-matters/.
21.As he revealed publicly in his famous speech when he revisited Ireland shortly before his assassination: ‘When my great-grandfather left here to become a cooper in East Boston, he carried nothing with him except two things: a strong religious faith and a strong desire for liberty. I am glad to say that all his great-grandchildren have valued that inheritance.’
22.Leamer, Kennedy Women, p. 399.
23.Leaming, Making of a President, p. 165.
24.RK Papers, KK to family, 3 Aug. 1947.
25.KFC Papers, KK to ‘Dearest Daddy’, 10 Dec. 1947.
CHAPTER 49: JOY SHE GAVE JOY SHE HAS FOUND
1.KFC Papers, letter to RK.
2.The Letters of Evelyn Waugh, ed. Mark Amory (1980), p. 382.
3.Leamer, Kennedy Women, p. 402.
4.McTaggart, Kathleen Kennedy, p. 217.
5.Devonshire Collection, Elizabeth Cavendish to ‘Darling Mummy’, 1948.
6.Leamer, Kennedy Women, p. 405.
7.Devonshire Collection, Elizabeth Cavendish to ‘Darling Mummy’, 1948.
8.Devonshire Collection, KK to ‘Darling Dutch’, postcard, 9 April 1948.
9.Leamer, Kennedy Women, p. 405.
10.ibid., p. 406.
11.ibid.
12.ibid.
13.Collier and Horowitz, An American Drama, p. 204.
14.Leamer, Kennedy Women, p. 407.
15.This was Lem’s view: Hamilton, Reckless Youth, p. 716.
16.KFC Papers, KK to family, May 1948.
17.Bailey, Black Diamonds, p. 418.
18.ibid., p. 419.
19.McTaggart, Kathleen Kennedy, p. 231.
20.ibid.
21.Devonshire Collection, KK to Duchess of Devonshire, 7 April 1947.
22.This account is much indebted to McTaggart, Kathleen Kennedy, pp. 232–6, which is based on the official investigation, ‘Final Report into the Accident, 27 October 1948’, Bureau d’Enquêtes et d’Analyses, France.
23.Bailey, Black Diamonds, p. 425.
24.Smith, Hostage to Fortune, p. 636.
25.Leaming, Making of a President, p. 106.
26.ibid., p. 167.
27.Nasaw, Patriarch, p. 622.
28.Devonshire, Wait for Me!, p. 220.
29.ibid., p. 221.
EPILOGUE
1.Leamer, Kennedy Women, p. 410.
2.KFC Papers, letter to RK.
3
.Devonshire Collection, condolence letter to ‘Moucher’ from unidentified correspondent, 14 May 1948.
4.KFC.
5.RK Papers, Washington Times-Herald, 17 May 1948.
6.Bailey, Black Diamonds, p. 427.
7.Kennedy, Times to Remember, p. 306.
8.Collier and Horowitz, An American Drama, p. 208.
9.JFK to Duchess of Devonshire, 1 Sept. 1948, quoted in Smith, Hostage to Fortune, p. 637.
10.Collier and Horowitz, An American Drama, p. 208.
11.Leaming, Making of a President, pp. 1–2.
12.Devonshire Collection, JFK to Duchess of Devonshire, 12 July 1963.
INDEX
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Abercorn, James Hamilton, 3rd Duke 108
Ace of Clubs ball 7
Airlie, David Ogilvy, 12th Earl 81, 91
Airlie, Mabel Ogilvy, Dowager Duchess 109
Alcázar, fort of 132
Allied Relief Fund 150
Alsop, Joe 71
Amagiri (Japanese destroyer) 194
Ambrose, Benjamin Baruch (bandleader) 87, 92–3, 131, 142
Ambrose, Margaret 78
American Red Cross (ARC) 181–3, 186, 189, 191, 193, 197, 200, 227, 234, 241, 259, 265
Anderson, Lady Ava 259, 280, 285
Anderson, Sir John 259
Antibes 104–5
Arvad, Inga
friendship with Kick 158–9, 160, 163, 172–3, 208
affair with Jack Kennedy 160, 164–5, 170, 171–2
gossip concerning Hitler and the Olympic Games 170–1
leaves Washington for New York 177
marries quickly after Jack’s rejection 178
interviews Jack on his courage and heroic survival 196
Ascot 93
Asquith, Raymond 122, 256
Associated Press 121–2
Astaire, Fred 100, 193, 264, 272
Astor, Jakie 92, 101, 109, 264
Astor, Nancy, Viscountess
affectionate relationship with Kick 12, 188, 192, 197–8, 205, 269
invites Kick to Cliveden 79
character and description 81, 192
gives dinners and dances in London 81, 92, 96, 128
sees and hears of Kick’s charm and personality 82, 102
correspondence with Kick 83, 142, 172
heckles Churchill 112
prepares Cliveden as a military hospital 129, 192
attends Kick and Billy’s wedding 227
sends telegram to Rose concerning Kick’s wedding 228
as first female Member of Parliament 275
Astor, Lady Violet 92
Astor, Waldorf, 2nd Viscount 79, 81, 197–8
Bader, Douglas 184
Balado, nr Kinross 110
Baring, Maurice 259
Beaverbrook, Max Aitken, 1st Baron 183, 186, 230, 257
Belvoir Castle, Leicestershire 108
Beneš, Edvard 110
Bennett, Constance 22
Benning, Osla 149, 154
Berlin, Irving 201–2
Bernadette, Mother 44
Bess of Hardwick see Cavendish, Bess of Hardwick
Bessborough, Roberte, Countess 91
Bessborough, Vere Ponsonby, 9th Earl 87, 91
Biddle, A. J. ‘Tony’ Drexel Jr 191–2
Biddle, Margaret Thompson Schulze 192, 228
Billings, Kirk LeMoyne ‘Lem’
lifelong friendship with Jack 31, 34, 45, 122
nicknames 31
character and description 32
visits Kick at Noroton 33
as member of The Muckers Club 37, 38
comment on the Kennedy family 40
visits The Cotton Club 66
European visit 69–70, 71
comment on Jack 72
correspondence with Kick 83, 86, 87–8, 97–8, 110, 188, 259–60
in love with Kick 83, 174
socializes with Kick, Joe and Jack in New York 142
sent to Africa as ambulance driver 176
informed of Kick’s marriage to Billy 230
learns of Kick’s romance with Peter Fitzwilliam 274
reaction to Kick’s death 286
Birkenhead, Freddy 279
Birkenhead, Sheila 279
Birley, Oswald 269
Blarney Stone, Blarney Castle (Cork) 70
Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire 91–2, 130
Bletchley Park, Buckinghamshire 154
Bolton Abbey Hall, Yorkshire 100
Boston Daily Globe 17, 85, 134, 196, 241, 282
Boston Latin School 3–4
Boston Post 3
Bouvier, Jackie 40, 127
Bowra, Maurice 92
Boy Scout Association 149
Brand, Dinah 160, 184
Brand, Virginia 83
British Union of Fascists 123
Britten, Pat 92
Bronxville 26–9, 68, 141
Crownlands house 26–7
St Joseph’s church 26
Sarah Lawrence College 142
Bronxville Elementary school 27
Brook, Sir Alan 254
Brookline, Massachusetts 1, 8, 167
Brooks, Miss (governess) 10
Bruce, Marie
accompanies Rose on tour of Europe 121
friendship with Kick 198, 231, 236
hosts party given by Kick for her brother Joe 201
updates Rose on the Billy and Kick situation 205–6
upset at Rose’s angry telegrams 225
helps to organize Kick’s wedding 226, 227, 228, 230
send telegram to Rose concerning Kick’s wedding 228
Rose sends her love to 237
helps to console Kick after Billy’s death 259
Brussels 243–5
Buchan, John 256
Bullingdon Club 92
Bullitt, William 60–1
Cahill, Alice 27
Calder, Sir James 51, 70
Calder, Lady Mildred 47, 51
Cambridge University 50–2, 61–2, 114–15
Cape Cod 23–4, 34, 39, 42, 148, 157, 164, 238, 266, 290
Capel, June 89
Cárcano, Stella ‘Baby’ 198
Carol, King of Romania 117
Castel Gandolfo 125
Cavendish, Adele Astaire 100, 193, 264, 272, 276
Cavendish, Andrew, 11th Duke of Devonshire 100
comment on first meeting Kick 82
introduced to Kick 99
brought up at Churchdale Hall 114
keeps an untidy bedroom 115
not allowed to see his father’s mistress 119
courts and marries Debo 123–4, 150, 155
attends Billy’s birthday dinner and ball 134
tries to persuade Kick to return to London 161
comment on Billy’s standing for Parliament 208
returns from Italy at the end of the war 262
acquires Lismore Castle 272
displeased at Kick’s marriage plans 276
shows Jack his sister’s grave at Chatsworth 287
Cavendish, Anne 116, 172, 227, 254, 264, 279
Cavendish, Bess of Hardwick 100, 114
Cavendish, Charles ‘Charlie’ 100, 193, 272
Cavendish, Clarissa 83
Cavendish, Edward, 10th Duke of Devonshire 82
family background 100
character and description 101–2
concerned at Billy’s safety and whereabouts 147
aware of religious barriers to Billy and Kick’s marriage 203
supports Kick in her religious dilemma 207
mortified at Billy’s by-election results 211–12
reconciled to Billy and Kick’s marriage 222–3, 224
attends Kick and Billy’s wedding 227, 228, 229
gives orders for a Kennedy Street i
n Eastbourne 233
reaction to Billy’s death 254–5
returns from Burma with the gift of a sari for Kick 262
welcomes Jack as a family member 264
arranges for Kick to be buried at Chatsworth 283
Cavendish, Elizabeth 116, 202, 265, 274, 276–8, 279, 283
Cavendish, Evelyn Petty-FitzMaurice, Dowager Duchess of Devonshire 222, 232, 267
Cavendish, Mary Gascoyne-Cecil ‘Moucher’, Duchess of Devonshire
family background 102
concerned at Billy’s safety and whereabouts 147
seated next to Irving Berlin at Kick’s party 201–2
supports Kick in her religious dilemma 203–4, 207, 216, 217
comment on 1944 by-election 209–10
reconciled to Billy and Kick’s marriage 223
attends Kick and Billy’s wedding 227, 229
reaction to Billy’s death 252, 254
sends touching letter of condolence to Kick 252
receives beautiful letter of condolence from Jack Kennedy 256
helps to console Kick on the death of Billy 259, 267
welcomes Jack as family member 264
chooses words for Kick’s gravestone at Chatsworth 283
Cavendish, Lord Richard 127
Cavendish, Victor, 9th Duke of Devonshire 100, 102
Cavendish, Sir William 100
Cavendish, William, 4th Earl and 1st Duke of Devonshire 100, 203
Cavendish, William, 5th Duke of Devonshire 115
Cavendish, William ‘Billy’, Marquess of Hartington
declines to go to Cliveden 82
meets and falls in love with Kick 99–102, 108, 109–10, 113–17, 118–19, 122–4, 172, 199–200
birth and education 100
volunteers for the war 126–7
birthday dinner and ball 133–4
evacuated from Dunkirk 146, 147
witnesses aftermath of bombing in London 154
engaged to Sally Norton 160–1, 172
asks if Jack still believes the British to be decadent 169
sends Kick a telegram on her arrival in London 186
reunion with Kick 190, 191, 193–4
difficulties marrying Kick 203–7, 214, 216–17
unsuccessfully stands for Parliament 208–12
writes long letter to Rose explaining his love for Kick 221–2
marriage to Kick 226–30, 231–4
leaves for the Second Front 235–6, 237
triumphant entry into Brussels 243–6
sends loving letters to Kick 244–5, 247
death of 246–50
reactions to his death 252–6
mentioned in dispatches 262–3
Cecil, Beatrice, Lady Harlech 118
Cecil, Lord David 207
Cecil family 82, 83, 102
Cecil, Robert Arthur, 5th Marquess 232
Cecil, Robert Edward (later 6th Marquess) 83–4, 92, 93–4, 101
Chamberlain, Neville 83, 110, 111, 122, 125, 134