Frederick Francis, Prince (brother), 91
Frederick William I, Elector of Brandenberg (Great Elector), 2–3
Frederick William I of Prussia (father): beginning of reign of, 4; Classical civilizations loathed by, 9; corpulence of, 7; Council of State dismissed by, 4; death of, 55; Dresden state visit by, 18, 19–20; father buried by, 4; foreigners loathed by, 6; forty-third birthday of, 39; and Frederick II’s education, rules laid down for, 9; and Frederick II’s escape attempt, 24–5; Frederick II beaten by, 21, 31; Frederick II begins to plot against, 15; Frederick II given stud farm by, 52; Frederick II held in solitary confinement by, 33–6; Frederick II made drunk by, 16; Frederick II released by, 36; Frederick II sent gift of bed by, 52; Frederick II’s correspondence with, 53; Frederick II’s engagement to Elizabeth announced by, 43; Frederick II’s reconciliation with, 39–40; Frederick II’s view of, 4; in Frederick II’s dream, 171, 175; French hated by, 4–5, 10; frugality practised by, 4; Germany tour by, 29–31; gout suffered by, 22; hunting loved by, 13; illnesses of, 6–7, 11, 46, 55; Katte beaten and kicked by, 32; Leczinski’s relationship with, 47–8; ministers’ power reduced by, 4; painting learnt by, 11; Potsdam Grenadiers giants collected by, 7–8, 18, 24; Prussia colonized with religious refugees by, 47; rages of, 6, 13, 27, 31; second son preferred by, 15; vast building programme established by, 4; wavering loyalty of, towards Emperor, 46–7; Wilhelmine beaten and kicked by, 32
Frederick William, Prince of Prussia (later King), 175, 185, 206–7
Frederick, Prince of Wales, 12
Frederika Louise, Princess (sister), 23, 44, 59
Frederika of Württemberg, 208
Fredersdorf, Pte, 42, 62, 70, 138
French Revolution, 207
Freytag, Baron von, 140–2, 225
Fürst, Chancellor, 223
Galitzin, Prince, 203
Gaulle, Gen. Charles de, 159
Gelderland, 74
George I of England, 3, 11, 12, 24, 46, 123; death of, 16; mistress of, 22; son wishes death of, 46
George II of England, 5, 12–13, 16, 25–7, 73, 75, 81, 103, 151, 210; ‘both or neither’ marriage offer of, 16, 26; death of, 193; and Frederick II’s plan flee to England, 28; made to look a fool, 86; Prussian officer kidnapped by, 24; thinks Frederick II worth backing, 167; Treaty of Westminster signed by, 148
George III of England, 6, 193
George William, Elector, 2
Germany, 1, 16, 72, 77; Frederick II’s tour of, 29–32; in Frederick II’s essay on Europe, 54; and Thirty Years’ War, 48
Gersdorf, Landrat von, 222
Ghent, 104
Gisors, Comte de, 71, 88, 145–7, 176
Glatz, 78, 79, 105, 188, 196
Glogau, 69, 190, 194
Goltz, Gen. von der, 78, 160
Gotter, Count, 68–9
Gotzkowski (city father, factory owner), 191
Grant, Col., 159
Greece, 219
Grumbkow, General Count von, 5–6, 7, 16, 20, 24, 26–7, 32, 37, 38, 39, 43–5; death of, 57; and Frederick II’s essay on Europe, 54; Frederick II interrogated by, 33; Frederick II’s correspondence with, 53; on military tribunal, 34
Guichard, Maj. (‘Quintus Icilius’), 172, 173, 192, 200, 219
Gundling, 7, 20, 22
Gustavus of Sweden, King, 208
Guyon, Mme, 15
Habsburg, House of, 3, 63, 68, 203, 220, 221
Haddik, Gen., 184
Hamilton, Count, 177
Hanbury Williams, Sir Charles, 124–7, 155–6
Hanover, 26; French advise Frederick II to invade, 147; giants from, 24; neutrality of, 148
Heinitz, Friedrich Anton von, 202
Helvétius, Claude Adrien, 201
Henry, Prince (brother), 56, 59, 90–1, 130, 148–9, 152, 160, 161, 162, 177–8, 182, 188, 189, 208–9, 220–1; appointed Commander in Chief, 185; at Battle of Prague, 158; Catherine the Great meets, 216–17; Glogau sulk of, 190; Saxon mountains lost by, 194; under brother’s command, 190; and Wilhelmine’s death, 179
Henry, Prince (brother of Prince of Prussia), 207
Hervey, Lord, 13, 52
Hesse, Prince of, 31
Hille, Councillor, 36–7
Hirschel, Abraham, 131–5
Histoire de Brandebourg (Frederick II), 130
Histoire du Grenadier, 80
Histoire de la Guerre de Sept Ans (Frederick II), 150, 158–9, 164, 180, 194
Histoire de Mon Temps (Frederick II), 67, 94, 101, 209
History of Friedrich II of Prussia (Carlyle), 12
Hochkirc, Battle of, 178–9
Hohenfriedberg, Battle of, 104
Hohenzollern, House of, 2, 9, 31, 37
Holderness, Lord, 173
Holland, see Netherlands
Hotham, Col. Sir Charles, 25–8, 124; departure of, 28
Hubertusburg, 192
Huguenots, 2
Hyndford, Lord, 73, 78, 79, 84, 93, 124
Instructions militaires . . . (Frederick II), 109
Ivan VI, 91, 96, 195
Jenkins’s Ear, War of, 73
Jesus of Nazareth, 10
Jette, Mlle, 43–4
Jordan, Charles Étienne, 51, 58, 67–8, 69–70, 91–2, 98; Darget replaces, 120; death of, 105–6
Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor, 63
Joseph II, Archduke, Holy Roman Emperor, 74, 76, 196, 220–1; birth of, 69; Frederick II meets, 215, 216; becomes Holy Roman Emperor, 215
Jülich, 10, 16, 46–7, 66
Kalkstein, Lt.-Col. Von, 9
Kamecke, Mme de, 32
Karl Wilhelm Friedrich, Margrave of Ansbach, 23, 44, 59
Katte, Hans Hermann von, 22, 23, 25, 28–30, 32–3, 36; arrest of, 32; death sentence on, 34; execution of, 35; Frederick II’s misdirected letter intended for, 31; Frederick William I beats and kicks, 32; military tribunal of, 34
Katte, Rittmeister, 29, 31
Kaunitz, Count (later Prince), 150–1, 215, 220
Keith (page), 29, 30–1
Keith, Gen. (later Field Marshal) James, 122, 124, 168, 174, 176, 178; at Battle of Prague, 158; death of, 179
Keith, Lt., 22, 29, 32
Keith, Lord (‘Milord Maréchal’), 122–4, 125, 136, 139, 140, 142, 149, 210–13, 219; Frederick II’s letter to, concerning Maria Theresa, 150
Keyserling, Lt. Count von, 23, 41, 50, 53, 57, 70, 126; death of, 105–6; engaged, 91; made regimental colonel, 58
Kirkman (giant), 7, 58
Kloster Zeven, Convention of, 163, 167
Knobelsdorff (architect), 41, 49, 51, 56, 93, 102, 114
Koenig (scientist), 137
Kolberg, 193, 194
Koli, Battle of, 158–61
Kolin, 146
Kosel, 178, 194
Kunersdorf, Battle of, 184–5, 199
Lafayette, Marquis de, 229
Last Supper, 10
Launay, M. de, 201
Lavisse, Ernest, 15
Leczinski, Stanislas, 45, 47–8, 128
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, 1
Leignitz, Battle of, 189
Lekain, 206
Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, 63
Leopold of Brunswick, Duke, 221–2
Leopoldovna, Anna, 91, 96
Leuthe, Battle of, 168–70
Levasseur, Thérèse, 212
Liechtenstein, Prince, 46
Liège, Bishop of, 61, 62
Ligne, Prince de, 216, 227–8
Limburg, 74
Linz, 75, 82
Lobkowitz, Prince, 83, 84, 88–9, 99, 120; Charles of Lorraine joins forces with, 85; officers shot for cowardice by, 104
Lorraine, Duke of, see Francis, Duke of Lorraine
Loudon, Gen., 175, 184–5, 188–9, 221; Breslau besieged by, 188
Louis XIV (The Sun King), xv, 1, 2, 71; Frederick I models himself on, 3
Louis XV of France 28, 45, 71, 87, 94, 99–100, 147, 150, 174, 196; Belle-Isle’s audience with, 88; Emperor’s set
tlement with, 47; illness of, 100; Maria Theresa’s new and binding treaty with, 183; Netherlands acquisitions given up by, 121; pacific nature of, 71; and Saxe, 104; Saxe made Marshal General by, 104; Treaty of Versailles signed by, 151; and Voltaire, 128–30; Voltaire given ‘spy’ money by, 95
Louis XVI of France, 18, 86
Louise of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, 91
Low Countries, 74, 94, 100, 151
Lucchesini, Marchese, 226
Ludwig II, 221
Luther, Martin, 10
Lyttleton, Lord, 52
Macaulay, Lord, 164, 199, 203
Mackenzie, James, 119
Mahomet (Voltaire), 139
Maillebois, 86, 87
Mailly, Mme de, 93
Maintenon, Mme de, 72, 111n
Maria Antonia, Electress, 207
Maria Christina, Archduchess, 83
Maria Theresa, Archduchess (later Queen of Hungary; Queen of Bohemia; Holy Roman Empress), 44, 47, 63–5, 67, 69, 71, 74–7 passim, 81, 83–4, 87, 92, 101, 103, 146, 147, 150–1, 160–1, 174, 186, 196, 216, 217–18, 221, 228; crowned Queen of Bohemia, 89; crowned Queen of Hungary, 74–5; crowns husband as Holy Roman Emperor, 105; death of, 229; English ally with, 100; Frederick II’s deal with, 78–9; Frederick II’s diatribe against, 84; Frederick II’s letter to Keith concerning, 150; heart set on revenge, 88; improved position of, 99; Kaunitz becomes Chancellor to, 151; after Leuthen battle, 170; Louis XV’s new and binding treaty with, 183; ransom refused by, 167; and Renversement des Alliances, 147; Robinson’s love for, 74, 75; and Seven Years’ War, see Seven Years’ War; and Silesia, intention to retake, 96, 101 (see also Silesia); Spaniards attack, 94; Treaty of Breslau torn up by, 101–2; Treaty of Breslau signed by, 85; Treaty of Versailles signed by, 151
Marie Antoinette, 1
Marie Joséphe, Dauphine, 155
Maritime Powers, 66, 94
Marlborough, Duke of, 29, 72
Mary of Modena, 122
Mary, Queen of Scots, 6
Maupertuis, Pierre-Louis Moreau de 58, 60–1, 69, 91, 130, 134, 136, 137–8, 149; death of, 191; Frederick II misses, 98; marriage of, 126; taken prisoner, 70
Mémoires pour Servir . . . (Voltaire), 142–3, 224–5
Mentzel, Col., 82
Mes Rêveries (Saxe), 121
Mirabeau, Comte de, 230
Mirepoix, Bishop of, 94–5, 129
Mitchell, Sir Andrew, 113, 152–3, 162, 172, 173, 183, 189, 192, 203; concerns of, for Frederick II’s welfare, 194; death of, 219; papers burnt by, 188; on tax system, 201; Voltaire suspected by, 186
Mollwitz, Battle of, 69–70, 71, 164
Mondain, Le (Voltaire), 129
Montcalm, Marquis de, 88
Moravia, 69, 82, 175; Olmütz, 175–6
Mort de César, La (Voltaire), 95
Munich, 82, 101
Münnich, Marshal, 121
Napoleon, xvii, 86, 88, 154, 159, 183, 231
Neipperg, Marshal, 69, 70, 78, 79, 146
Neisse, 78, 178, 194; ‘siege’ of, 79
Netherlands, 100, 121, 151
Neues Palais, 204
Nieuport, 104
Nivernais, Duc de, 147–9
Ochakov, Battle of, 123
Oeuvre de Poésie (Voltaire), 140
Ogilvy, Gen., 80, 81
Olbreuse, Eleanor d’, 2
Olmütz, siege of, 175–6
On Playing the Flute (Quantz), 25
Orzelska, Countess, Frederick II’s affair with, 20, 23–4
Ostend, 104
Oudenarde, 104
Palatine, Elector, 31
Palffy, Count, 74
Pascal, Grenadier, 80–1
Peace of Dresden, 105, 124, 131
Penny Post, 101
Pesne, Antoine, 51, 93
Peter III of Russia, Emperor, 195–6, 203
Peter the Great, 11
Philip of Spain, 71, 121
Philippine, Princess (sister), 91
Philippsburg, 45
Pitt, William, 151, 193, 211
Podewils, Count Heinrich von, 58, 67
Poland, 2, 37, 207–8; first partition of, 217–18; Prussian lands contrasted with, 47; total partitions of, 218
Poland, Queen of, 156, 157, 180
Polignac, Cardinal de, 81, 93
Pöllnitz, Baron von, 133–4
Pomerania, 152, 177, 193, 194; Sweden gives up, 195; Western, 10
Pompadour, Mme de, xii, xiii, 147, 174, 193
Poniatowski, Stanislaw August, King of Poland, 217
Porphyria, 6
Potato War, 221
Potsdam Grenadiers, 7–8; Frederick II appointed Major of, 14; reorganization of, 58
Pragmatic Sanction, 63, 74, 75, 81
Prague: Battle of, 157–9; Broglie commands in, 82; Frederick II takes, 100; Lobkowitz and Charles of Lorraine march on, 85; siege of, 77, 79–89 passim
Prussia: and Chotusitz, 83; colonized with religious refugees, 47; demoralization of, 177, 188; Russians take East, 176; first-class army of, 5; France and Austria set to fall upon, 151–2; Frederick II affects to despise, 47; French tax-gatherers imported into, 201; name of, 2; peace terms agreed by, 196; postwar solvency of, 199; rising power of, 3, 151; and Seven Years’ War, see Seven Years’ War; treaty between France and, 99; Voltaire settles in, 98; see also Frederick William I, Frederick II
Quantz, Johann Joachim, 25, 117, 148, 219
Quebec, 186
Quintus Icilius, see Guichard, Maj.
Racine, Jean, 50
Reichenbach (minister), 24
Rentzel (drill master), 9
Renversement des Alliances (Reversal of the Alliances), 147–8, 151
Retzaw, Gen., 152
Richelieu, Duc de, 156, 163
Robinson, Thomas, 64–5, 71, 74, 75, 85, 124
Rochow, Col. von, 23, 25, 28, 29; Frederick II’s escape attempt and, 30–1
Rossbach, Battle of, 166
Rothenburg, Frederick Rudolph von, 83, 99, 120, 12; death of, 136
Rothenburg (French minister to Berlin), 15, 21
Roucoulle, Mme de, 8–9, 14
Rouillé, Foreign Minister, 147
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 129, 212–13
Rudorfski, Count, 20
Russia, 53, 55, 122, 195–6, 215, 216, 217; atrocities committed by soldiers of, 183; at Battle of Zorndorf, 176–7; Berlin occupied by, 190–1; East Prussia taken by, 176; and Leczinski, 47; Peter III begins reign in, 195; Turks attack, 215
Sahay, Battle of, 83
Saldern, Gen., 192
Sand, George, 18
Sans Souci, 56, 114, 116, 204, 213, 229–30; Frederick II’s grave at, 231; Neues Palais in park of, 204; Voltaire’s rooms at, 130