The Buddha: A Very Short Introduction
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© Michael Carrithers 1983, 1996
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First published as an Oxford University Press paperback 1983
First published as a Very Short Introduction 2001
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ISBN 0–19–285453–4
7 9 10 8 6
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Very Short Introductions available now:
ADVERTISING • Winston Fletcher
AFRICAN HISTORY • John Parker and Richard Rathbone
AGNOSTICISM • Robin Le Poidevin
AMERICAN POLITICAL PARTIES AND ELECTIONS • L. Sandy Maisel
THE AMERICAN PRESIDENCY • Charles O. Jones
ANARCHISM • Colin Ward
ANCIENT EGYPT • Ian Shaw
ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY • Julia Annas
ANCIENT WARFARE • Harry Sidebottom
ANGLICANISM • Mark Chapman
THE ANGLO-SAXON AGE • John Blair
ANIMAL RIGHTS • David DeGrazia
ANTISEMITISM • Steven Beller
THE APOCRYPHAL GOSPELS • Paul Foster
ARCHAEOLOGY • Paul Bahn
ARCHITECTURE • Andrew Ballantyne
ARISTOCRACY • William Doyle
ARISTOTLE • Jonathan Barnes
ART HISTORY • Dana Arnold
ART THEORY • Cynthia Freeland
ATHEISM • Julian Baggini
AUGUSTINE • Henry Chadwick
AUTISM • Uta Frith
BARTHES • Jonathan Culler
BESTSELLERS • John Sutherland
THE BIBLE • John Riches
BIBLICAL ARCHEOLOGY • Eric H. Cline
THE BOOK OF MORMON • Terryl Givens
THE BRAIN • Michael O'Shea
BRITISH POLITICS • Anthony Wright
BUDDHA • Michael Carrithers
BUDDHISM • Damien Keown
BUDDHIST ETHICS • Damien Keown
CAPITALISM • James Fulcher
CATHOLICISM • Gerald O'Collins
THE CELTS • Barry Cunliffe
CHAOS • Leonard Smith
CHOICE THEORY • Michael Allingham
CHRISTIAN ART • Beth Williamson
CHRISTIAN ETHICS • D. Stephen Long
CHRISTIANITY • Linda Woodhead
CITIZENSHIP • Richard Bellamy
CLASSICAL MYTHOLOGY • Helen Morales
CLASSICS • Mary Beard and John Henderson
CLAUSEWITZ • Michael Howard
THE COLD WAR • Robert McMahon
COMMUNISM • Leslie Holmes
CONSCIOUSNESS • Susan Blackmore
CONTEMPORARY ART • Julian Stallabrass
CONTINENTAL PHILOSOPHY • Simon Critchley
COSMOLOGY • Peter Coles
THE CRUSADES • Christopher Tyerman
CRYPTOGRAPHY • Fred Piper and Sean Murphy
DADA AND SURREALISM • David Hopkins
DARWIN • Jonathan Howard
THE DEAD SEA SCROLLS • Timothy Lim
DEMOCRACY • Bernard Crick
DESCARTES • Tom Sorell
DESERTS • Nick Middleton
DESIGN • John Heskett
DINOSAURS • David Norman
DIPLOMACY • Joseph M. Siracusa
DOCUMENTARY FILM • Patricia Aufderheide
DREAMING • J. Allan Hobson
DRUGS • Leslie Iversen
DRUIDS • Barry Cunliffe
THE EARTH • Martin Redfern
ECONOMICS • Partha Dasgupta
EGYPTIAN MYTH • Geraldine Pinch
EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY BRITAIN • Paul Langford
THE ELEMENTS • Philip Ball
EMOTION • Dylan Evans
EMPIRE • Stephen Howe
ENGELS • Terrell Carver
ENGLISH LITERATURE • Jonathan Bate
EPIDEMIOLOGY • Roldolfo Saracci
ETHICS • Simon Blackburn
THE EUROPEAN UNION • John Pinder and Simon Usherwood
EVOLUTION • Brian and Deborah Charlesworth
EXISTENTIALISM • Thomas Flynn
FASCISM • Kevin Passmore
FASHION • Rebecca Arnold
FEMINISM • Margaret Walters
FILM MUSIC • Kathryn Kalinak
THE FIRST WORLD WAR • Michael Howard
FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY • David Canter
FORENSIC SCIENCE • Jim Fraser
FOSSILS • Keith Thomson
FOUCAULT • Gary Gutting
FREE SPEECH • Nigel Warburton
FREE WILL • Thomas Pink
FRENCH LITERATURE • John D. Lyons
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION • William Doyle
FREUD • Anthony Storr
FUNDAMENTALISM • Malise Ruthven
GALAXIES • John Gribbin
GALILEO • Stillman Drake
GAME THEORY • Ken Binmore
GANDHI • Bhikhu Parekh
GEOGRAPHY • John Matthews and David Herbert
GEOPOLITICS • Klaus Dodds
GERMAN LITERATURE • Nicholas Boyle
GERMAN PHILOSOPHY • Andrew Bowie
GLOBAL CATASTROPHES • Bill McGuire
GLOBAL WARMING • Mark Maslin
GLOBALIZATION • Manfred Steger
THE GREAT DEPRESSION AND THE NEW DEAL • Eric Rauchway
HABERMAS • James Gordon Finlayson
HEGEL • Peter Singer
HEIDEGGER • Michael Inwood
HIEROGLYPHS • Penelope Wilson
HINDUISM • Kim Knott
HISTORY • John H. Arnold
THE HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY • Michael Hoskin
THE HISTORY OF LIFE • Michael Benton
THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE • William Bynum
THE HISTORY OF TIME • Leofranc Holford-Strevens
HIV/AIDS • Alan Whiteside
HOBBES • Richard Tuck
&nb
sp; HUMAN EVOLUTION • Bernard Wood
HUMAN RIGHTS • Andrew Clapham
HUME • A. J. Ayer
IDEOLOGY • Michael Freeden
INDIAN PHILOSOPHY • Sue Hamilton
INFORMATION • Luciano Floridi
INNOVATION • Mark Dodgson and David Gann
INTELLIGENCE • Ian J. Deary
INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION • Khalid Koser
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS • Paul Wilkinson
ISLAM • Malise Ruthven
ISLAMIC HISTORY • Adam Silverstein
JOURNALISM • Ian Hargreaves
JUDAISM • Norman Solomon
JUNG • Anthony Stevens
KABBALAH • Joseph Dan
KAFKA • Ritchie Robertson
KANT • Roger Scruton
KEYNES • Robert Skidelsky
KIERKEGAARD • Patrick Gardiner
THE KORAN • Michael Cook
LANDSCAPES AND CEOMORPHOLOGY • Andrew Goudie and Heather Viles
LAW • Raymond Wacks
THE LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS • Peter Atkins
LEADERSHIP • Keth Grint
LINCOLN • Allen C. Guelzo
LINGUISTICS • Peter Matthews
LITERARY THEORY • Jonathan Culler
LOCKE • John Dunn
LOGIC • Graham Priest
MACHIAVELLI • Quentin Skinner
MARTIN LUTHER • Scott H. Hendrix
THE MARQUIS DE SADE • John Phillips
MARX • Peter Singer
MATHEMATICS • Timothy Gowers
THE MEANING OF LIFE • Terry Eagleton
MEDICAL ETHICS • Tony Hope
MEDIEVAL BRITAIN • John Gillingham and Ralph A. Griffiths
MEMORY • Jonathan K. Foster
MICHAEL FARADAY • Frank A. J. L. James
MODERN ART • David Cottington
MODERN CHINA • Rana Mitter
MODERN IRELAND • Senia Paseta
MODERN JAPAN • Christopher Goto-Jones
MODERNISM • Christopher Butler
MOLECULES • Philip Ball
MORMONISM • Richard Lyman Bushman
MUSIC • Nicholas Cook
MYTH • Robert A. Segal
NATIONALISM • Steven Grosby
NELSON MANDELA • Elleke Boehmer
NEOLIBERALISM • Manfred Steger and Ravi Roy
THE NEW TESTAMENT • Luke Timothy Johnson
THE NEW TESTAMENT AS LITERATURE • Kyle Keefer
NEWTON • Robert Iliffe
NIETZSCHE • Michael Tanner
NINETEENTH-CENTURY BRITAIN • Christopher Harvie and H. C. G. Matthew
THE NORMAN CONQUEST • George Garnett
NORTHERN IRELAND • Marc Mulholland
NOTHING • Frank Close
NUCLEAR WEAPONS • Joseph M. Siracusa
THE OLD TESTAMENT • Michael D. Coogan
PARTICLE PHYSICS • Frank Close
PAUL • E. P. Sanders
PENTECOSTALISM • William K. Kay
PHILOSOPHY • Edward Craig
PHILOSOPHY OF LAW • Raymond Wacks
PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE • Samir Okasha
PHOTOGRAPHY • Steve Edwards
PLANETS • David A. Rothery
PLATO • Julia Annas
POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY • David Miller
POLITICS • Kenneth Minogue
POSTCOLONIALISM • Robert Young
POSTMODERNISM • Christopher Butler
POSTSTRUCTURALISM • Catherine Belsey
PREHISTORY • Chris Gosden
PRESOCRATIC PHILOSOPHY • Catherine Osborne
PRIVACY • Raymond Wacks
PROGRESSIVISM • Walter Nugent
PSYCHIATRY • Tom Burns
PSYCHOLOGY • Gillian Butler and Freda McManus
PURITANISM • Francis J. Bremer
THE QUAKERS • Pink Dandelion
QUANTUM THEORY • John Polkinghorne
RACISM • Ali Rattansi
THE REAGAN REVOLUTION • Gil Troy
THE REFORMATION • Peter Marshall
RELATIVITY • Russell Stannard
RELIGION IN AMERICA • Timothy Beal
THE RENAISSANCE • Jerry Brotton
RENAISSANCE ART • Geraldine A. Johnson
ROMAN BRITAIN • Peter Salway
THE ROMAN EMPIRE • Christopher Kelly
ROMANTICISM • Michael Ferber
ROUSSEAU • Robert Wokler