“Commentary: He Was Higher on the Wanted List Than Nasrallah,” Yossi Melman, Haaretz, February 13, 2008 (H)
“Iran—The Killing of Mughniyeh Is an Example of the Israeli Terror,” Dudi Cohen and Roy Nachmias, Yedioth Ahronoth, February 13, 2008 (H)
CHAPTER 20: THE CAMERAS WERE ROLLING
“Assassins Had Mahmoud al-Mabhouh in Sight as Soon as He Got to Dubai,” Hugh Tomlinson, Times (UK), February 17, 2010
“Mahmoud al-Mabhouh Was Sedated Before Being Suffocated, Dubai Police Say,” Times (UK), March 1, 2010
“Report from the Sunday Times: PM Authorized Mabhouh Killing,” YNET, February 21, 2010
“Inquiry Grows in Dubai Assassinations,” Robert F. Worth, New York Times, February 24, 2010
“Britain’s Prime Minister Ordered the Investigation of the Forged Passports; the Israeli Ambassador Was Summoned for a Clarification,” Barak Ravid and Dana Herman, Haaretz, February 18, 2010 (H)
“The Result Test: Not a Failure, Great Achievement,” Eitan Haber, Yedioth Ahronoth, February 18, 2010 (H)
“The Hit Team Visited Dubai 3 Times,” Smadar Perry, Yedioth Ahronoth, February 19, 2010 (H)
“The Last Liquidation of This Kind; There Will Not Be Many More Like This One,” Yossi Melman, Haaretz, February 19, 2010 (H)
“Netanyahu to the Hit Team: The People of Israel Trust You, Good Luck,” Yedioth Ahronoth, February 21, 2010 (H)
“Gail Is Checking Out (from the Hotel),” Noam Barkan and Benjamin Tubias, Yedioth Ahronoth, February 22, 2010 (H)
“Dubai Exposed 15 More Agents; Ten of Them Have Names of Israeli Citizens,” Haaretz, February 25, 2010 (H)
“The Liquidation in Dubai: 8 Israelis Carrying Forged Passports Will Be Called to Testify by British Investigators,” Modi Kreitman, Zvi Zinger, and Eitan Glickman, Yedioth Ahronoth, February 28, 2010 (H)
“The Israeli Ambassador in Australia Was Summoned for Clarification,” Dana Herman and Barak Ravid, Haaretz, February 25, 2010 (H)
“London Does Not Await the Mossad,” Itamar Eichner, Yedioth Ahronoth, May 4, 2010 (H)
“Australian Intelligence Report: The Mossad Is Responsible for the Forgery,” Yedioth Ahronoth, May 25, 2010 (H)
“Forged Passports: An Israeli Diplomat Was Expelled from Ireland,” Modi Kreitman and Itamar Eichner, Yedioth Ahronoth, June 16, 2010 (H)
“The Killers of the Hamas High Official Are Listed on the ‘Wanted’ List of the Interpol,” Avi Issacharov and Dana Herman, Haaretz, February 19, 2010 (H)
“Did Not Withstand the Temptation—A Foreign Woman Is Suspected to Have Made Him Open the Door,” Smadar Perry and Roni Shaked, Yedioth Ahronoth, February 1, 2010 (H)
“Dubai Presents the Hit Men, That’s How He Was Killed, a Woman Agent at the Door,” Smadar Perry, Yedioth Ahronoth, February 16, 2010 (H)
“ ‘Thank God I Know to Take Precautions,’ Mabhouh in an Interview to Al-Jazeera,” Smadar Perry, Yedioth Ahronoth, February 12, 2010 (H)
“A Dubai Hug—Portrait of Dhahi Khalfan,” Smadar Perry, Yedioth Ahronoth, March 5, 2010 (H)
“Report: Germany Issued a Warrant for the Arrest of a Suspect in Assisting the Attack in Dubai,” Ofer Aderet and Yossi Melman, Haaretz, January 16, 2011 (H)
“The ‘Mossad Agent’ Fined 60,000 Euros in Germany Is Uri Brodsky, Accused of Involvement in the Liquidation of Mabhouh,” Eldad Beck, Yedioth Ahronoth, January 16, 2011 (H)
“The Man Killed—‘A Hamas High Official,’ ” Smadar Perry, wire services, Yedioth Ahronoth, April 7, 2011 (H)
“Dubai Police Allege Assassination Team in Hamas Commander’s Slaying Used Credit Cards Issued by Iowa Bank,” John McGlothlen, News Hawk, Statewide News, February 24, 2010
“Dubai Police Release New Suspects in Hit Squad Killing,” Simon McGregor-Wood, Vic Walter, and Lara Setrakian, ABC News Dubai, February 10, 2010
Payonneer. Com, Elance case study www.payoneer.com/CS.Elance.aspx
“Israel Attacked in Sudan,” Yossi Yehoshua, Yedioth Ahronoth, April 6, 2011 (H)
Israel Attacked in Sudan, Smadar Perry, Yedioth Ahronoth, April 7, 2011 (H)
“Sudan to File a Complaint Against Israel to the UN Over the Air Strike,” Aljazeera.net, April 7, 2011
“Israel Attacked in Sudan to Prevent Arms Smuggling to Gaza,” Nile_tv_international.net, April 20, 2011
CHAPTER 21: FROM THE LAND OF THE QUEEN OF SHEBA
Of the many sources for this chapter, the most helpful has been the book by Shimron, Gad: Bring Me the Jews of Ethiopia, How the Mossad Brought the Ethiopian Jews from Sudan (Or Yehuda: Maariv (Hed Arzi), 1988) (H)
The History of the Ethiopian Jews, Jewish Virtual Library, jewishvirtuallibrary.org
“Israel to Speed Immigration for Jews in Ethiopia,” Greg Myre, New York Times, February 1, 2005
“Distant Relations,” Uriel Heilman, Jerusalem Post, April 8, 2005
Falasha: Exile of the Black Jews of Ethiopia, a documentary film by Simcha Jacobovici, 1983
The Emigration of the Ethiopian Jews, Operation Moses 1984 and Operation Salomon 1991, www.jafi.org.il/ JewishAgency/Hebrew (H)
“Operation Moses,” Ainao Freda Sanbato, Haaretz, March 11, 2006 (H)
“Then I Said in Hebrew: What Are You Doing Here?” David Shalit, Haaretz, May 17, 1996 (the story of Harry Gold) (H)
“The Exodus from Ethiopia,” Tudor Perfit, Yedioth Ahronoth, October 25, 1985 (H)
“Flotilla 13 on the Sudan Shores,” Yedioth Ahronoth, March 15, 1994 (H)
“Flotilla 13 Landed in Sudan,” Arie Kizel, Yedioth Ahronoth, March 18, 1994 (H)
“Last Stop Sudan,” Shahar Geinosar, Yedioth Ahronoth, June 27, 2003 (H)
“First, Bring Some Samples,” Yigal Mosko, Yedioth Ahronoth, October 12, 2001 (H)
“Israel Lover,” Dani Adino Ababa and Zimbabwe (Mengistu Haile Mariam), Yedioth Ahronoth, September 23, 2005 (H)
“Following Me in the Desert,” Smadar Shir, Yedioth Ahronoth, July 17, 2009 (H)
“In the Prairies of Ethiopia,” David Regev, Yedioth Ahronoth, March 19, 2010 (the story of David Ben-Uziel) (H)
“Hamasa L’Eretz Israel—The Journey to the Land of Israel”: lyrics by Haim Idissis, music by Shlomo Gronich
“25 Years to Operation Moses: Interviews with Emanuel Allon, Gadi Kroll, David Ben-Uziel, and Yonathan Shefa,” Nir Dvori, The News, Channel 2, June 15, 2010 (H)
“Operation Solomon—Bring the Ethiopian Jews,” Harel and Eran Duvdevani, sky-high.co.il (H)
GENERAL SOURCES
BOOKS IN HEBREW
Edelist, Ran, The Man Who Rode a Tiger (Zmora-Bitan, 1995)
Bar-Zohar, Michael, ed., 100 Men and Women of Valor (Ministry of Defense Publishing House, 2007)
Golan, Aviezer, and Danny Pinkas, Code Name: The Pearl (Zmora-Bitan-Modan, 1980)
Golan, Aviezer, Operation Susanna (Yedioth Ahronoth, 1990)
Thomas, Gordon, Gideon’s Spies: The Secret History of the Mossad (Or-Am, 2008)
Gilon, Carmi, Shin-Beth Between the Schisms (Tel Aviv: Miskal Yedioth Ahronoth, 2000)
Melman, Yossi, Eitan Haber, The Spies: Israel’s Counter-Espionage Wars (Tel Aviv: Miskal Yedioth Ahronoth, 2002)
Halevi, Ephraim, A Man in the Shadows (Matar, 2006)
Westerby, Gerald, A Mossad Agent in Hostile Territory (Matar, 1988)
Melman, Yossi, ed., Report of the CIA on the Israeli Intelligence Services (Tel Aviv: Zmora-Bitan, 1982)
Amidror, Yaacov, Intelligence from Theory to Practice (Ministry of Defense Publications, 2006)
Fine, Ronald, The Mossad (Or-Am, 1991)
Kimche, David, The Last Option (Miskal Yedioth Ahronoth, 1991)
Sagi, Uri, and Rami Tal, eds., Lights in the Fog (Yedioth Ahronoth, 1998)
Shimron, Gad, The Mossad and the Myth (Jerusalem: Keter, 2002)
BOOKS IN ENGLISH
Posner Steve, Israel Undercover: Secret Warfare and Hidden Diplomacy in the Middle East (Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press, 1987)
Raviv, Dan, and Yo
ssi Melman, Every Spy a Prince: The Complete History of the Israeli Intelligence Community (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1990)
Landau, Eli, Uri Dan, and Dennis Eisenberg, The Mossad (New York: Paddington Press, 1978)
Bar-Zohar, Michael, Spies in the Promised Land (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1972)
BOOKS IN FRENCH
Dan, Uri, Mossad: 50 Ans de guerre secrete (Paris: Presses de la Cite, 1995)
Bar-Zohar, Michel, Les Vengeurs (Paris: Fayard, 1968)
INTERVIEWS
Isser Harel, Yaa’cov Caroz, Izzi Dorot, Yitzhak Shamir, Amos Manor, Meir Amit, Anton Kunzle, Menachem Barabash, Victor Grayevski, Yitzhak Rabin, Ezer Weizman, Haim Israeli, Dr. Pinhas (Siko) Zusman, Uri Lubrani, Wernher von Braun, Rafi Eitan, Raphi Medan,Yitzhak Sarid, Eli Landau, Hanoch Saar, Avraham (Zabu) Ben-Zeev, Emanuel Allon, Amnon Gonen, Elie Cohen’s family, Alexander Israel’s family, Ze’ev Avni, and many others who preferred to remain anonymous.
Index
The pagination of this electronic edition does not match the edition from which it was created. To locate a specific passage, please use your ebook reader’s search tools.
Abd el Hir, Hussein, 196, 197
Abrams, Elliott, 285
Abu Abed. See Al-Mabhouh, Mahmoud Abdel Rauf
Abu Al-Haul, Ashraf, 24–25
Abu Mussa organization, 263
Abu Seif, Muhammad, 2, 272–73
Adenauer, Konrad, 117, 124
Admoni, Nahum, 245, 249, 327–28
Adwan, Kamal, 200, 202
Aharoni, Zvi, 64–66, 68, 72, 75, 77, 83, 89
Ahituv, Avraham, 113, 126–27
Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud, 9, 11, 23
Air Force, U.S.: exodus of Ethiopian Jews and, 329
Air France plane: Entebbe hijacking of, 260–61, 333–34
Aklum, Fereda, 320–21
Al-Ahram newspaper, 24–25, 237
Al-Din, Zaher, 146–47, 152, 154
Al-Jazeera, 305, 306
Al-Mabhouh, Mahmoud Abdel Rauf (“Plasma Screen”, “Abu Abed”): Al-Jazeera interview of, 306; filming of, 307–11, 314, 315; hunt for and killing of, 304–11, 312, 313; Iran and, 304; personal and professional background of, 305; reputation of, 305–6
Al Qaeda, x
“Al Quds” Brigades, 20–21, 298
Aliya Beth organization, 54
Allon, Emanuel (aka “Claudie”), 217, 219–21, 323
Aman (IDF intelligence service): German-Egyptian projects and, 128–29; Lavon Affair and, 132–33; Marwan intelligence and, 234, 237; reputation of, 42; Syrian nuclear program and, 281, 282, 284; Unit 131 of, 135–36, 148; Unit 8200 of, 225, 284; Yom Kippur War and, 225, 226–27. See also specific person
Amana, Ben, 205–7
American diplomats; assassination of, 199, 208
Amin, Iddi, 333
Amit, Meir: appointment as Mossad director of, 129, 158; code name for, 161; Cohen case and, 131, 148, 152; Cukurs case and, 173; Diamond Operation/Redfa and, 161, 163, 164, 165, 166–67, 169; German-Egyptian projects and, 128, 129; Head On by, 164; Iraqi Kurds and, 160–61; Lavon Affair prisoners and, 169–70; Little Isser and, 130, 157, 158; MiG–21s and, 168; Moroccans and, 158–60; personal and professional background of, 157–58; personality and character of, 157, 158; prisoner exchanges and, 169–70; reorganization of Aman and Mossad by, 148; Zamir as Mossad successor of, 187, 190
Amit (Slutzky), Ze’ev, 181–84, 185
Andora (ship): sinking of, 281
Angel. See Marwan, Ashraf
Angleton, James Jesus, 55
Arab Emirates, xi, 235. See also Dubai
Arab Industrial Union, 235
Arab Legion, 27
Arab Spring, x
Arab Winter, x, xi
Arafat, Yasser, 188, 197, 199, 208, 212, 213, 262, 266, 294
Arak nuclear plant (Iran), 14, 15, 18
Arctic Sea (ship): hijacking of, 18
Arens, Moshe, 280
Argentina: bombing of Israeli embassy in, 296–97; Cohen activities in, 139–40; Eichmann in, 60–79, 80–84; Mengele in, 88–90; Mughniyeh case and, 296–97
Arous (Mossad-Sudan resort), 322–23, 325, 326
Asgari, Ali Reza, 20, 21, 282
Assad, Bashar al-, 281, 286, 287, 291
Assad, Bassel al-, 287
Assad, Hafez Al-i, 215, 263, 280, 281, 287
atomic bomb: German-Egyptian projects and, 121
Austra Corporation, 120
Australia: Mossad expelled from, 314; Vanunu in, 242–43, 245
“Avengers” group, 68
Avni, Ze’ev (aka Wolf Goldstein), 38–40, 41, 42
Azar, Shmuel, 132, 134
Ba’ath Socialist Party, 145–46, 148, 150, 154
Bar-Hon, Meir, 80–81
Barak, Ehud, 6, 200, 201, 202, 285
Baranovski, Lucia, 50, 51, 52, 53, 56
Barzani, Mullah Mustafa, 160, 161
Bat-Galim (Israeli navy boat), 324–25
Batzri, Joseph, 35, 36
Bauer, Fritz, 59–61, 62, 64, 85
Beads, Barry (pseud.), 270, 271, 272–74
Bedell Smith, Walter, 55
Be’eri, Isser “Big Isser,” 26–28, 42
Begin, Menachem, 128, 209, 261, 319, 320
Beit Lid (Israel): suicide bombing in, 263, 265
Belgium: Ethiopian Jews exodus through, 328; Yossele case and, 99, 100
Ben-Barka, Mehdi, 159–60
Ben-David, Claude/Ariel (Ruth’s son), 99, 100, 102, 103, 105–6, 107, 110
Ben-David, Mishka, 268, 269–70, 274, 275, 276
Ben-David, Ruth (aka Madeleine Ferraille): arrest and interrogation of, 103–8; “daughter” of, 101, 106, 110–11; Little Isser meeting with, 106–8; personal and professional background of, 99–101; post-Yossele life of, 111; Yossele case and, 99–103, 106–8, 110–11
Ben-Gal, Joseph, 123–24, 125–26
Ben-Gurion, David: Amit appointment by, 129, 158; attempted assassination of, 195; Big Isser and, 27, 28; Egyptian-German weapons program and, 114, 116, 117, 124, 128, 129; Eichmann case and, 67, 76, 84–86, 90; German-Israeli relations and, 117, 124, 130; Khrushchev speech and, 54–55; Lavon Affair and, 134; Little Isser and, 42, 90, 124, 129; Manor appointed to Shabak by, 54; Mossad-CIA relations and, 55; Mossad founding and, 29–30; resignation/retirement of, 130, 132, 158; right-wing opposition to, 42; Shiloah and, 29, 42; Yossele case and, 91, 95, 109
Ben-Porat, Mordechai (aka Zaka Haviv) 32–35
Ben-Simon, Daniel, 212–13
Ben-Tov, Cheryl (Hanin) (aka Cindy), 247–50, 251, 252–53
Ben-Uziel, David, 323, 324–25
Bergman, Ronen, 237, 268, 275, 304
Beta Israel. See Ethiopia: Jews from
Betzer, Muki, 202, 334
Big Isser. See Be’eri, Isser
bin Laden, Mohammed (Osama’s father), 149
bin Laden, Osama, 294
Bitar, Salah al-, 145, 148
Bitzur unit (Mossad), 319, 330
Black September (1970): Hussein massacre during, 187–88
Black September (terrorist organization): change in Mossad character and, 260; commanders of, 188; creation of, 188; early operations of, 188; end of, 203, 208, 212; hit teams for, 191–92; killing of leaders of, 192–211; Lillehamer fiasco and, 205–8; revenge attacks of, 197–98; Six-Day War and, 189; Sudan activities of, 199; Thailand activities of, 199; X Committee and, 191, 196; Yariv-Zamir proposal concerning, 189–91. See also specific person
Blau, Rabbi Amram, 111
BND (German intelligence agency), 312
Bodenheimer, Michael, 307, 312, 314
body in the sea, 43, 48, 49
Boudia, Mohammad, 204–5
Bourghalter, Edith, 203
Bourghalter, Pierre, 203
Boussard, Charles. See Molad, David
Brandner, Ferdinand, 114, 116
Brazil: Cukurs in, 174–84
Bregman, Ahron, 236–37
Brezhne
v, Leonid, 233–34
Brooklyn, New York: Yossele case and, 108–9, 111
Buckley, William, 293
Bull, Gerald, 255–59, 260, 262
Bush, George H.W., 328–29
Bush, George W., 17, 24, 283, 284–85, 286
Bushehr nuclear plant (Iran), 8, 12, 16, 18
Bushiki, Ahmed, 207–8
“The Butcher of Riga.” See Cukurs, Herberts
“Caesarea” team, Mossad, 172, 191–92, 215, 245, 246, 260, 267, 268, 278, 299, 300, 330
Carmel, Yehuda, 80, 81, 82
Caroz, Yaacov, 76, 97–98, 101, 104–5, 106, 158
Chambers, Erika Mary “Penelope,” 210, 211, 212
“Champagne Spy.” See Gur-Arie, Ze’ev
Chaudhry, Iftikhar Khan, 14
Cheney, Richard, 285
China, 12, 13
CIA (Central Intelligence Agency): Asgari defection and, 282; Buckley murder and, 293; Bull assassination and, 259; Egyptian-German weapons program and, 119; Ethiopian Jews exodus and, 329; “False Flag” recruiting missions and, 336; Iranian nuclear program and, 12–13, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21; Israeli operations in Iran and, 336; Israeli relations with, 12–13, 19, 29, 54, 55, 56, 336; Khrushchev speech and, 52, 55–56; Manor and, 54; Marwan (Angel) intelligence and, 235, 236; Mughniyeh case and, 296; Pollard affair and, 329; Salameh and, 208–9; supergun project and, 257, 258; Syrian nuclear program and, 281, 282
Cindy (pseud.). See Ben-Tov, Cheryl (Hanin)
Claudie. See Allon, Emanuel
Cleopatra (German-Egyptian project), 121
Clinton, Bill, 276
Cohen, Arye, 181–84
Cohen, Baruch (aka Moshe Hanan Ishai), 197
Cohen, Elie: Aman training of, 136–41; cover stories of, 138, 140–41; Egyptian activities of, 131–32, 133–34; equipment for, 141–42, 143, 144–45; execution of, 131, 155–56, 219; as hero, 156; immigration to Israel of, 134; Israeli attempts to save, 152–53, 154–55; Israeli recruitment of, 135; Lavon Affair and, 132; loneliness of, 144; Nadia letter from, 131, 149, 155; personal background of, 133, 135; personality and character of, 135, 139–40, 148, 156; reports of, 142, 144–45, 146–47, 156; sex parties of, 147; in South America, 139–40; Syrian activities of, 142–49; and Syrian attack on Israeli tractors, 148–49; Syrian discovery and execution of, 131, 149–56