Seleucos (husband of Berenice IV) 36, 235–6
Seleucos I 222
Seleucos (one of Cleopatra’s servants) 188
Seleucos (unsuccessful defender of Pelusium) 184
Semele 12
Semiramis 208
Senate House, Rome: statue of Victory in 204
Seneca 140
Septimus, Lucius 50, 51
Serapeum (temple of Serapis) 89, 90, 130
Alexandria 168, 225
Koptos 90
Memphite, Sakkara necropolis 101, 130–31, 142, 161
ibis shrine of Thoth 136
Rome 90
Serapion, governor of Cyprus 143–4, 149, 154, 155
Serapis (a god) 88–9
cult of 133
Servilia 49, 56, 103
Seth 24, 115, 116, 117, 118, 122
Seti I 91
Seven Wonders of the Ancient World 81
Shakespeare, William 48, 198, 217, 258n14
Antony and Cleopatra 213, 214–15
Coriolanus 213
Julius Caesar 213
Shu (dry god of the air) 24, 67
Sibylline Oracles 175–6
Sicily 144
Siculus, Diodorus 13, 128
Sinai 37
land bridge 76, 184
Sinope 89
Siwa Oasis 221
temple of Jupiter-Ammon 74
oracle of Zeus-Ammon 133
slavery, slaves 20, 56, 85, 95, 146, 158, 170, 186, 243n14
Smyrna 144
snake-bite, suicide by 191–3
snakes 193–4
Sobek 183
Sobeknofru (queen regent) 241n2
Society of Antiquaries, Newcastle 9
Soknebtynis 222
solar cults 68
solar disc 122, 124, 134
Soma royal cemetery, Alexandria 74, 75, 79–80
Sosibios
highly influential 226
purges the royal family 226
Ptolemy II plays a joke on him 156–7
sudden death 227
Sosius, Gaius 173
Sostratos of Knidos 81
Sotades the Obscene 25
Sothis (Sirius or Sepedet) 115
Spain 181
Caesar’s campaign in 104, 108
sphinxes 86, 91, 130, 131, 203–4
stephane (raised diadem) 118
Stone, Oliver 216
Strabo 12–13, 27–8, 36, 39, 82
Geography 79–80
strategoi (generals) 19
Stratonice (Ptolemy II’s mistress) 85
Suetonius 55, 74, 95, 99, 101, 153, 169, 202
The Divine Augustus 209
The Divine Julius 209
suicide 189–90, 213
Sulla, General 11, 234
sun disc 68
Sunnaoi Theoi (‘Temple-Sharing Gods’) 135
symposium (male after-dinner drinking club) 83–4
Syria
Seleucid empire of 222
Eulaeus and Lenaeus provoke a new Syrian war 229
Antiochos IV’s attack on Alexandria 229
Cleopatra II flees to 231, 232
Cleopatra VII flees to 48
Cassius occupies 143
Parthians attack (40) 158
Antony’s Parthian campaign 164
Ptolemy Philadelphos given parts of 169
T
Ta-nt Bastet 130
Taenarum (modern Cape Matapan) 180
Tanis (San el-Hagar) 71
Tarentum (Taranto) 161
Tarn, W.W.: Cambridge Ancient History 171
Tarsus 149, 162
Taweret 248n18
Tawosret (queen regent) 241n2
tax collectors 19, 141
taxation 21, 37, 52, 127, 135, 149, 162
Tayimhotep 44, 142
Taylor, Elizabeth 216, 258n15
Tebtynis, temple to Soknebtynis 222
Tefnut (goddess of moisture) 24, 67
Terenuthis, temple to Hathor 222
Terra Santa Catholic cemetery, Alexandria 74
Tertia (Servilia’s daughter) 56
Tertulla (Tertia), wife of Cassius 107–8
Tetisheri (queen consort) 241n2
Thames River 92
Thea Neotera (Younger Goddess) 139
Thea Notera Philopator kai Philopatris (the Father-Loving and Homeland-Loving Younger Goddess) 164
Thebes 42, 43, 78, 126, 193
the ever-rebellious southern capital 48, 100, 222
home of Amen-Re 71
home and burial place of the elite 71
civil unrest immediately after Cleopatra’s death 198–9
Idylls 82
Theodorus (Antyllus’s tutor) 199
Theodotus of Chios 32, 46, 50
Theoi Adelphoi 135
Theoi Neoi Phaldephoi (New Sibling-Loving Gods) 38
Theoi Philopatores Philadelphoi (the Father-loving, Brother/Sister-Loving Gods) 98
Theoi Soteres (‘Saviour Gods’) 133
Theoxena (possible daughter of Ptolemy I) 222
Thessalonica (Salonica) 49
Thinis 18
Third Syrian War (246–241) 225
Thisbe 189
Thoth (scribe of the gods) 129, 137, 248n18
Thrace 225
Thyrsus 183–4
Tiber River 104, 105
Tiglath-Pileser 197
Timon of Phleius 82
Timoneion shrine, Lochias peninsula 182
Timotheos of Athens 88
Titius, Marcus 171–2
titularies 119
Tiy (queen consort) 241n2, 247n26
Trastevere, Rome 104
tripartite wig 66, 69, 122, 124
triple uraeus 66, 67–8, 247n27
Triumphal Gate, Rome 103
Troy 185
Troy (film) 216
tryphe (luxury and ostentatious display) 12, 83, 86, 87, 146
Tunisia 200
Turin Canon 241n2
Turullius, Publius 184
Tuthmosis II 90
twin-snake imagery 256–7n2
Two Lands: the unified Nile Valley and Delta 1
Tyre 154, 158
U
Ullman, B.L. 153, 253n17
uraei 66, 67–8, 111, 114, 122, 124, 134, 193, 247n27
Urania (Julia Urania) 202
V
Valley of the Kings 71
Valley of the Queens 71
Vatican Museum 60
Velleius Paterculus 156, 253–4n20
Ventidius, Publius 160
Venus 49, 93, 106, 153, 207, 208
Venus Genetrix, Temple of, Rome 6, 106
Vercingetorix 104
Vergina: Macedonian royal cemetery 220
Vestal Virgins 107, 172
Vienna Museum 62
Villa of the Quintilii, Via Appia, Rome 60
Virgil 197–8, 256–7n2
The Aeneid 206–8
vulture crown/headdress 69, 111, 124, 136
W
Wadi Tumilat 181
Wadjyt (‘The Green One’) (snake goddess) 67, 69, 193
Wars of the Successors (321–285) 222
Weech, W.N. 201
Weigall, Arthur: The Life and Times of Cleopatra Queen of Egypt 1, 217
women
Egyptian 17, 103
Greek 17–18, 21–3
denied a formal education 23
X
Xenophon 131
Z
Zenodotus 82
Zeus 12, 25, 89, 132, 133, 248n18
Zeus Soter (Zeus the Saviour) 81
Zeus-Ammon 133, 195
Table of Contents
Cover
CLEOPATRA
ALSO BY JOYCE TYLDESLEYFor AdultsDaughters
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
Family tree
Maps
untitled
unti
tled
Author’s Note
Introduction
CHAPTER ONE: Princess of Egypt
CHAPTER TWO: Queen of Egypt
CHAPTER THREE: Alexandria-next-to-Egypt
CHAPTER FOUR: Cleopatra and Julius Caesar
CHAPTER FIVE: The New Isis
CHAPTER SIX: Cleopatra and Mark Antony
CHAPTER SEVEN: Death of a Dream
CHAPTER EIGHT: Cleopatra’s Children
CHAPTER NINE: History Becomes Legend
Who Was Who?
Chronology
Notes
Bibliography
List of Illustrations
Cartouches
Acknowledgements
Index