Washington, DC, construction supervised by, 174–176
Wilkinson’s letter from, 48–49
Wolcott on, 217
Wythe training, 35–36, 95, 174, 184
See also Chief Justice, Marshall, John, as; Law practice, of Marshall, John; Marriage, of Marshall, John
Marshall, John James (son), 86, 147, 172, 289
Marshall, Lucy (sister), 15
Marshall, Mary (mother), 10, 12–13
Marshall, Mary (sister), 15
Marshall, Mary Ann (daughter), 81, 86
Marshall, Mary “Polly” (daughter), 111, 131, 147, 172, 289
Marshall, Mary “Polly” Ambler (wife)
death of, 314, 317
depression of, 45, 79, 132, 138, 258
health of, 45, 73, 206
Marshall, Edward Carrington, birthed by, 235
Marshall, James Keith, birthed by, 172
Marshall, John James, birthed by, 86
Marshall, Mary Ann, birthed by, 81
Marshall, Mary “Polly,” birthed by, 111
Marshall, Rebecca, birthed by, 45
Marshall, Thomas, birthed by, 42
at Oak Hill, 205, 236, 258
partial recovery of, 146–147
vacationing with Monroe, 205–206
See also Marriage, of Marshall, John
Marshall, Rebecca (daughter), 45, 81
Marshall, Thomas (son), 42, 81, 86, 131, 289, 317
Marshall, Thomas, Jr. (brother), 15, 32, 34
Marshall, Thomas, Sr. (father)
Ambler, Jacquelin, and, 33
death of, 203
Fairfax Manor Lands and, 113
in Kentucky, 11, 34–35, 46, 276
Oak Hill home of, 14–15, 38, 44, 46–47
reunion with, 32, 113
in Revolutionary War, 15–16, 18–19, 21–22
surveying by, 10–13, 35, 43–44
Washington, George, and, 10, 43, 275
Martin, Luther, 251
Martin v. Hunter’s Lessee
Hite v. Fairfax and, 286
jurisdiction in, 323
Marshall, James Markham, in, 286
Marshall, John, and, 286–287, 323
in new foundation for constitutional law, 294
Story on, 286–287, 323
Maryland. See McCulloch v. Maryland
Maryland Gazette Extraordinary, 218
Mason, George, 56, 59
Mason, S. T., 214
Maternal descent, rule of, 74–75
Mazzei, Philip, 113–114
McCulloch, James, 296–297, 323–324
McCulloch v. Maryland
implied powers in, 294, 298, 300, 324
Marshall, John, and, 294, 296–301, 323–324
in new foundation for constitutional law, 294
state sovereignty in, 296–301, 323–324
taxes in, 300–301
McHenry, James, 214
as secretary of state, 109, 129, 166, 168
against War of 1812, 274
Meade, Cowles, 249
Merry, Anthony, 171
Mexican War, 299
Midnight Judges, 180, 195
Minutemen, 16–17
Mitchell, Samuel Latham, 235
Monmouth Courthouse, Battle of, 2, 87, 121
importance of, 21–22
Men of, 28, 57, 120, 249
Washington, George, leading, 25–28
Monopolies, 304–306, 324
Monroe, James, 37, 39, 57, 251
aging of, 289
Agricola pseudonym of, 95–96
as antifederalist, 104
death of, 308–309
in Era of Good Feelings, 291
as governor of Virginia, 154, 188, 199
Hamilton challenging to duel, 120–121, 222–223
inauguration of, 287–289
Jefferson and, 62, 119, 186–187
Louisiana Purchase by, 213–214
Marshall, John, as friend of, 13–14, 117–118, 288–290
Marshall, John, at odds with, 62–64, 72
as minister to France, 104, 117–119
oath of office taken by, 288–290
presidential election won by, 287–288, 291
retirement of, 304
in Revolutionary War, 20–23, 26, 28–29, 87
as secretary of state, 277, 281
slavery and, 74–75
vacationing with Marshall, John, 205–206
at Virginia ratification convention, 62–64, 72
at Virginia state constitution reform convention, 308
in War of 1812, 277, 281, 288
Washington, George, and, 1–2, 117–118
wife of, 205–206, 308
Moore, Alfred, 184, 211
Morris, Gouverneur, 171, 197–198, 200
Morris, Robert, 82, 112, 131
Muhlenberg, Frederick, 104
Murray, William Vans, 153–154
Napoléon Bonaparte, 134, 142–143
Barras and, 126–128, 133
British fighting, 150–152
defeat of, 151–152, 277–278, 282
Louisiana Purchase and, 212–213
Nash, Thomas, 160–163
National Intelligencer, 190, 283
Naturalization Act, 145
Naval Committee, House, 272
Navigable waters, 213, 276, 285, 304–306
Navy, U.S., 142, 150, 277
Necessary and proper clause, 57, 66, 177, 298
Negro Seamen Act, 304
Nelson, Horatio, 151
Nelson, Thomas, 37
Nereide, 284
Neutrality policy
of Adams, John, 3, 144, 154
of Spain, 284
of Washington, George, 3, 92–96, 103, 105, 272
Neutrality Proclamation, 92–96, 103, 105
New Jersey, duels legal in, 226, 240–241
New Orleans, 212–215, 239
Burr in, 242
War of 1812 battle at, 280–282
New York
duels illegal in, 226, 240–241
Gibbons v. Ogden and, 304–306, 324
New York Citizen, 226
New-York Evening Post, 199, 220
New-York Journal, 93
Nicholas, John, 206
Nicholas, Wilson Cary, 203
Nicholson, Joseph H., 218–219
Nullification, 315–316
Oak Hill
home of Marshall, Thomas, Sr., 14–15, 38, 44, 46–47
home of Marshall, John, 46–47, 205, 236, 258, 317
Marshall, Polly Ambler, at, 205, 236, 258
Off-shore commerce, 54, 57, 67, 135, 259
Ogden, Aaron, 305–306
Ohio, Burr in, 244, 247–248, 252
Ohio River, 275–276
Olmstead, Gideon, 261, 263
Page, Mann, 110
Paine, Tom, 137
Patent Office, 278, 281
Patterson, William, 184, 211, 236
Paulus Hook, 31
Peace
French overtures, in quasi-war, 152–156, 163, 166
War of 1812, 277, 279–280
Peace commission, to France
Adams, John, appointing, 130–133, 135, 139–141
Gerry in, 130, 132, 134, 139–140
Jefferson and, 131–132, 140–141
Marshall, John, in, 3, 131–145
Pinckney, Charles, in, 123, 131–140, 144–145
Talleyrand-Périgord and, 127–129, 133–140
Peck, John, 265, 322
Perry, Oliver Hazard, 277
Peters, Richard, 261–263, 313
Philips, Josiah, 9
Physick, Philip Syng, 313, 317
Pickering, John, 216, 231
Pickering, Timothy, 108
firing of, 166–167, 173
secession called for by, 200, 214, 260
as secretary of state, 109, 117–118, 129, 132, 143
Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, 217
le
tters to, 191–192, 204, 220
in peace commission, 123, 131–140, 144–145
quasi-war with France and, 119, 125, 131
Pinckney, Thomas, 123
Pitt, William, 146
Plato, 83
Plumer, William, 217, 222, 231–232
Political issues, legal issues and, 162
Political parties, 122, 291
See also Federalists; Republicans
Polk, James K., 299
Potomac River, 275
Precedent. See Stare decisis
Presidential elections
of Adams, John, 123–127
of Jackson, 314
Jefferson in, 123, 125, 228
Marshall, John, not running in, 274–275
of Monroe, 287–288, 291
of Washington, George, 72, 80–86, 153
See also 1800, presidential election of
Presidents
executive orders by, 299
Jefferson’s ambitions to be, 94, 113–114, 122–123
Marbury v. Madison restraining, 207, 210, 227
powers of, 57, 60, 91–92, 145
subpoenaed, 254
Supreme Court decisions
enforced by, 262, 264, 311, 316, 325
vetoes by, 300
from Virginia, 275, 287
See also Proclamations
Proclamations
Constitution and, 91–92, 299
Neutrality Proclamation, 92–96, 103, 105
against nullification, 315
See also Executive orders
Propertied class, 285
Property rights, 86, 112, 180, 295–296
Property taxes, 159–160, 230
The Prospect Before Us (Callender), 168
Quasi-coups, 210
Quasi-war, with France, 145–146
Adams, John, and, 125, 127–130, 146, 150
Alien and Sedition Acts passed during, 145
Barras in, 125–128, 133–134
French peace overtures in, 152–156, 163, 166
Marshall, John, and, 116–118, 146
Monroe and, 117–119
Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, and, 119, 125, 131
Talbot case in, 193–195
XYZ dispatches from, 140–142
See also Peace commission, to France
Quoits Club, 79–80
Randolph, Edmund, 44, 56, 103, 108, 117
Randolph, Henry, 13
Randolph, John, 230–231
Ratification, of Constitution
in Article VII, 58
Jefferson on, 62
See also Virginia ratification convention
Reeve, Tapping, 214
Republic (Plato), 83
Republicans, 3, 88, 111, 261
Chase victory chastening, 234
against federal judiciary, 206
Federalist divisions helping, 154
as “French Party,” 140
Fries supported by, 159–160
in history’s dustbin, 290
Nash supported by, 160–161
presidential election of 1800 and, 163–164, 185–192
on Supreme Court, 268–269, 271
Residency Act of 1790, 172
Revolutionary War
Arnold in, 36, 276
Burr in, 18–19, 27–28, 85
Hamilton in, 26, 28, 37–38
Henry and, 15, 17, 24–25, 37
heroes, 2, 11, 28, 61
Jefferson and, 23–24, 28, 32, 34, 36
Marshall, James Markham, in, 32, 34
Marshall, John, in, 15–25, 28–29, 31–32
Marshall, Thomas, Sr., in, 15–16, 18–19, 21–22
Monroe in, 20–23, 26, 28–29, 87
Olmstead and, 261, 263
Story and, 270
Supreme Court ties to, 270
Treaty of Paris ending, 76–78, 112
Valley Forge in, 22–25, 239–240
veterans, 38–39, 46
Washington, Bushrod, and, 270
Washington, George, in, 19–28, 31–32, 38–39
See also Continental Army; Declaration of Independence; specific battles
Reynolds, James, 104–105, 120–121
Reynolds, Mrs. James, 104–105, 119–121, 223
Richmond
Capitol of, 168–169
circuit court, 249, 268–269
Franco-English war and, 91
house of Marshall, John, in, 72–73
in War of 1812, 277
Richmond Examiner, 180, 202
River commerce, 212, 275–276
River Commission Report, 275–276, 285–286
Roane, Spencer, 286–287, 302–303
Robes, judicial, 179, 184–185
Robespierre, Maximilien, 126–128, 177
Rodney, Thomas, 249
Ross, James, 214
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 84
Rule of maternal descent, 74–75
Rush, Benjamin, 243
Rutledge, John, 155
Saratoga, Battle of, 24
Secession, 4, 68, 185, 264
Burr and, 238–244
Jefferson calling for, 3
Kentucky, 239–242
Pickering, Timothy, calling for, 200, 214, 260
Secretary of state
Jefferson, 83–86, 97–98, 102
Madison, 196, 208, 236, 262
Marshall, John, 170, 172–180, 195
McHenry, 109, 129, 166, 168
Monroe, 277, 281
Pickering, Timothy, 109, 117–118, 129, 132, 143
Sedgwick, Theodore, 19, 155, 162
Sedition Act. See Alien and Sedition Acts
Seeman, Hans, 193–195
Senate
Burr’s farewell to, 234–235, 240
impeachment and, 215–216, 221–222, 228–243
payment of, 171
treaty power of, 109–110, 114–115
Shays’s Rebellion, 47–49, 55
Ship seizures
Adams, John, and, 3, 128–129
France and, 3, 128, 150, 175
in Franco-English war, 2–3, 92, 175
by Great Britain, 2–3, 175, 282
Nereide, 284
in Talbot case, 193–195
by U.S. Navy, 150
Sinclair, John, 101
Sixth Amendment, 253
Slavery, 152, 197, 304, 308
Jefferson and, 85, 201–202
Louisiana Purchase and, 214–215
Marshall, John, and, 42, 46, 73–75, 81, 131
Virginia ratification convention and, 68–69
Washington, George, against, 267
See also Spurlock, Robin
Smith, Mrs. Samuel Harrison, 282–283
Snyder, Simon, 263–264
South
McCulloch v. Maryland angering, 300
resistant to Supreme Court, 313, 315–316, 318
South Carolina
in Civil War, 286, 315–316, 318
state sovereignty of, 293, 304, 315–316
Sovereignty. See State sovereignty
Spain, 146, 212
Burr accused of expedition against, 249–255
neutrality of, 284
Wilkinson, James, and, 239–240
Spurlock, Robin
bill inspired by, 81
market trips by, 235–236
talents of, 46, 73–74, 131
Stare decisis (precedent), 270
“The Star-Spangled Banner” (Key), 279
State laws
ranking of, 58, 287
Supreme Court voiding, 264–265, 287, 290, 300, 322
State sovereignty, 321–322
of Georgia, 293, 309–313
in McCulloch v. Maryland, 296–301, 323–324
of South Carolina, 293, 304, 315–316
States
Constitution as compact between, 145, 287, 297, 312
economic disputes among, 53–54
taxa
tion by, 300–301
territorial disputes among, 52–53
Statutory law, 269
Steamboat monopoly, 304–306
Stoddert, Benjamin, 274–275
Stony Point, Battle of, 29, 31
Story, Joseph, 110, 185, 271, 304, 312
death of Marshall, Polly Ambler, and, 314
eulogy for Marshall, John, by, 317–318
on Jackson, Andrew, 316
on Livingston, Brockhorst, 237
Marshall, John, praised by, 313
on Martin v. Hunter’s Lessee, 286–287, 323
Revolutionary War and, 270
as youngest justice, 268
Stuart, Archibald, 99
Supreme Court, United States
as appellate court, 208, 287, 293
in Article III, 58, 198, 207
at Caldwell’s house, 282–283
cases during War of 1812, 283–284
checks on, 303
circuit court ridden by, 149, 178, 196, 203–205
as coequal branch of
government, 5, 207, 210, 212, 263, 316
Constitution changed by, 207–210, 294
creation of, 58, 60
enforcement of decisions by, 262, 264, 311, 316, 325
federal laws voided by, 209, 212, 215, 287, 300, 322
Federalists on, 268–269
as final arbiter, 287, 293–294
Hall of Justice, 266
Jackson’s appointments to, 316
Jefferson against, 193–200, 215–219
Judiciary Act of 1802 and, 196–199
on land disputes, 291
legitimate criticisms of, 303
library, saved, 278
limited public expressions of, 234
Madison’s appointments to, 267–268
mediation by, 195
new quarters of, 265–267
original space of, 183
Republicans on, 268–269, 271
Revolutionary War ties to, 270
seven justices in, 255
South resistant to, 313, 315–316, 318
state laws voided by, 264–265, 287, 290, 300, 322
as supreme law of the land, 4, 58, 321, 323
Washington, George, on importance of, 178
See also Chief Justice, Marshall, John, as; Impeachment; Judicial review; Jurisdiction, of Supreme Court; specific cases
Surveying, 42
by Marshall, John, 275–276
by Marshall, Thomas, Sr., 10–13, 35, 43–44
Taggart, Samuel, 233
Talbot case, 193–195
Talleyrand-Périgord, Charles Maurice de, 212
peace commission and, 127–129, 133–140
peace overture by, 152–153, 159
Tariffs, 315–316
Tassel, George “Corn,” 310
Taxation
in McCulloch v. Maryland, 300–301
power of, 67
property, 159–160, 230
by states, 300–301
whiskey, 106–107
Tecumseh, 272
Tenth Amendment, 299
Territorial disputes, among states, 52–53
Tiffin, Edward, 247
Tippecanoe River, 272
Todd, Thomas, 237, 270–271
Tracy, Uriah, 214, 228