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Parker, Peter, The Old Lie: The Great War and the Public School Ethos (Constable, 1987)
Patten, Louise, Good As Gold (Quercus, 2010)
Proctor, Ben, William Randolph Hearst, the Later Years (Oxford University Press, 2007)
Rabelais, Franfois, Gargantua and Pantagruel, translated by M. A. Screech (Penguin, 2006)
Ray, Martin, ed., Joseph Conrad: Interviews and Recollections (Macmillan, 1990)
Rendell, M. J., ‘Harrow: The School of Life’, in C. E. Pascoe, Everyday Life in Our Public Schools (1881)
Robertson, Morgan, Futility: The Wreck of the Titan (7Cs Press, 1974)
Rose, Jonathan, The Edwardian Temperament 1895–1919 (Ohio University Press, 1986)
Saint, Andrew, Richard Norman Shaw (Yale University Press, 1976)
Sanderson, I. C. M., A History of Elstree School and Three Generations of the Sanderson Family (privately published, 1978)
Sherry, Norman, Conrad’s Eastern World (Cambridge University Press, 1966)
Stape, J. H., The Several Lives of Joseph Conrad (Doubleday, 2007)
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Stenson, Patrick, Lights: The Odyssey of C. H. Lightoller (The Bodley Head, 1984)
Strouse, Jean, Morgan: American Financier (Random House, 1999)
Vachell, H. A., The Hill: A Romance of Friendship (John Murray, 1905)
Verne, Jules, A Floating City (Routledge, 1876)
Waller, P. J., Democracy and Sectarianism: A Political and Social History of Liverpool, 1868–1939 (Liverpool University Press, 1981)
Watt, Ian, Essays on Conrad (Cambridge University Press, 2000)
Wilson, F. B., Sporting Pie (Chapman & Hall, 1922)
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Acknowledgements
I would like to thank members of the Ismay family for their help and support, especially Pauline Matarasso whose friendship, insights and intelligence made writing this book an unexpected pleasure. Angus Cheape provided tremendous hospitality and some extraordinary documents, and I am extremely grateful to Malcolm Cheape for allowing me use of family photographs. Thank you also to John Cheape, Pascal Lo, Jim Alderson Smith and Alan and Trudi Sanderson. A chance conversation with Kate Bucknell changed everything, and I owe a particular gratitude to Robert and Polly Maguire.
For sharing their knowledge of the Titanic and archives of Titanic materials, thanks are due to the experts: John Wilson Foster, Paul Lee and George Behe, whose guidance prevented me from hitting many an iceberg. Louise Patten gave me vital information and a very good tea. I am forever in debt to Conrad’s brilliant biographer and editor, John Stape, for the constant flow of reading material sent to me and many fine conversations. For discussing the manuscript at various stages I am grateful — once again — to Pauline Matarasso, and also to Ophelia Field, Paul Keegan and David Miller. Anne Chisholm lent me valuable materials, and Candia McWilliam led me towards others. Also of great help were Alex Towli, Michael McCaughan, Lee Kendall, Ada Wordsworth, Anthony Wilson, Mark Bostridge and Neil Rennie.
Copyright photographic material is reproduced by permission of the following: The Ulster Folk and Transport Museum, English Heritage, Mary Evans Picture Library, Getty Images, the Cheape Family, Angus Cheape, Robert Maguire, Don Lynch, the Titanic
Historical Society and the Bettmann Archive. I am grateful to Derek Mahon and The Gallery Press for permission to reproduce After the Titanic’ from New Collected Poems (2011).
Finally, thank you to my agent, Sarah Chalfant at the Wylie Agency, and for the hard work of the wonderful team at Bloomsbury — Kate Holland, Catherine Best, Alexa von Hirschberg, Anna Simpson and especially my editor, Michael Fishwick.
Index
The pagination of this electronic edition does not match the edition from which it was created. To locate a specific passage, please use the search feature of your e-book reader.
Page numbers in bold refer to illustrations.
A Floating City (Verne) 66
A History of the World in 1/2 Chapters
(Barnes) 37
A Night to Remember (film) 23, 37, 227–8, 280
A Night to Remember (Lord) 7, 25, 260, 280
A Room with a View (Forster) 205
A Voyage Closed and Done
(Matarasso) 91
Abrahim, Mary 12
Academy 179
Adcote, Shrewsbury 83
Aden 175
Adriatic 44, 66, 163, 203–4, 206–7
‘After the Titanic’ (Mahon) 259
Albert Hall, London, ‘One Hundred Years Ago’ ball 257–8
Alden, William 179–80
Ali Lam 13
Almayer’s Folly (Conrad) 195
American Line 94
Amerika 116, 130
Andrews, Thomas 32
Arnold, Thomas 75
Around the World in Eighty Days (Verne) 65
Arthur, Alexander 76
Asiatic Steamship Company 266
Asquith, Margot 235
Assaf, Mariana 12
Astor, John Jacob 109, 111–12, 131, 160, 163
Astor, Madeleine 210
Astor, William Waldorf 109
Atlantic 66, 68, 215
Atlantic, first steam crossing 64–5
Atlantic Transport 94
Baclini, Eugenie 12
Baclini, Helene 12
Baclini, Latifa 12
Baclini, Marie 12
Badman, Emily 8, 12
Ballin, Albert 97
Baltic 3, 42, 56, 66, 162, 242, 245–6, 246, 248, 256, 262, 265
Barnes, Julian 37
Beech Lawn, Liverpool 71, 81, 82
Beesley, Lawrence
adrift 27, 36
arrival in New York 57
comparison with Conrad’s writing 37
escape from Titanic 33
on ice warning 56
on Ismay’s escape 272
letter to The Times 33–4
The Loss of the SS Titanic: Its Story and Its Lessons 32–7
on movement of Titanic after collision 152
on sinking of Titanic 15, 17
on speed of Titanic 153
Behr, Karl H. 24, 54, 265
Belfast 35, 64
Belgic 66
Bell, Joseph 32, 250
Bennett, Arnold 179
Bernard Shaw, George 21, 286
Betts, George 264–6
Bigham, John Charles 232
Birkenhead, HMS 73, 234
Birkenhead drill, the 73
Blackwood’s 176, 177, 277, 285
Blue Riband, the 96
Board of Trade Life-Saving Appliances Committee 69
Bobrowska, Ewa 191
Bobrowski, Thaddeus 192, 193
Boer War 68, 93, 215
Boston Globe 86–7
Boston Herald 34
Bottomley, Horatio 19–20
Boulton, William 214
Bourne, Senator 156
Boxhall, Joseph 141, 153, 237
Bradford and District Trades and Labour Council 233
Bride, Harold 134–6, 247
Britannia 65
Britannic 86
British Board of Trade 11, 186
British Board of Trade inquiry accounts of Ismay’s departure 5
audience 229, 254–5
concluding remarks 255–6
cost 233
focus 234–5
and the ice warning 241–4
Ismay follows proceedings 211
Ismay on 255
Ismay’s testimony 38, 237–44, 238, 249–55
Lightoller on 233
Lightoller’s testimony 235–7
members 231, 232–3
opens 229–32
report 213, 256–7
and the Yamsi messages 234�
��5
British Seafarers’ Union 233
Broughton Hall, Liverpool 82
Brown, Edward 6
Brown, Molly 27
Bruce, Luke 63
Brunel, Isambard Kingdom 64
Bryce, James 136–8
Burke’s Peerage 69
Burma 246
Butler, Dr Montagu 74
Butt, Archie 111, 200–2, 205
Californian 29, 30, 159, 246, 275
Cameron, James 23
Canadian Dominion Steamship Company 215
Cardeza, Charlotte Drake Martinez 5–6, 265
Cardeza, Thomas 5–6
Carlisle 61–2
Carlisle, Alexander 119, 251–2
Carpathia
arrival in New York 57–60
Ismay aboard 30–2, 37–41, 46–7, 51–4, 124–5, 145–7, 152, 203
movements of ix
passengers 29
receives distress call 28, 124, 246
rescue preparations 28
rescues survivors 28–32
roll call of survivors 29–30
survivors aboard 45–6, 54–7
thanksgiving and remembrance service 45
wireless 48–9, 134, 246
Carter, Lucille 7, 8, 208
Carter, William E. 7–8, 9, 12, 140, 160, 200, 208, 223
Cavendish, Tyrell William 79
Cedric 51–3, 58, 141, 145, 147
Celtic 66, 86
‘Certain Aspects of the Admirable Inquiry into the Loss of the Titanic (Conrad) 187–9, 277
Chadwick, Admiral F. E. 49
Chance (Conrad) 183–4, 185, 255, 276
Chang Chip 13
Charles Jackson 62–3
Cheape, Brigadier General Ronald 106, 273
Cherbourg 113
Chesterton, G. K. 232, 286
Christian Science Journal 38, 156
Christian Science Sentinel 33
Chronicle 47
Churchill, Winston 40
Collyer, Charlotte 14, 16
compensation claims 263–6
Conan Doyle, Arthur 286
Congo, the 194
Conrad, Joseph, see also Lord Jim (Conrad)
aims 182
Almayer’s Folly 195
appearance 195
arrival in England 193–4
background 180, 191–2
Beesley uses as model 37
birth 191
on Captain Marlow 182–3
Chance 183–4, 185, 255, 276
completes Lord Jim 177
first novel 195
Galsworthy on 195
Heart of Darkness 176, 181–2
and Ismay 184, 274–7 ‘Karain: A Memory’ 14, 277–9
and language 180–1
letter to Ted Sanderson 167–8
The Mirror of the Sea 39–40, 193, 195–6
as Modern Romantic 190
The Nigger of the ‘Narcissus’ 182
‘Ocean Travel’ 184–5
opinion of Lord Mersey 233
An Outcast of the Islands 196
response to Titanic affair 167, 184– 90
seafaring career 192–6 ‘The Secret Sharer’ 220–2
and speed 190
suicide attempt 193
and symbolism 189
Tales of Unrest 277
theme 168
Twixt Land and Sea 220–2
on US inquiry 126, 185–6, 187–8
use of doubleness 166
use of Marlow character 180–4
use of recorded events 276–7
use of Yamsi codename 185– 6
Victory 202, 209
visits to Elstree 72
voyage on the Torrens 194–6, 199
Under Western Eyes 181
on “White Star liners 184–5
and Williams 206
writing 184
writings on loss of Titanic 185–90, 277, 284, 285
Youth 181
Continental Hotel, Washington 138–9
‘The Convergence of the Twain’
(Hardy) 287
Conway, HMS 221
Cornhill Magazine 190, 285
Corsair 95
Costelloe Lodge, Galway 260–1, 262, 267, 268, 283
Cottam, Harold 28, 47, 134
Country Life 104
courage 273–4
Cox, Katherine 286
Cracow, Poland 192
Cumings, Florence 210
Cunard, Samuel 65, 67
Cunard Company 67, 96–7
Cunard White Star Limited 266, 268
Currie, James 70–1
Cutty Sark 222
Daher, Banoura Ayorb 12
Daily Chronicle 175
Daily Mail 20, 226, 251
Daily Mirror 229, 230, 231–2, 234, 257–8
Daily News 21, 178
Daily Sketch 207, 238, 239, 254, 284
Daily Telegraph 140–1, 285
Daly, Eugene 265
Dawkins, Clinton 95, 97
Dawpool 83–5, 88, 89–90, 104
‘The Deathless Story of the Titanic’ (Gibbs) 234
‘The Decay of Lying’ (Wilde) 277
Delaplaine, John Ferris 88
Denver Post 19, 111
Deutschland 55–6, 56
Devaney, Margaret 8, 12
Dewey, Admiral 49
Dickens, Charles 65, 67
Dinard 79
Dodd, George 32
Dominion 94
Doric 85–6
doubleness, concept of 166
Douglas, Keith 74
Douglas, Malaha 5, 163
Douglas-Wiggin, Kate 43
Downshire House 100
Duff Gordon, Lord and Lady 11, 18, 54, 235
Edison, Thomas 245
Edwards, Clement 231, 252–4
Edwards, the Reverend 79
Elstree preparatory school 71–3, 195
Engineering 64
English Review 185, 187, 277, 285
Examiner 49
Fairplay 95–6
Finlay, Sir Robert 230, 231, 254, 256
Fleet, Frederick 142, 156
Fletcher, J. A. 67
Fletcher, Senator 148
Forbes, B. C. 95
Forster, E. M. 181, 190, 205, 286
Franklin, Philip 46–7, 49, 58–60, 107, 141, 143, 210, 213–14, 246–7
Freud, Sigmund 165–6
Fry, Richard 32
Futility (Robertson) 140
Gallic 66
Galsworthy, John 60, 72, 74, 77, 162, 176, 177, 194–5, !99, 260–1, 286
Galway 213, 226
Garnett, Edward 180, 220
George, Shawneene 8, 12
Gerrard, Alfred 268
Gibbs, Philip 20–1, 234
Gibson, Dorothy 25
Glasgow Evening Times 99
Globe, the 175
Goldsmith, Emily 9, 12
Goldsmith, John 13
Gracie, Colonel Archibald 9, 16, 25
Grand Rapids Evening Press 126
Graphic 127
Graves, W. S. 93–4
Great Eastern 66, 67, 85, 245
Great War, the 262
Great Western 64–5
Great Western Steamship Company 64, 65
Griscom, Clement A. 97
Guerard, Albert 180, 269–70
Guernsey Press 29
Guggenheim, Benjamin 20, 111
Haddock, Captain 30, 41, 48, 48
Hamburg-America Packet Company 152
Hardy, Thomas 287
Harland, Edward 64
Harland & Wolff 41, 63–4, 65–7, 92–3, 101–2, 102, 106
Harrison, Austin 185
Harrison, William 32
Harrovians, The (Lunn) 75
Harrow 73–8
Hawke, HMS 45, 105–6, 153, 161
Hays, Charles M. 32
Hayter, Arthur 32, 208
Hayter, Louise 208
&n
bsp; Hearst, William Randolph 86, 136–8
Heart of Darkness (Conrad) 176, 181–2
Hellström, Hilda 13
Henley, W. E. 208
Hill: A Romance of Friendship, The (Vachell) 78
Hichens, Quartermaster Robert 133, 154–6
Holmfield 90
Holmstead, Liverpool 82
Houghlin Mifflin 34
Howard, May 8–9, 12
Howards End (Forster) 190, 205, 286
Hughes, J. A. 49, 124–5
Hughes, Thomas 75
Hulme, T. E. 166
Hurst, Walter 8
Hyde, Jonathan 23
Hyman, Abraham 10, 12, 117
hypothermia 44
ice warnings 3–4, 29, 43, 55–6, 140, 247–9, 265
and the British Board of Trade inquiry 241–4
US inquiry and 115–16, 130, 147–8 icebergs 27
‘If’ (Kipling) 223–4
Imrie, Tomlinson 62
Imrie, William 62, 63–4, 68, 82, 93
Indefatigable 69
International Mercantile Marine 46, 94–100, 101, 107, 137, 214, 218–19, 239, 262, 266
Ireland 213
Isaacs, Sir Rufus, QC 231, 239–42, 244, 249–50, 255, 255–6
Ismay, Bower 81, 92, 94, 227
Ismay, Constance (nee Schieffelin) 92, 272
Ismay, Ethel 70
Ismay, Florence (nee Schieffelin) 52, 53, 80, 87–92, 100, 102, 106, 190, 197–8, 206–7, 208–9, 218, 224–5, 226, 238, 238, 267, 268, 281
Ismay, Henry 61, 70
Ismay, Henry (son) 89
Ismay, Imrie & Co. 63–4, 87, 94
Ismay, J. Bruce
aboard Carpathia 30–2, 37–41, 46–7, 51–4, 124–5, 145–7, 152, 203
accepts partnership 89
account of departure from Titanic 114, 117–18, 140
account of evacuation of Titanic 116–18
account of time on Carpathia 30–1
account of voyage 113–14
accounts of departure from Titanic 5–10
accusation against 19–21, 50
adrift 27
advises Franklin of loss of Titanic 46–7
appearance 13, 39, 112, 143, 207, 239
appointment as IMM president 97–100, 99, 137
arrival in New York 58–60
arrival in Washington 138
aspirations 98
Atlantic crossings 22–3
attempt to influence Smith 143–4
attendance at US inquiry 157–9
awakes on collision 4
background 61–4
and Beesley’s letter to The
Times 33–4
belief conscience was clear 31
Betts questions 264–5
birth 70
boards Titanic 106–8
on the British Board of Trade inquiry 255
British Board of Trade inquiry findings 256–7
British Board of Trade inquiry testimony 38, 237–44, 238, 249–55
builds residence 81–5