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    Supersurvivors

    Page 23
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      Butler, S. M., and D. A. Snowdon. “Trends in Mortality in Older Women: Findings from the Nun Study.” Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences 51B (1996): S20I-S208.

      Cameron, J. A Time of Terror: A Survivor’s Story. Baltimore, MD: Black Classic Press, 1993.

      Danner, D. D., D. A. Snowdon, and W. V. Friesen. “Positive Emotions in Early Life and Longevity: Findings from the Nun Study.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 5 (2001): 804–13.

      Fitchett, G., P. E. Murphy, J. Kim, J. L. Gibbons, J. R. Cameron, and J. A. Davis. “Religious Struggle: Prevalence, Correlates and Mental Health Risks in Diabetic, Congestive Heart Failure, and Oncology Patients.” International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 34 (2004): 179–96.

      Freud, S. The Future of an Illusion. New York: Norton, 1975.

      Harris, J. I., C. R. Erbes, B. E. Engdahl, R. H. Olson, A. M. Winskowski, and J. McMahill. “Christian Religious Functioning and Trauma Outcomes.” Journal of Clinical Psychology 64 (2008): 17–29.

      Ironson, G., R. Stuetzle, D. Ironson, E. Balbin, H. Kremer, A. George, N. Schneiderman, and M. A. Fletcher. “View of God as Benevolent and Forgiving or Punishing and Judgmental Predicts HIV Disease Progression.” Journal of Behavioral Medicine 34 (2011): 414–25.

      Just the Facts Coalition. Just the Facts about Sexual Orientation and Youth: A Primer for Principals, Educators, and School Personnel. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2008. http://www.apa.org/pi/lgbc/publications/justthefacts.html.

      Lamb, Y. S. “Survived Lynching, Founded Museum” [obituary of James Cameron]. The Washington Post, June 13, 2006.

      Levine, L. W. Black Culture and Black Consciousness: Afro-American Folk Thought from Slavery to Freedom. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.

      Levy, B. C., M. D. Slade, and P. Ranasinghe. “Causal Thinking after a Tsunami Wave: Karma Beliefs, Pessimistic Explanatory Style and Health among Sri Lankan Survivors.” Journal of Religion and Health 48 (2009): 38–45.

      Ling, L. (host). Our America with Lisa Ling [television broadcast]. Oprah Winfrey Network, June 20, 2013.

      Marsh, C. The Beloved Community: How Faith Shapes Social Justice, from the Civil Rights Movement to Today. New York: Basic Books, 2004.

      O’Grady, K. A., D. G. Rollison, T. S. Hanna, H. Schreiber-Pan, and M. A. Ruiz. “Earthquake in Haiti: Relationship with the Sacred in Times of Trauma.” Journal of Psychology and Theology 40 (2012): 289–301.

      Pargament, K. I., B. W. Smith, H. G. Koenig, and L. Perez. “Patterns of Positive and Negative Religious Coping with Major Life Stressors.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 37 (1998): 710–24.

      Pargament, K. I., B. J. Zinnbauer, A. B. Scott, E. M. Butter, J. Zerowin, and P. Stanik. “Red Flags and Religious Coping: Identifying Some Religious Warning Signs among People in Crisis.” Journal of Clinical Psychology 54 (1998): 77–89.

      Park, C. L., J. H. Wortmann, and D. Edmondson. “Religious Struggle as a Predictor of Subsequent Mental and Physical Well-Being in Advanced Heart Failure Patients.” Journal of Behavioral Medicine 34 (2011): 426–36.

      Pirutinsky, S., D. H. Rosmarin, K. I. Pargament, and E. Midlarsky. “Does Negative Religious Coping Accompany, Precede, or Follow Depression among Orthodox Jews?” Journal of Affective Disorders 132 (2011): 401–5.

      “Religion: Long-Live Nuns,” Time, November 16, 1959. http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,811456,00.html.

      Serovich, J. M., S. M. Craft, P. Toviessi, R. Gangamma, T. McDowell, and E. L. Grafsky. “A Systematic Review of the Research Base on Sexual Reorientation Therapies.” Journal of Marital and Family Therapy 34 (2008): 227–38.

      Snowdon, D. Aging with Grace: What the Nun Study Teaches Us about Leading Longer, Healthier, and More Meaningful Lives. New York: Bantam, 2001.

      Stewart, J. Y. “James Cameron, 92; Lynching Survivor Founded Black Holocaust Museum.” Los Angeles Times, June 14, 2006. http://articles.latimes.com/2006/jun/14/local/me-cameron14/2.

      Swarthout, G. Bless the Beasts and Children. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2004.

      CHAPTER 8

      Enright, R., and R. Fitzgibbons. Helping Clients Forgive: An Empirical Guide for Resolving Anger and Restoring Hope. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2000.

      Kamenev, M. “Rating Countries for the Happiness Factor.” Bloomberg BusinessWeek, October 11, 2006. http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2006-10-11/rating-countries-for-the-happiness-factorbusinessweek-business-news-stock-market-and-financial-advice.

      Kessler, R. C., A. Sonnega, E. Bromet, M. Hughes, and C. B. Nelson. “Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey.” Archives of General Psychiatry 52 (1995): 1048–60.

      Messias, E., A. Saini, P. Sinato, and S. Welch. “Bearing Grudges and Physical Health: Relationship to Smoking, Cardiovascular Health and Ulcers.” Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 45 (2010): 183–87.

      Stein, D. J., W. T. Chiu, I. Hwang, R. C. Kessler, N. Sampson, J. Alonso, M. K. Nock. “Cross-National Analysis of the Associations between Traumatic Events and Suicidal Behavior: Findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys.” PLoS ONE 5 (2010). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010574.

      Strelan, P., and T. Covic. “A Review of Forgiveness Process Models and a Coping Framework to Guide Future Research.” Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 25 (2006): 1059–85.

      Thompson, L. Y., C. R. Snyder, L. Hoffman, S. T. Michael, H. N. Rasmussen, L. S. Billings, and D. E. Roberts. “Dispositional Forgiveness of Self, Others, and Situations.” Journal of Personality 73 (2005): 313–59.

      Tjaden, P., and N. Thoennes. “Full Report of the Prevalence, Incidence, and Consequences of Violence against Women: Findings from the National Violence against Women Survey, U.S. Department of Justice, 2000. http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/183781.pdf.

      Toussaint, L. L., D. R. Williams, M. A. Musick, and S. A. Everson-Rose. “Why Forgiveness May Protect against Depression: Hopelessness as an Explanatory Mechanism.” Personality and Mental Health 2 (2008): 89–103.

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      Wiesel, E. Night. New York: Bantam, 1982.

      Witvliet, C. V., T. E. Ludwig, and K. L. Vander Laan. “Granting Forgiveness or Harboring Grudges: Implications for Emotion, Physiology, and Health.” Psychological Science 12 (2001): 117–23.

      Worthington, E. L., Jr., C. V. O. Witvliet, P. Pietrini, and A. J. Miller. “Forgiveness, Health, and Well-Being: A Review of Evidence for Emotional Versus Decisional Forgiveness, Dispositional Forgivingness, and Reduced Unforgiveness.” Journal of Behavioral Medicine 30 (2007): 291–302.

      CHAPTER 9

      Helliker, K. “The Terminal Cancer Patient Who Won a Marathon.” The Wall Street Journal, March 22, 2013. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323419104578374870179274496.html.

      Iyengar, S. S., and E. Kamenica. “Choice Proliferation, Simplicity Seeking, and Asset Allocation.” Journal of Public Economics 94 (2010): 530–39.

      Iyengar, S. S., R. E. Wells, and B. Schwartz. “Doing Better but Feeling Worse: Looking for the ‘Best’ Job Undermines Satisfaction.” Psychological Science 17 (2006): 143–50.

      Lawler, P. “Big Idea: The Hell of Pure Possibility.” Bigthink.com, 2012. http://bigthink.com/rightly-understood/big-idea-the-hell-of-pure-possibility.

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      Salecl, R. The Tyranny of Choice. London: Profile Books, 2011.

      Schwartz, B. The Paradox of Choice: Why More Is Less. New York: Ecco, 2003.

      ———. “Self-Determination: The Tyranny of Freedom.” American Psychologist 55 (2000): 79–88.

      Thorndike, E. L. “A Constant Error in Psychological Ratings.” Journal of Applied Psychology 4 (1920): 25–29.

    &
    nbsp; Tversky, A., and E. Shafir. “Choice under Conflict: The Dynamics of Deferred Decision.” Psychological Science 3 (1992): 358–61.

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      EPILOGUE

      Kessler, R. C., A. Sonnega, E. Bromet, M. Hughes, and C. B. Nelson. “Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey.” Archives of General Psychiatry 52 (1995): 1048–60.

      Mitchell, G., and S. M. Darraj. Máiread Corrigan and Betty Williams: Partners for Peace in Northern Ireland. New York: Chelsea House, 2006.

      Vrana, S., and D. Lauterbach. “Prevalence of Traumatic Events and Post-Traumatic Psychological Symptoms in a Nonclinical Sample of College Students.” Journal of Traumatic Stress 7 (1994): 289–302.

      Index

      The pagination of this electronic edition does not match the edition from which it was created. To locate a specific entry, please use your e-book reader’s search tools.

      acceptance, stages of grief leading to, 14–16

      accommodation, 64, 66–67, 71

      accumulation of wealth, values measured by, 105–7

      Acharya, Aaron (survivor)

      about story of, 149–53

      facing chance for revenge, 158–59

      lessons learned from, 204

      reaching point of forgiveness, 167–69

      as resource for Bhutanese refugees, 169–71

      Acharya, Devi, 149–52, 158–59

      acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), 44, 136–38, 143

      affirmations and self-help, 13–14

      aging and Alzheimer’s disease, 124–26

      Aging with Grace (Snowdon), 125

      AIDS. See acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

      Akerstream, Marc, 35

      Allen, George, 147

      Allen, Kris, 176

      American Cancer Society, 2

      American Counseling Association, 133

      American Idol (TV show), 7, 175–77, 180–81, 192

      American Journal of Epidemiology, 79

      American Psychiatric Association, 133

      American Psychological Association, 133

      American Psychologist, 182

      American School Counselor Association, 133

      Amor, David, 40

      Anderson Cooper 360 (TV program), 71

      Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 20, 23

      antigay movement. See Exodus International

      Armstrong, Lance, 19, 179, 196

      Asha. See Mevlana, Asha

      assumptive worldview, 56–58, 60, 64, 68

      automobile accidents, surviving trauma of, 2–4

      Baez, Joan, 69

      Bakunas, A. J., 35

      Balkenende, Jan Pieter, 19

      Barkley, Gnarls, 6

      Bayh, B. Evan, III, 146–47

      Beaumont Enterprise (newspaper), 195

      Becker, Ernest, 105

      “Before I die” reflections, 108–11, 113, 114, 117

      Beijing Summer Olympics (2008), 19

      Belfast, Ireland, 199–204

      Ben-Ezra, Manachem, 135

      Berendes, David, 45

      Better (Weijden), 29

      Bhutan ethnic conflict. See Acharya, Aaron

      Black Culture and Black Consciousness (Levine), 129

      Black Eyed Peas (music group), 7

      Black Holocaust Museum, 139–41, 146–47

      Blade Across America tour, 45–49

      Blair, Tony, 69

      Bless the Beasts and Children (Swarthout), 133

      Blige, Mary J., 7, 178

      blindness. See Lock, Alan

      Bond, Julian, 141

      Boreham, Matthew, 11, 29

      Bradley, Bernard, 127

      brain injury, surviving trauma of, 2–4. See also McGonigal, Jane; Wigal, Amanda

      Bright-Sided (Ehrenreich), 22

      Bring Them Home Now Tour (2005), 72

      Brown, Laura, 142–43

      Bush, George W., 54, 61, 68–70, 105–6

      BusinessWeek (magazine), 149

      Bussee, Michael (survivor)

      about story of, 130–34

      acceptance of his sexuality, 134–38

      arriving at defining moment, 138–39

      lessons learned from, 204

      sexual reorientation therapy, 131–33, 143–45

      transformation from guilt, 142–44

      Butler, Steven, 125

      Byock, Ira, 98

      Cameron, Dr. James (survivor)

      about story of, 119–23

      divine intervention in saving, 123–26

      forgiveness and reconciliation, 142, 146–47

      leadership in civil rights movement, 126–30

      lessons learned from, 204

      opening Black Holocaust Museum, 139–41

      Cameron, Virgil, 128, 129, 147

      Cameron, Virginia, 139–40

      Camp Casey, 69–70

      Camus, Albert, quoted, 175

      cancer

      about surviving trauma of, 2–4

      arriving at defining moment, 1–2

      perception of risk, 36

      positive thinking and hope, 17, 20–22, 45

      religion and, 126, 135

      screening and preemptive surgery, 177, 197–98

      social support/support groups, 23, 79

      See also Leon, Iram; Mevlana, Asha

      Carpenter, John, 102, 103

      Chambers, Alan, 145

      Chang, Candy, 108–11, 113, 114, 117, 204

      Chapman, Mike, 7

      Charlebois, David, 103, 107–8, 111–12

      Chasing Ghosts (Rieckhoff), 54

      choices, life as a series of, 27, 111, 116, 177–78, 180–85, 189–98

      civil rights movement, 121–23, 127–30, 146–47, 202

      common sense, 17, 95

      communal support of disaster relief, 82–86

      Community of Peace People, 200–204

      comparative optimism, 37, 39–40

      completion tendency, 64

      confidence/overconfidence, 39–41, 47–48, 50–51, 61–62, 178. See also grounded hope

      Cooper, Gary, 133–34, 138, 143–44

      Corrigan, Máiread (peace activist), 200–3

      Coyne, James, 20–21, 23

      Cozzolino, Philip, 113–14, 115

      cultural beliefs and worldview, 99–101, 105–6, 112–15, 136, 182

      Cultural Competence in Trauma Therapy (Brown), 142

      cultural identity, sensitivity to, 142, 157, 171

      Cummings, E. E., quoted, 1

      Current Directions in Psychological Science, 83, 90–91

      Danner, Deborah, 125

      Dawkins, Richard, 124

      death. See mortality

      decision paralysis, 184–85

      Deeter, Claude, 120–21, 141

      Deeter, William, 141–42

      defining moment, 1–2

      delusions about risk and reality, 8, 28, 36–37, 39–41, 50–51, 73

      depression

      caused by trauma, 3, 37, 88

      decision paralysis and, 181–85

      recognizing symptoms, 90

      relationship to forgiveness, 160–61

      relationship to hope, 45

      religion and coping with, 126, 132, 135, 138–39

      See also mental health

      Descartes, René, 124

      deterioration effect, 84–86, 90

      disability, dealing with, 45–49, 92

      disaster relief and assistance, 82–86

      Discovery Channel, 58–60

      disorientation, 8, 88, 188–89

      driving safety and risk, 33–34

      drunken driving, 37–38

      dual-existential systems, 113–14

      Durbin, Dick, 147

      economic difficulties, surviving trauma of, 2–4, 93–96

      Eggum, Natalie, 44

      Ehrenreich, Barbara, 22

      Eisenberg, Nancy, 44

      Eliot, T.
    S., quoted, 11

      emotional support. See social support

      End-of-Life Handbook, The (Byock), 98

      Enright, Robert, 165–66

      entrepreneurship, commonality with survivorship, 41–42

      Escape from Evil (Becker), 105

      estrangement and isolation, 86

      Exodus International, 132–34, 138, 143–45

      faith

      arriving at sense of, 127

      beneficial effects on health, 124–26

      challenged by trauma, 55–58, 67, 135–36

      maintained by changed worldview, 71

      role in resilience, 137

      See also religion and belief in God; spirituality

      Feldman, David, 43

      Fetcher, Con, 125

      Fitchett, George, 135

      Fitzgibbons, Richard, 165–66

      Fleeson, William, 25

      forgetting vs. forgiving, 168

      forgiveness and reconciliation

      harboring grudges and revenge, 154–55

      as journey, 172

      moving beyond unforgiveness, 157–58

      process models, 165–67, 169

      racial violence, 142, 146–47

      theory and test for, 161–62

      therapeutic approaches, 165–66

      See also Acharya, Aaron; Wamariya, Clemantine

      Forster, E. M., quoted, 97

      Freud, Sigmund, 124

      Friesen, Wallace, 125

      Fritsche, Immo, 100–101

      Future of an Illusion, The (Freud), 124

      game-playing, problem-solving, 87–90

      genocide, 164

      giving up, benefits of, 24–26, 161–62

      Glass, Kerrie, 44–45

      goal disengagement, 25–26

      Goldsmith, Marshall, 4, 41–42, 172

      Good Samaritan relief efforts, 84–86

      Gore, Al, 141

      GQ (magazine), 71

      Great Recession of 2009, 93–96

      Greenberg, Jeff, 99, 100–101, 105, 112

      grounded hope

      applying formula for, 43–45, 48, 171–72

      as growing into knowledge, 171–72

      realistic vs. positive thinking, 27–30, 161–62

      story of Amanda Wigal, 77–78

      story of Asha Mevlana, 175–78

      story of James Cameron, 130

      See also confidence/overconfidence; hope/hopelessness

      Guinness World Records, 29

      Gulf War II, 53–55, 67–70

      Haiti earthquake (2010), 82–86, 136

     


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