Sixty Stanzas of Reasoning, commentary (Candrakīrti), 133
sleep, 93, 109–10, 175–76, 286, 345–46n34
sleepiness, 99
Smṛtyupasthāna Sūtra. See Establishment of Mindfulness Sutta
socialization, 136
solitary realizers, 43, 294, 305–6, 349n68, 351n84
Song of the Experience of the View (Rolpai Dorje), 335–36
soul, 24, 78, 85, 181, 184, 206, 332, 333, 337
space particles, 146–47, 148, 149
speech
of buddhas, 139, 312
harsh words, 92, 197, 198, 345–46n34
sphere of reality, 323
spiritual masters/mentors, 71, 95, 167, 219, 295
spite, 70, 92, 109, 345–46n34
Śrāvaka Grounds (Śrāvakabhūmi, Asaṅga), 19, 54
śrāvakas
entering Mahāyāna, 349n68
karma of, 249
mental bodies of, 351n84
obstructions to buddha nature of, 305–6
realization of, 17
rebirth of, 43–44, 199
vehicle of, 294
stages of the path (lamrim), xiv
stealing, 65, 66
stinginess, 46, 95
storehouse consciousness. See foundation consciousness
stream-enterers, 16, 17, 349n74
entering path of, 246–47
fetters and, 87, 125, 184–85
karma of, 249
realization of, 233
twelve links of, 255
underlying tendencies of, 90, 129
strong determination, 16, 31, 52, 96, 122, 210, 217, 225, 227–28, 294
study, guidelines for, 1–3
Sublime Continuum (Ratnagotravibhāga, Maitreya)
on buddha activity, 331
on buddha nature of sentient beings, three reasons for, 310–13
on clear and luminous mind, 324
on defiled buddha nature, 296
on difficulty of understanding buddha nature, 315, 317–18
Dzogchen/Mahāmudrā perspective on, 335
on nine similes for buddha nature, 302–10
nothing to be added or removed verse in, 325, 326–27
on purpose of teaching buddha nature, 341
on true duḥkha, 17
subsequent attainment, 260
substantial causes, 8, 147, 149
subtlest mind-wind, 9, 146, 147, 148, 150, 288, 301–2, 348n55
suchness, 236, 312, 314, 322, 326, 338
suicide, 58, 179
Sukhāvatī, 44, 258, 265
Sumaṅgala-vilāsinī (Buddhaghoṣa), 143–44
superknowledges, 137
supernormal powers, 256
Supplement (Candrakīrti), 127, 131, 139–40, 146
supramundane path, 90, 246, 268, 270, 271, 272
supreme dharma stage of path of preparation, 250
Supreme Net Sutta (Brahmajāla Sutta), 83–84
Sūtra of the Enumeration of Phenomena That Is Called “Discerning the Divisions of Existence, and So Forth,” 211
Sūtra of the Tathāgata’s Inconceivable Secret (Tathāgatācintya-guhya-nirdeśa Sūtra), 228
Sūtra on the Code of Ethical Conduct (Guṇaprabha), 292
Sūtra on the Ten Grounds (Daśabhūmika Sūtra), 190
Sūtra Unraveling the Thought (Saṃdhinirmocana Sūtra), 294
sūtras, definitive and provisional, 311, 312, 314
Sūtrayāna
on afflictions, 334
on buddha nature, 296, 322, 324–25, 328, 329
on cause for all saṃsāra, 275
on clear light, 287
on clear light mind, 327, 328, 329, 332
on mind, levels of, 286
on mind and form, 146
on nature of mind, 283
on wisdom, 331
Svātantrika school, 138, 162, 169, 264, 265
Sword of Wisdom for Thoroughly Ascertaining Reality (Mipham), 212
syllogism, 25
T
Tantrayāna, 251
causal clear light mind in, 332
cause for all saṃsāra in, 275
cessation, view of in, 9
fundamental innate clear light mind in, 328
illusory body in, 257–58
on mind, levels of, 286
mind and form in, 146
nature of mind in, 283–84
subtlest mind-wind in, importance of, 288, 349–50n77
taking attachment on the path in, 68
See also highest yoga tantra
tathāgatagarbha. See buddha nature/disposition/essence
Tathāgatagarbha Sūtra, 296, 302, 325, 337
Teachings of Akṣayamati Sūtra (Akṣayamatinirdeśa Sūtra), 131
Tears Sutta, 49–50
ten full entanglements, 345n34
Tenzin Gyatso, Bhikṣu, His Holiness the Fourteenth Dalai Lama, xv–xvi, xvii–xviii
theism, 135–36, 142, 339
Thirty-Seven Practices of Bodhisattvas, The (Togme Zangpo), 58–59, 218
Thirty-Three Devas, 45, 344nn18–19
thirty-two signs and eight marks, 139
thoughts
discursive, 242
habitual, 107
identifying afflictive, 112–13
verbal stimuli, impact of on, 107
three doors, formative actions of, 165
three higher trainings, 1, 12, 129–30, 226, 240–41, 251, 253–54, 343n9
Three Jewels, 58, 60, 67, 97, 164. See also refuge
three poisons, 11, 64, 74
iconography of, 155–56
latencies of, 259, 304
nirvāṇa as eradication of, 267–68, 272, 274
three types of feelings and, 50–51
See also anger; attachment; ignorance
Three Principal Aspect of the Path (Tsongkhapa), 227
three times, 29, 210, 238, 297, 333
three turnings of Dharma wheel, xvii, 304, 325
buddha nature in, 319–22, 341
first turning, 10–11
relationship between, 322
sequence of, 324
three vehicles
āryas of, 161, 210, 236
as final, 294–95, 349n72
five paths of, 250, 254
nirvāṇa in, 343n4
true paths of, 34
Tibetan people, origin legend of, 154
Togme Zangpo, 58–59, 218
Tongme Sangpo, 116
transforming buddha nature, xiv, 293, 294, 298–99
development of, 302, 306, 311
as form bodies, 313, 314
and naturally abiding buddha nature, relationship between, xiv, 296, 299, 301, 312–13, 328, 329
purification of, 334
and seed serving as basis for actualization of buddha bodies, 327–28
sense consciousness and, 350n80
in third turning, 322
as wisdom truth body, 298, 304, 309
transitory collection, view of. See view of personal identity
Treasury of Dharmadhātu (Longchenpa), 330–31
Treasury of Knowledge (Abhidharmakośa, Vasubandhu), 18, 19, 31
on abandonment of afflictive views, 125
on afflictions, 65, 66, 67, 104–5
on arrogance, types of, 71
on bardo, twelve links in, 200
cosmology in, 154
on defilements, additional categories of, 345n34
on fetters, 97
First Dalai Lama’s commentary on, 145
on floods (ogha) and yokes (yoga), 346n37
on form realm, 44
on ignorance, 75, 160
on ignorance, mixed and unmixed, 110–11
on manifold world, arising of, 145–46
on motivation, two forms, 163
on pollutants, 99
on Realm of Thirty-Three Devas, 344n18
on six realms, 46, 47
on twelve links, 157, 173
on
underlying tendencies, 89
on wrong views, 86
Treatise on the Middle Way (Mūlamadhyamakakārikā, Nāgārjuna), 157, 213, 236–37, 269–70, 285, 297
true cessation (nirodha-satya), xvii, 17
on ārya path, 292
of buddhas’ mind, 302
and cessation, distinctions in meaning, 262
final, 275
four attributes of, 31–34, 37, 253
four types in Pāli tradition, 15–16, 343n3
nature of, 12
nature truth body as, 9
Prāsaṅgika view of, 265
in Sanskrit tradition, 273–74
in second turning, 319
in third turning, 320
twelve links and, 235, 236–37
true existence
emptiness of, 158, 213–14, 236, 285, 313, 347n48
grasping, 74, 162, 250, 327, 334
in nirvāṇa with and without remainder, 343n4
superimposition of, 341–42
true origins (samudaya-satya), xvi–xvii, 63, 123, 250, 334
and afflictive obscurations, difference between, 346n40
four attributes of, 28–30
karmic seeds as, 130
nature of, 11, 12, 14
in twelve links, 194, 203, 235
See also afflictions; karma
true path (mārgasatya), xvii, 17, 233–34
in common tradition, 253
emptiness of, reflection on, 37
four attributes of, 34–37
in highest yoga tantra, 321
nature of, 12
realization of, 300
in third turning, 320
twelve links and, 235
wisdom realizing emptiness as, 236, 237
true sufferings. See duḥkha (unsatisfactory circumstances)
truth body (dharmakāya), xvi, 234, 275, 309, 311, 314, 339. See also nature truth body; wisdom truth body
Tsongkhapa, 103, 214, 227, 285, 335, 337. See also Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path; Illumination of the Thought
Tsultrim Zangpo, 335
Tuṣita, two places named, 45
twelve links of dependent origination, xvii, 6–7, 232, 347n48
as afflictions, karma, duḥkha, 193–94
break in between feeling and craving, 177–78, 181, 204, 226
cessation of, 237, 262
creating new set, 167, 347n53
examples of, 197–98, 202–3
explicit presentation of, 194–96, 201
forward and reverse order of, 157, 158, 234–37
four groups in Pāli tradition, 200–202
ignorance in, 73, 74, 111
implicit presentations of, two, 196–97
interconnection of, 186, 204–5
as lacking inherent existence, 206–8
meditation of, benefits of, 217–19
natural phenomenal causality of, 144
overlapping sets of, 198, 200, 201
in pure lands, absence of, 258
purpose of understanding, 210
sequence of, 191
solitary realizers and, 294
specificity of terminology of, 158–59
on śrāvaka ārya path, 255
textual sources on, 156–57
three levels of contemplating, 225–26
ultimate nature of, 211–15
in “Ye Dharmā” Dhāraṇī, 233
two collections, 139, 296, 306
two obscurations, 259–62, 278–79, 283, 302, 342
two truths
defilement of apprehending as different, 259, 260, 278
definitive and provisional sūtras and, 311
four ārya truths and, 18
obscuration of, 130
simultaneous realization of, 279, 309, 329
See also conventional level of truth; ultimate truth/nature
U
Udāna, 268, 269
Udāna commentary, 261
Udāyana, King, 155
ultimate analysis, 18, 134, 169, 207–8
ultimate truth/nature
as buddha essence, 304, 309
of buddhas and sentient beings, 307
ignorance of, 73
nirvāṇa as, 263
pristine wisdom realizing, 322
saṃsāra and nirvāṇa in, 284–86
as self-revealed, 327
true duḥkha and, 18
unconscious mind, Western psychological view of, 136–37
underlying tendencies
continuity of, 129–30
three most dangerous, 90–91
variant views on, 88–90, 345n31
union of serenity and insight, 27, 204, 254
universe. See world systems
unmadas (crazy makers), 46
V
Vaibhāṣika school
on afflictions, 66, 106
on ārya disposition, 292
on buddhahood, 292
on cessation, 9, 346n38
on continuity of mental consciousness, 169
on first-link ignorance, 162
on having-ceased, 347n44
on nirvāṇa, 264–65
on non-afflictive ignorance, 261–62
on purifying karmic seeds, 132
on underlying tendencies, 90
on virtues, 138
Vaiśesika tradition, 30
vajra-like concentration, 309
Vajrayāna. See Tantrayāna
Vasubandhu, 159–60. See also Treasury of Knowledge (Abhidharmakośa)
Vātsīputrīya school, 90
veiled truths, 260, 311, 314
verbal stimuli, 107, 108
Versed Commentary on the Rice Seedling Sūtra (Śālistamba Sūtra Kārikā, Nāgārjuna), 205, 212
Vibhaṅga, 88, 189
victim mentality, 29
view holding erroneous views as supreme, 82, 98, 104–5, 125, 183
view of extremes, 81, 86, 141, 217–18
abandonment of, 125
aggregates in, 346n38
clinging to, 183
as ethically neutral, 110, 111
order of arising, 104, 105
view of personal identity, 82, 345n31
abandonment of, 125
analysis of, 244
as antidote to itself, 116–17
arrogance and, 71
clinging to, 183–84
control and, 103
discouragement and, 221
as ethically neutral, 86, 110, 111, 163
as fetter, 97, 99
ignorance and, 104
twenty false views stemming from, 79–81
two facets of, 78–79
underlying tendencies to, 129
variant views on, 77–78, 159, 160–61, 162
view of rules and practices, 82–83, 98, 345n27
abandonment of, 125
clinging to, 184
order of arising, 104, 105
as underlying tendency, 345n31
views
clinging to, 183, 184–85
distorted, 58
false, 162
floods (ogha) and yokes (yoga) of, 346n37
grasping and, 69
pollutant of, 99
underlying tendency of, 89
See also afflictive views; wrong views
violence, 46, 70
virtue
concordant with liberation, 164
destruction of, three levels, 131
five types, 138–39
and nonvirtue, discerning differences between, 137–39
rejoicing at, 73
See also roots of virtue
virtuous actions
clinging as motivation for, 184
formative karma of, 163
karmic potency from, 182–83
mundane, renewed existence due to, 187
polluted, seeds and latencies in, 130
ten, 187, 204
virtuous mental states, 65, 90, 109, 113
, 128, 138–39, 298, 299, 345–46n34
visualization practice, 298
volitional actions. See formative actions (saṃskāra karman)
vows. See ethical restraints
W
Wayman, Alex, 343–44n9
Wheel of Life, iconography of, 155–56
white appearance, 128, 182, 328, 332
winds, subtle, 287, 288–89, 328, 349–50n77. See also subtlest mind-wind
wisdom, 262
afflictions and, 108
analytical, 342
aptitude for, levels of, 204
as cause for future arising of wisdom, 284, 349n76
concentration as precursor to, 243
determination to cultivate, 103
developing, 19, 180
in enhancing excellent qualities, 282
five types, 147
gradual process of, 232
objectless/nonobjectifying, 319–20
penetrative, 16
perfection of, 1, 342
pristine, 292, 293, 313, 314, 321, 322, 330
as root of virtue, 88
seeds of, 128
subtle levels of mind and, 288
in transforming buddha nature, 298, 306
turning inward to, 245
See also collection of wisdom
wisdom, higher training of, 1, 130, 226, 241, 253
wisdom realizing emptiness, 136, 326, 330
as all-encompassing counterforce, 114
clear light mind and, 280
cultivation by advanced-level practitioners, 226
ignorance eradicated with, 26, 191, 237, 297–98, 334
as natural nirvāṇa, 264
nirvāṇa and, 262
purification by, 132
reflecting on, 52
as true path, 34–36, 253
wisdom realizing selflessness, 9, 12, 17, 35–36
wisdom truth body, 9, 275, 288, 329, 339
attaining, 312
collection of wisdom and, 298
subtlest mind-wind and, 302
transforming buddha nature as, 298, 304, 306, 309
wise and unwise, distinction between, 236
wishlessness, 270
world systems, 144
general Buddhist view of, 145
tantric view of, 146–47
two points of sentient influence on arising of, 149, 150–51
worldly paths, 35, 36
wrath, 92, 94, 345–46n34
wrong views, 20–21
abandonment of, 125
acquired, 124
as afflictions, 278, 279
clinging to, 124, 183, 184
cutting root of virtue, 140
effects of, 85–86
feelings accompanying, 109
habits and, 107
and ignorance, distinctions between, 86
logic and, 85, 86
manifest and seeds of, 128, 130
as obstruction to buddha nature, 305
order of arising, 104, 105
rebirth due to, 46
reflecting on dependent origination and, 218
types of, 83–84, 345n29
Y
yakṣas, 46
Yaśomitra, 90
“Ye Dharmā” Dhāraṇī, 232–34