Gianfigliazzi, 314, 325
Guadagni, 315
Guicciardini, 315
Martelli, 57
Medici, building of, 75–6; courtyard of, 90; Donatello, 91–2; Filippo Lippi, 93; Della Robbia, 108; Ucello, 108; Pollaiuolo, 108; Botticelli, 109; Gozzoli, 110; Lorenzo the Magnificent’s wedding celebrations, 117–18; Princess Eleonora of Naples entertained at, 121; and the Pazzi Conspiracy, 135, 136; Michelangelo at, 166; plundered, 187; Charles VIII at, 190; Giovanni di Lorenzo born in, 202; celebrations for the election of Leo X, 218; council meetings in, 220; Duke of Nemours dying in, 223; picture of Clement VII on façade of, 249; murder in, 269; Cosimo I taken ill at, 273; Medici shield on, 313; Medici Library kept at, 316; historical note on, 317–18
Medici-Riccardi, 318
Pazzi, 141, 162
Pazzi-Quaratesi, 321
Pitti, 104, 274; grandiose, 76; the Ducal Palace, 271; Cosimo I dies in, 273; Ferdinando I and, 280; Cosimo II extends, 282; wine sold at, 284; Del Cimento meets at, 284; Ferdinando II extends, 285; Sala della Stufa, 285; the collection of ivories, 286; Marguerite-Louise at, 291; Grand Duke Gian Gastone dies at, 309; Electress Palatine at, 309; historical note on, 328; murals in, 332
Pucci, 315
Rucellai, 29, 76, 313
Salviati, 261, 321
Spini-Ferroni, 314
Strozzi, 168, 323
Tornabuoni, 102
Vecchio (formerly Palazzo della Signoria, q.v.), 274; the Palleschi at, 257; the Ducal Palace, 269; decoration of the courtyard, 275; laboratory of Duke Francesco in, 278; Ferdinand I’s banquet in, 281; historical note on, 312; the fountain and murals at, 330
Palleschi, 217, 256, 257
Palmieri, Matteo, 28
Panciaticchi, Andrea, 145
Papacy, the, the ‘great schism’, 34; and the Medici bank, 35, 36, 37, 88, 89; and the Eastern Church, 67; Sforza a condottiere for, 81; and the French invasion of Italy, 186; Leo X enjoys, 218; a pro-Medici Sacred College, 235
Papal States, near-anarchy in, 27; Bologna and, 65; alum deposits in, 89; and the French army, 184; Urbino becomes part of, 285
Parentucelli, Tommaso, Bishop of Bologna, later Pope Nicholas V., q.v., 87, 88
Parigi, Alfonso, 271, 278, 317, 328
Parigi, Giulio, 271, 317, 328
Parma, 219, 222, 237, 238, 247
Parma, Duke of, see Farnese, Ottavio
Parmigianino, prop. Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola (1503–40), 300
Pasquini, Bernardo (1637–1710), 300
Passerini, Cardinal Silvio, 248
Patch, Thomas, 325
Patriarch of Constantinople, 65, 66, 110
Pavia, Lazaro di, 173
Pazzi bank, 129, 131
Pazzi Conspiracy, the, 131–42, 158
Pazzi family, their history, 131; after the Conspiracy, 141, 155; publicly disgraced, 142
Pazzi, Andrea de’, 131
Pazzi, Bianca, née Medici, Bianca di Piero de’, 102
Pazzi, Francesco de’, and Pazzi Conspiracy, 131, 132, 135, 137; executed, 140
Pazzi, Guglielmo, 102, 131, 138, 141
Pazzi, Jacopo di Messer Andrea de’, 131–2, 134, 141
Pazzi, Pazzo de’, 131
Pazzi, Piero di Messer Andrea de’, 131
Pazzi, Renato di Messer Andrea de’, 141, 158
Penni, Gian-Francesco, 240
Pepys, Samuel (1633–1703), on Cosimo III, 292
Peri, Jacopo (1561–1633), 281, 300
Peruzzi family, 58, 66, 315
Peruzzi, Ridolfo, 55, 57
Petraia, castle of, 280
Petrarch, Francesco Petrarca (1304–74), 227
Petrucci, Alfonso, Cardinal, 217, 232, 233, 234
Petrucci, Borghese, 232
Petrucci, Cesare, 138–9
Philibert, Prince of Orange, see Orange, Prince of
Philiberte of Savoy, Princess, Duchess of Nemours, 219, 223
Piacenza, 219, 222, 237, 238, 247
Piccolomini, Aeneas Silvius, later Pope Pius II, q.v., on Cosimo di Giovanni, 63; on Parentucelli, later Nicholas V, 88
Pico della Mirandola, Count Giovanni (1463–94), 164–5, 174, 181, 185
Pierino da Vinci, 323
Piero della Francesca (c. 1420–92), 332
Pierozzi, Antonio, Archbishop of Florence, 74, 95
Pietro da Cortona, 285
Pietro Leopoldo, Grand Duke of Tuscany, 333
Pisa, conquest of, 33, 34; Archbishop of, 130; Lorenzo di Piero and, 169–70; and France, 186, 187; Savonarola greets Charles VIII in, 188; Florence and, 197, 208; School of Botany at, 274; college for scholars at, 279
Pisano, Andrea (c. 1270–1349), 70, 180, 316
Pitti family, 123
Pitti, Luca, his personality, 60; Gonfaloniere, 62; Accoppiatore, 63; and the Medici, 103–4, 105, 106, 123, 328; pardoned, 106; his palace, 271, 328
Plague, in Ferrara, 66; and new doors for the Baptistery, 70; in the Imperial army, 247; in the French forces, 249; in Florence, 250, 283; in Tuscany, 293
Plato, 68, 164
Platonic Academy, 69, 332
Plethon, Giorgios Gemistos (c. 1355–1450), 68
Poliziano, Angelo, prop. Angelo Ambrogini, (1454–94), his history, 122; on Lorenzo the Magnificent, 122; and Lorenzo the Magnificent, 135, 137, 157, 164, 173–4; and the Pazzi Conspiracy, 137, 138; and the execution of Salviati, 140; tutor to children of Lorenzo the Magnificent, 145, 323; Clarice de’ Medici and, 145, 146; and Savonarola, 181; his papers, 332
Pollaiuolo, Antonio, prop. Antonio di Jacobo Benci, (1429–98), 110, 165, 167, 320
Pollaiuolo, Piero, prop. Piero di Jacobo Benci, (1443–96), 108–9, 168
Pollaiuolo, Simone del, called il Cronaca (1457–1508), 323
Pontormo, Jacopo Carrucci da (1494–1557), 274, 314, 322
Popes,
Adrian VI (r. 1522–3), 238–9, 240
Alexander V (r. 1409–10), 34, 35
Alexander VI (r. 1492–1503), 193, 194, 196–7, 205
Benedict XIII, Antipope at Avignon, 1394–1417, 34
Calixtus III (r. 1455–8), 86
Clement VII, né Giulio di Giuliano de’ Medici, q.v. (r. 1523–34), election of, 239; a generous and discriminating patron, 240; his indecision, 240, 244; his foreign policy, 240–1, 242; urges defence of Rome, 243; and Cellini, 246–7; surrenders, 247; escapes, 247; and Henry VIII’s divorce, 247–8; his effigy torn to pieces, 248; and the surrender of Florence, 251; and Alessandro de’ Medici, 251, 254; and Caterina de’ Medici, 252; illness and death of, 252–3; the marriage of his daughter, 255; and the boy Cosimo I, 262; and the Medici Library, 316; Michelangelo and, 318, 327; Raphael and, 326; his tomb, 327
Eugenius IV (r. 1431–47), succeeds Martin V, 51; and San Giorgio Maggiore, 54; and the Medici, 56; Rinaldo degli Albizzi and, 57; Cosimo Pater Patriae and, 58, 74; and Council of Florence, 64, 66, 67; and Council of Bâle, 64–5; his golden tiara, 70; and completion of the Cathedral dome, 73
Gregory XII (r. 1406–15), 34, 35, 36
Gregory XIII (r. 1572–85), 277
Innocent VIII (r. 1484–92), succeeds Sixtus IV, 160; ‘a rabbit’, 161; and Lorenzo the Magnificent, 161, 182, 202–3; Savonarola and, 182; and Giovanni di Lorenzo, 203
John XXIII né Baldassare Cossa, q.v. Antipope to Popes Benedict XIII and Gregory XII, (1410–15,) background and personality, 34; and King of Naples, 35; accusations against, 35–6; last years, 36; his will, 36; Cosimo Pater Patriae and, 39; and Bracciolini, 45; his monument, 71, 75, 98, 316; Giovanni di Bicci and, 87
Julius II (r. 1503–13), 217, 228; appearance and temperament, 207; his military exploits, 207–8; and Giovanni di Lorenzo, 208; dying, 216; and the Duke of Urbino, 223; and Michelangelo, 229; and Raphael, 229, 332; and the Laocoön, 325
Leo III, 326
Leo IV, 326
Leo X, Pope, né Giovanni di Lorenzo de’ Medici, q.v. (r. 1513–21), election of, 217; his appearanc
e, 218; his enjoyment of the papacy, 218, 224; and the House of Medici, 219; his reception in Florence, 220–2, 314, 324; and the Duke of Urbino, 222, 223–4; and Francis I, 222–3; and his brother Giuliano, 223; his extravagance, 224, 227; Vettori on, 224; his dinners, 225–6; his amusements, 226–7, 230–2; his expenditure on Rome, 227–8; a generous patron of writers and scholars, 228; and Michelangelo, 229, 240, 327; makes enemies, 232–3; attempted assassination of, 233–4; creates a pro-Medici Sacred College, 235; and Charles V, 237; and Luther, 237; godfather to Cosimo I, 261; his coat of arms, 315; and the Medici Library, 316; Raphael and, 325, 326
Martin V (r. 1417–31), 36, 37, 56, 70, 314
Nicholas V, né Tommaso Parentucelli, q.v. (r. 1447–55), 87
Paul II (r. 1464–71), 103, 125, 129
Paul III (r. 1534–49), 264
Pius IV, né Enea Silvio Piccolomini, q.v. (r. 1458–64), on Florentines, 38; on Cosimo Pater Patriae, 38, 63; on Francesco Sforza, 81; and the Medici bank, 88; and Cosimo Pater Patriae, 88
Pius III (r. and d. 1503), 207
Pius IV (r. 1559–65), 331
Pius V (r. 1566–72), 266, 267
Sixtus IV, Pope, né Francesco della Rovere (r. 1471–84), 125; his appearance, 128; nepotism, 128–9; and Lorenzo the Magnificent, 129, 130, 159; and the Pazzi Conspiracy, 132, 133, 155; and Florence, 148, 159; Tuscan bishops excommunicate, 150; and Naples, 154, 159; and the Florentine deputation, 160; death of, 160
Sixtus V, Pope (r. 1585–90), 277
Portinari family, 43
Portinari, Folco, 316
Prato, 32, 124, 125, 213–14
Printing, 44, 46, 169
Processions, Martin V leaves Florence, 36; to celebrate completion of the Baptistery bronze doors, 71; to celebrate completion of the Cathedral dome, 73; escort of Princess Eleonora of Naples, 121; Charles VIII enters Florence, 189–90; Leo X enters Florence, 221; Francis I and, 222; Christine of Lorraine enters Florence, 280
Propaganda Fide, 279
Ptolemy, prop. Claudius Ptolemaeus, 280
Pucci, Giovanni, 52
Pucci, Lorenzo, 232
Pucci, Puccio, 52, 61, 62
Pulci, Luigi (1432–84), 116, 164, 323
Quercia, Jacopo della (ç. 1367–1438), 70
Quintilian, prop. Marcus Fabius Quintilianus, 45
Rangone, Bianca, 209, 235
Rangone, Ercole, Cardinal, 235
Raphael, prop. Raffaello Sanzio (1483–1520), Leo X and, 229, 325; Clement VII and, 240, 326; Madonna del Baldacchino, 300–1; his portrait of Julius II, 332
Relics, holy, finger of St John the Baptist, 36; belonging to the Cathedral, 120; Volto Santo, 305; Cosimo III’s sacred collection, 305
Renaissance, Council of Florence and, 68; versatility of artists of, 70; Brunelleschi’s church of San Lorenzo, 72
René I, Duke of Anjou (1409–80), 85
Renzo da Ceri, 243
Riario, Girolamo, and Sixtus IV, 128; at Imola, 129; and the Pazzi Conspiracy, 131, 132, 133; Lorenzo the Magnificent and, 134, 156; seeks vengenace on Florence, 148; buys Forlì, 159; his ambitions, 160
Riario, Piero, Archbishop of Florence, 128, 130
Riario, Raffaele, Cardinal, and the Pazzi Conspiracy, 134–5, 148; Lorenzo the Magnificent and, 135, 140–1; at Palazzo Medici, 136–7; and assassination of Giuliano di Piero, 138; his pallor, 141; his dinner party, 224; and Leo X, 232, 233, 234; his palace confiscated, 239
Riccardi family, 76, 318
Ricci, House of, 35
Ricci, Sebastiano, 300
Ridolfi family, 321
Ridolfi, Antonio, 137, 138
Ridolfi, Contessina, née Medici, Contessina di Lorenzo de’, 115, 221
Ridolfi, Lorenzo, 247
Ridolfi, Niccolò, Cardinal, 235, 248
Ridolfi, Piero, 220, 221
Rinuccini, Alamanno, 122, 157
Riots, Ciompi, 25–6, 31; in Volterra, 125–7; after the Pazzi Conspiracy, 140; after cancellation of ordeal by fire, 199
Robbia, Andrea della (1435–1525), 317
Robbia, Luca della (c. 1400–82), 108, 138, 320, 321
Robert, King of Naples, 39
Roman Catholic Church, and Council of Florence, 64; and Greek Orthodox Church, 65, 67
Rome, Medici offices in, 34, 35, 36, 87, 114, 158; Cosimo Pater Patriae in, 39–40; Eugenius IV driven from, 56; artists in, 70, 72, 90, 167; Lorenzo the Magnificent in, 103, 125; Lorenzo the Magnificent’s proxy wedding in, 116; anti-Medici conspirators in, 131; and the Pazzi Conspiracy failure, 148; printing presses in, 169; falls to Charles VIII, 193; Lorenzo the Magnificent on, 204; crime and corruption in, 205; Giovanni di Lorenzo in, 205, 206; conclave in, 216–17; celebrations for the election of Leo X, 218; under Leo X, 228; Charles V’s forces advance on, 241–3; sack of, 244–5
Belvedere, 226
Castel Sant’ Angelo, 241; executions at, 205, 234; Clement VII takes refuge in, 241, 244; fugitives in, 244–5; the attack on, 246–7; Queen Christina at, 330
Monte Testaccio, 227
Piazza del Popolo, 228
Santa Maria in Domnica, church of, 228
St Peter’s Basilica, Florentine deputation in, 160; under reconstruction, 216, 228; corpse of Clement VII desecrated in, 253; threatened destruction by fire, 326
St John in Lateran, church of, 88, 305, 327
Via Ripetta, 228
Romualdo, St, 321
Rondinelli, Fra Giuliano, 198
Rosa, Salvator (1615–73), 286
Rossellino, Bernardo, 313
Rossi, Leopetto, 102
Rossi, Luigi, 235
Rossi, Maria, née Medici, Maria di Piero de’, 102
Rossi, Roberto de’, 37
Rosso, Giovanni, 274
Rovere, Francesco della, see Pope Sixtus IV
Rovere, Francesco Maria della, see Urbino, Francesco Maria I and II, Dukes of
Rovere, Giovanni della, 129
Rovere, Giuliano della, Cardinal, later Pope Julius II, q.v., 161
Rovere, Leonardo della, 130
Rovere, Vittoria della, see Medici, Vittoria de’
Rubens, Peter Paul (1577–1640), 332
Rucellai family, 314
Rucellai, Bernardo (1449–1514), 102
Rucellai, Giovanni, 29, 227, 313
Rucellai, Lucrezia, née Lucrezia di Piero de’ Medici, 102
Rucellai, Palla, 257
Ruggieri, Giuseppe, 319, 328
Ruspanti, 308
St Stephen, Prato, church of, 93
Salutati, Antonio di Messer Francesco, 87
Salviati, Averardo, 141
Salviati, Francesco, Archbishop of Pisa, waits in Rome, 130; and the Pazzi Conspiracy, 131, 132, 133, 136, 137, 138–9; executed, 140
Salviati, Giacomo, 261
Salviati, Giovanni, Cardinal, 235
Salviati, Jacopo, 220, 247, 262
Salviati, Lucrezia, née Medici, Lucrezia di Lorenzo de’, 115
Salviati, Maria, see Medici, Maria de’
San Domenico Fiesole, convent of, 73, 94, 317
San Leo, fortess of, 236
Sanseverino, Federigo, Cardinal, 209, 231
Sansovino, Jacopo, prop. Jacopo Tatti (1486–1570), 220, 221, 325
Santa Croce, Antonio, 246
Santo Spirito, Jerusalem, church of, 74
Sarto, Andrea del, prop. Andrea Vannucchi (1486–1531), 172, 220, 221, 300, 322
Sassetti, Francesco, 158, 323
Sauli, Cardinal, 233, 234
Savonarola, Girolamo (1452–98), 178–82, 216; his effect on Florentine morale, 185; and Charles VIII, 188; his power in Florence, 191; differing attitudes to, 192–3; and the Holy League, 196; and Alexander VI, 196–7; and the proposed ordeal by fire, 198, 199; tortured, hanged and burned, 200; Machiavelli’s contempt for, 210; his cell at San Marco, 317
Scarlatti, Alessandro (1659–1725), 300
Schinner, Matthew, Cardinal, 220
Scoroncolo, assassin of Alessandro de’ Medici, 256
Sforza, Ascanio, Cardinal, 203, 205
Sforza, Bianca, née Visconti, 80, 81
Sforza, Caterina, 128
Sforza, Francesco, Duke of Milan (1401–66), and war between Florence and Lucca, 42; his birth, 80; personality and appearance, 81; Pius II on, 81; marriage, 81; and Cosimo Pater Patriae, 82; Duke of Milan, 82, 85; and Florence’s foreign policy, 83; and France, 84; and the Medici bank in Milan, 87, 158; death of, 105
Sforza, Francesco Maria, Duke of Milan (d. 1535), 240
Sforza, Galeazzo Maria, Duke of Milan (1444–76), his instability, 105; his cruelty and extravagance, 123–4; and Lorenzo the Magnificent, 124; his daughter’s marriage, 128; assassinated, 130
Sforza, Giacomo Attendolo (1369–1424), 80–1
Sforza, Gian Galeazzo, Duke of Milan (1469–94), 130, 151, 181, 183, 184
Sforza, Ippolita, see Calabria, Duchess of
Sforza, Isabella, Duchess of Milan, 183, 184
Sforza, Lodovico, Duke of Milan, called il Moro (1451–1508), appearance, 151; character, 151–2; in power, 152; Lorenzo the Magnificent and, 168, 173; and Charles VIII, 183, 184; proclaims himself Duke, 184; joins the Holy League, 194
Sieges, Lucca (1429–30), 42–3; Rome (1527), 244–6; Florence (1529–30), 249–51; Volterra (1472), 126
Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor (1368–1437), 34
Silvester, Guido, 231
Silvestri, Bartolommeo, 332
Silvestro, Fra, 200
Slaves, 23–4, 33, 39–40, 95, 266
Soderini, Francesco, Cardinal, 217, 232, 233, 234, 238
Soderini, Niccolò, 104–5, 106, 123
Soderini, Paolo Antonio, 155
Soderini, Piero, 210–11, 212–13, 214, 215
Soderini, Tommaso, 110, 123, 152
Spain, and Julius II’s Holy League, 208; and battle of Ravenna, 208; Spanish forces advance on Florence, 211–12; and sack Prato, 213; Leo X and, 219