4 Ibid., p. 279.
5 Ibid., p. 280.
5 Ibid., p. 283.
7 Ibid., p. 286.
8 Parliamentary or Constitutional History of England from the earliest times to the Restoration of Charles II, Vol. XXII (of XXIV), London, 1751–62, p. 397.
9 Firth (ed.), Memoirs of Edmund Ludlow, p. 286.
10 Ibid., p. 293.
11 Ibid., p. 294.
12 Ibid., pp. 295–6.
13 Ibid., p. 296.
14 Ibid., p. 297.
15 Ibid., p. 298.
16 Ibid.
17 Rowse, Regicides, pp. 73–4.
18 Firth (ed.), Memoirs of Edmund Ludlow, p. 300 fn.
19 Ibid.
20 Ibid.
21 De Beer, Diary of John Evelyn, p. 416.
Chapter 10: Strangers in a Strange Land
1 Anon., Twenty-Nine Regicides, p. 45.
2 Worden (ed.), A Voyce From The Watch Tower, p. 249.
3 Ibid., p. 154.
4 Anon., The Speeches, Discourses, and Prayers, of Col. John Barkstead, Col. John Okey, and Mr Miles Corbet, London, 1662, p. 24.
5 Ibid., p. 1.
6 Jonathan Scott, DNB, Sir George Downing.
7 Worden (ed.), A Voyce From The Watch Tower, p. 297.
8 Scott, DNB, Sir George Downing.
9 Ibid.
10 Scott, DNB, Thomas Chaloner.
11 Firth (ed.), Memoirs of Edmund Ludlow, p. 331 fn.
12 Ibid., pp. 330–1 fn.
13 Anon., Saint George and the Dragon, published in Anglice Mercurius Poeticus, London, 28 February 1659.
14 The Book of Revelation, chapter 21, verse 8.
15 T. H. Lister, The Life and Administration of Clarendon, Vol. III, Longmans, London, 1838, p. 169.
16 Anon., Speeches, Discourses, p. 2.
17 Ibid., p. 34.
18 Ibid., p. 39.
19 Ibid., unnumbered [p. 26]
20 Rowse, Regicides, p. 80.
21 Firth (ed.), Memoirs of Edmund Ludlow, p. 332.
22 Anon., Speeches, Discourses, 8th unnumbered page after p. 24.
23 Ibid., 9th unnumbered page after p. 24.
24 Ibid., 11th unnumbered page after p. 24.
25 Ibid., 21st unnumbered page after p. 24.
26 Ibid., 23rd unnumbered page after p. 24.
27 Ibid., p. 14.
28 Ibid., p. 17.
29 Ibid., p. 22.
30 Firth (ed.), Memoirs of Edmund Ludlow, p. 332.
31 Anon., Speeches, Discourses, p. 25.
32 Ibid., p. 25, and unnumbered page before p. 37.
33 Ibid., unnumbered page before p. 25.
34 Anon., The Parliament Kite, No. 10, 20–27 July 1648, London, p. 54.
35 Anon., Speeches, Discourses, p. 41.
36 Firth (ed.), Memoirs of Edmund Ludlow, p. 333.
37 Anon., Speeches, Discourses, p. 23.
38 Ibid., p. 24.
39 Ibid., p. 49.
40 Ibid., p. 24.
41 Ibid., p. 57.
42 Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1661–62, p. 346.
43 Howell, Complete Collection of State Trials, Vol. V, p. 317, fn.
Chapter 11: A Swiss Sanctuary
1 Pepys, Diary, 12 March 1662.
2 Ibid., 31 October 1662.
3 Firth (ed.), Memoirs of Edmund Ludlow, p. 342.
4 Ibid., p. 483.
5 Ibid., p. 484.
6 Ibid., p. 345.
7 Ibid., p. 356.
8 Ibid., p. 360.
9 Ibid., pp. 484–5.
10 Ibid.
11 Ibid.
12 Ibid.
33 Ibid., p. 364.
14 Ibid., p. 367.
15 Ibid., pp. 482–3.
16 Ibid., p. 482.
17 Ibid., p. 488.
18 Ibid.
19 Ibid., p. 489.
Chapter 12: Vengeance at Last
1 Journals of the House of Commons, Vol. 8, 3 March 1662.
2 Anon., Twenty-Nine Regicides, p. 263.
3 Ibid., p. 253.
4 Ibid., p. 24.
5 Hutchinson, Colonel Hutchinson, p. 312.
6 Anon., Twenty-Nine Regicides, p. 265.
7 Ibid., p. 262.
8 M. Exwood and H. H. Lehmann (trans. and eds), The Journal of William Schellincks’ Travels in England, 1661–1663, Camden Society, 1993, pp. 72, 82–3, 86.
9 Seventh Report of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts, Eyre and Spottiswoode, London, 1879, appendix 1, p. 150.
10 Rowse, Regicides, p. 84.
11 Hutchinson, Colonel Hutchinson, p. 312.
12 Ibid., p. 288.
13 Ibid., p. 289.
14 Ibid., p. 295.
15 Ibid., p. 288.
16 Ibid., p. 289.
17 Ibid., p. 297.
18 Ibid., p. 300.
19 Andrew J. Hopper, ‘The Farnley Wood Plot and the Memory of the Civil Wars in Yorkshire’, The Historical Journal, 45 (2), p. 300.
20 Hutchinson, Colonel Hutchinson, p. 300.
21 Ibid., p. 305.
22 Ibid., p. 307.
23 Ibid., p. 310.
24 Ibid., p. 312.
25 Ibid., p. 314.
26 Ibid., pp. 319–22.
27 Ibid., pp. 327–33.
Chapter 13: An Ocean Away
1 This journal was destroyed by fire in 1776. These names, and other excerpts, were transcribed beforehand. The list can be found in Ezra Stiles, A History of Three of the Judges of King Charles I, Elisha Babcock, Hartford, 1794, pp. 99–100.
2 C. H. Firth, The Raising of the Ironsides, Spottiswoode & Co., London, 1899, p. 21.
3 Thomas Carlyle, Oliver Cromwell’s Letters and Speeches, Vol. I, Part II, Letter XII, Scribner, Welford and Co., New York, 1871, p. 136.
4 Alvis (ed.), Areopagitica, p. 405.
5 Noble, Memoirs of the Protectoral-House, Vol. II, p. 145.
6 Firth (ed.), Clarke Papers, p. 254.
7 Carlyle, Cromwell’s Letters, p. 170.
8 Bodl. Oxf., MS Rawl. A 38, fol. 125.
9 De la Bédoyère (ed.), Diary of John Evelyn, p. 105.
10 Hutchinson, Colonel Hutchinson, p. 257.
11 Excerpt from Goffe’s diary from css.podsdemo.com/webpages/ftphtmltransfer/judges3.html
12 Calendar of State Papers, Colonial, America and West Indies, 1661–1668, no. 161, p. 54.
13 Edward Elias Atwater et al., History of the Colony of New Haven to Its Absorption Into Connecticut, The Journal Publishing Company, Meriden Connecticut, 1902, p. 422.
14 Christopher Pagliuco, The Great Escape of Edward Whalley and William Goffe, Charleston, SC, 2012, p. 61.
15 A Proclamation By the King For Apprehension of Edward Whalley and William Goffe, 22 September 1660, printed by Christopher Baker and John Bill, London, 1660.
16 The New England Quarterly, Vol. 60, No. 4, p. 529.
17 Stiles, Three of the Judges, p. 60.
18 Lemuel Aiken Welles, The History of the Regicides in New England, New York, 1927, pp. 28–9.
20 Stiles, Three of the Judges, p. 52.
21 Atwater et al., Colony of New Haven, p. 424.
22 Frederick Hull Cogswell, ‘The Regicides in New England’, New England Magazine, Vol. IX, No. 2, 1893, p. 191.
23 Atwater et al., Colony of New Haven, p. 426.
24 Ibid.
25 Stiles, Three of the Judges, p. 55.
26 Ibid.
27 Russell Shorto, The Island at the Centre of the World, Doubleday, London, 2004, p. 71.
28 Atwater et al., Colony of New Haven, p. 428.
Chapter 14: Into the Wilderness
1 Stiles, Three of the Judges, p. 82.
2 Ibid., p. 74.
3 Ibid., p. 108.
4 Welles, History of the Regicides in New England, pp. 69–70.
5 Stiles, Three of the Judges, pp. 56–8.
6 Ibid., pp. 49–50.
7 Pagliuco, Gre
at Escape, p. 77.
8 Stiles, Three of the Judges, pp. 59–60.
9 Pagliuco, Great Escape, p. 84.
10 Noble, Memoirs of the Protectoral-House, Vol. I, pp. 425–6.
11 Stiles, Three of the Judges, pp. 118–24.
12 Cogswell, ‘The Regicides in New England’, p. 200.
13 Stiles, Three of the Judges, p. 158.
14 Ibid., p. 157.
15 Ibid., p. 164.
16 J. T. Peacey, DNB, John Dixwell.
17 Noble, Memoirs of the Protectoral-House, Vol. II, p. 152.
Chapter 15: To the Last Man
1 Rowse, Regicides, p. 74.
2 Firth (ed.), Memoirs of Edmund Ludlow, p. 281.
3 Firth/Worden, DNB: Edmund Ludlow.
4 Antony Whitaker, The Regicide’s Widow, Sutton Publishing, Stroud, 2006, p. 174.
5 Ibid., p. 177.
6 Ibid., p. 190.
7 M. W. Helms and John P. Ferris, The History of Parliament, volumes 1660–1690, www.historyofparliament.org, entry for Edmund Ludlow.
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Acknowledgements
The subject of this book came to me when reading an ‘On this day’ website recording the 350th anniversary of John Barkstead, Miles Corbet and John Okey’s execution for their part in the death of Charles I. Okey’s name jumped out at me, as I wrote a little about his Civil War exploits in an earlier work. Wondering what happened to the rest of the killers of the King, and who they all were, led to this book.
I am grateful for the wholehearted encouragement of Andrew Kidd and Gillon Aitken, my literary agents, to pursue the topic. Also to Michael Fishwick, Anna Simpson and their colleagues at Bloomsbury, for their enthusiasm for it all.
My wife, Karen, has been the most intelligent and receptive of sounding boards, enduring my passion for this subject with grace and humour, and always giving superb advice.