stop-drilling repairs to, 46
as symbol of America, 51–52, 195
as symbol of hope, 53, 72
as symbol of independence, 36, 47, 48–49, 71
tourist visits to, 70
traveling exhibition of, 49, 50, 51
“Liberty Bell, The” (Sousa), 51
Liberty Enlightening the World (Bartholdi), see Statue of Liberty
Liberty Island, New York Harbor, 177
Liebman, Joshua, Peace of Mind, 288–89
Lincoln, Abraham, 141, 157–75, 194, 203, 241, 274
assassination of, 170, 180
and Civil War, 159–61, 164, 165, 168
and Douglas debates, 156, 160
and Emancipation Proclamation, 161, 162, 169, 251
funeral orations to memory of, 170–74, 266–67
and Gettysburg, 157
and Gettysburg Address, 158, 161, 163–65, 166
as Jesus, 171, 174
as Moses, 4, 33, 58, 143, 162, 165, 167, 171–75, 248, 267, 282, 296
and religion, 160–61, 163, 164–65, 166, 167
second inaugural address of, 161, 165–68
and Thanksgiving, 7, 19
Lincoln, Willie, 163
Livingston, Robert, 80, 85
Locke, John, 61, 92, 93, 298
Long, Charles, 250
Look, 224
Lossing, Benson, Pictorial Field-Book of the Revolution, 49
Lowell, James Russell, 19
Luther, Martin, 21–22, 267
Lutz, Donald, 92, 93
MacArthur, John, 67–69
Madison, James, 94
Magruder, “Uncle Tom,” 150
Mandela, Nelson, 71–72
manifest destiny, 148
Mann, Thomas, 210, 220
March on Washington, 51, 248, 250–53
Marin, Richard “Cheech,” 277
Marshall, John, 46
Martí, José, 193
Marty, Martin, 94
Marx, Karl, 298
Mason, Charles, 259
Mason-Dixon line, 119
Masonic Bible:
other uses for, 80–81
passages where Washington rested his hand, 78, 83–85
and September 11 attack, 81–82
and Washington’s inauguration, 74, 78–80, 78
Masons:
author’s visit to, 85–90
Bartholdi as member of, 180, 183
code of (The Book of Constitutions), 88
history of, 87
morality plays of, 88
and Moses, 89
password of, 87
PR rep of, 86–90
reenactment of Washington’s inauguration, 73–80, 82–83
and religion, 87
in Saint Paul’s Chapel, 73–74, 82–83
speculative Freemasonry, 87
spread of, 88
and Statue of Liberty, 183
values of, 90
Washington as member of, 76, 86, 90
Massachusetts:
legal code of, 28
slavery forbidden in, 111
Mather, Cotton, 9, 37
Matthew, Gospel according to, 20
Mayflower, 8, 10–11, 12, 27, 299
Mayflower Compact, 11, 28, 203, 299
Mayflower II, 3, 24
Mayhew, Rev. Jonathan, 61
McCain, John, 6
McCarthyism, 227
Melville, Herman, 220
Memphis, Tennessee:
civil rights movement in, 262, 264
King in, 260–66, 278
King’s last speech in, 261–66
Lorraine Motel in, 260–61, 269–74
Mason Temple in, 259–60, 266
Merced, Daniel, 81–82
Metropolitan Art Storage, 210–11, 215
Metropolitan Casualty Life Insurance Company, Moses, Persuader of Men, 212
Michelangelo Buonarotti, 184, 185
Milk, Harvey, 277
Miller, Keith, Voice of Deliverance, 245
Milton, John, 23
Mississippi Summer, 256
Miss Liberty (Broadway musical), 193
Montesquieu, Baron de La Brède et de, 92, 93, 298
Moreno, Barry, 179–81, 183, 186, 187, 188, 194, 196
Mormonism, 220
Morton, Jacob, 80, 83
Moses:
as action hero, 68, 221–26
adapting the image to the times, 220, 221, 246–48, 296
and American identity, 196, 198, 199, 202, 287, 296–97
American legacy of, 297–309
and blood of the lamb, 16
and burning bush, 14–15, 27, 38, 184, 191, 226, 229, 236, 239
and the courage to escape, 298–99
and covenant, 27, 97, 98, 186, 300
elevation of, 21, 23
farewell speech to the Israelites, 8–9, 12, 25–26, 93, 204, 206, 262–63, 278, 290, 308
Five Books of (Pentateuch), 13, 70, 91, 93, 173, 266, 269–70, 282, 301, 306
freedom and law, 27, 97, 186–87, 299–300
and the golden calf, 17
grave of, 152
and leadership, 15, 91, 94, 152, 253, 268, 277–78, 282–83, 287, 289, 296
Michelangelo’s statue of, 184, 185
and Mormonism, 220
at Mount Sinai, 16–17, 27, 60, 96, 97, 185–86, 196, 267, 300
murder committed by, 14
and personal fulfillment, 287–91
and pharaoh, 15–16
and Pilgrims, 12, 22, 29–33, 151, 296, 299
in popular culture, 210, 212–14, 225, 288, 289, 296
and the Promised Land, 17–18, 31, 33, 266, 268
as prophet, 20–21, 29, 191, 225
radical ideals attributed to, 22, 157
Red Sea divided by, 16, 98, 267
relevance today, 275–77, 283–87, 289–91, 302, 306–9
and revolution, 96
story of, 13–18, 20, 27, 91, 107, 184, 187, 205–7, 221, 234, 282, 297, 306–7
and Ten Commandments, 17, 22, 27, 87, 96, 155, 185, 300
uplifting the downtrodden, 300–301
as voodoo figure, 246–47
Moses and the Exodus from Egypt (film), 213
Mount Sinai, 16–17, 27, 60, 94, 96, 97, 185–86, 191, 196, 267, 300
Muir, Rev. James, 101
NAACP, 256
Napoléon Bonaparte, 104
Napoléon III, emperor of France, 180
National Civil Rights Museum, Memphis, 269
Ndungane, Archbishop
Njongonkulu, 71–72
New Israel, America as, 24, 89 New Republic, 235
New York City:
Cathedral Church of Saint John the Divine in, 241, 242, 243, 245, 251
Federal Hall in, 77, 78, 81–82
as nation’s capital, 77
population of, 77
September 11 attacks on, 73, 81–82, 85, 192
and Washington’s inauguration, 73, 76, 78, 82–83
New York Harbor, 176–77
Ninety-five Theses (Luther), 22
Noerdlinger, Henry, 216, 219, 239
Noll, Mark, 38
The Civil War as a Theological Crisis, 153, 154, 157
Norris, Isaac, 40, 42, 43, 44, 45
North Star, navigation by, 134
Novak, Michael, 79
Obama, Barack, 5–6, 282
Oberlin College, Ohio, 133, 153
Ohio River, 106–9, 108, 114, 117, 119
Old Colony Club, 7, 9, 18–19, 24–25, 29
“Onward, Christian Soldiers,” 236–37
Oregon Trail, 119
Orrison, Katherine, 226, 231–33
Owens, Jesse, 255
Paine, Thomas, 47, 173
Common Sense, 4, 35, 60, 63
Palmer, Rev. Benjamin, 158–59
Paramount Pictures, 214, 227, 235
Parker, John, 131–32
Parks, Rosa, 243, 269
Pass, John, 44–4
5
Passover, 2, 41, 98, 139, 200–201, 231–33, 275, 292–93, 295–96, 303–4
Pathé Films, 213
Penn, William, 39
Pennsylvania:
Charter of Privileges in, 39, 42, 43
jubilee year in, 42, 43
State-house (now Independence Hall) in, 39–40, 44, 45, 48
Pentateuch, 13, 70, 91, 93, 173, 266, 269–70, 282, 301, 306
Philadelphia:
British capture of, 40, 58
Christ Church in, 53–59, 55, 71
see also Independence Hall
Pilgrims, 8–10, 11
and the Bible, 27, 29, 30–31, 62
and covenant, 28
and first Thanksgiving, 12–13, 19
and Mayflower Compact, 11, 28
and Moses, 12, 22, 29–33, 151, 296, 299
perpetuating the memory of, 25, 34, 146, 203, 251
in Plymouth, 9–10, 19, 26
punishments inflicted by, 28
Pilgrim Society, 29, 34
Plato, 88, 298
Pledge of Allegiance, 236, 285
Plimouth Plantation, Massachusetts, 26, 28
Plutarch, 92
Plymouth, Massachusetts, tourism in, 3, 7, 19
Plymouth Church, Brooklyn, 168–69, 172, 203, 241
Plymouth Colony, Massachusetts:
peace with Indians, 32
Pilgrims in, 9–10, 19, 26
Polk, James K., 149
Poor People’s Campaign, 260
Powell, Colin, 269
pragmatism, 62
Presley, Cecilia, 210, 211, 233–34, 236, 237, 239
Presley, Elvis, 260
Presley, Lisa Marie, 260
Presley, Priscilla, 260
Prince of Egypt (film), 289
Promised Land, 17–18
America as, 51, 148, 197, 198
blessings of, 93
Middle Class as, 130, 252
Moses’ failure to reach, 31, 33, 266, 268, 274
quest for, 298–99, 300
redefining, 289
Promise Keepers, 289
Protestants:
and biblical time, 23–24
evangelical, 144, 145, 146, 162, 166
and Great Awakening, 4, 37–38, 56, 144–45, 146, 165, 203
importance of Moses to, 22, 195, 200
and language of dissent, 38
and rebirth, 37, 144, 162
and Scripture, 22
Prothero, Stephen, American Jesus, 297
Provoyeur, Pierre, 186
Puck, 198, 199
Pulitzer, Joseph, 181
Puritans, 31, 37, 61, 194
America as Promised Land to, 148
and Exodus, 24, 27, 30, 129
and Jews, 202 see also Pilgrims
Putin, Vladimir, 280
Quakers, as abolitionists, 111
Rabin, Yitzhak, 269
Randall, Roger, 10, 12
Rankin, Rev. John, 110, 112–16, 113, 118
Rankin family, 113
Rankin House, 111–16, 126
rationalism, 62, 63
Reagan, Ronald, 26, 194–95, 204, 278, 282, 296
Revere, Paul, 88
Rice, Nathaniel, 155–57
Ripley, Ohio, 106–9, 108, 112–16
Riverside Church, New York City, 245
Robben Island, South Africa, 71
Robinson, John, 203
Rockefeller, John D., 213
Roman Catholic Church:
in Middle Ages, 21
and Reformation, 22, 24
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 4, 220
Rosemary Miller (Coast Guard vessel), 177
Ross, Betsy, 55
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 61, 97
Ruegemer, E. J., 235
Rush, Benjamin, 144
Rustin, Bayard, 264
Saboteur (film), 193
Sacks, Jonathan, 22, 292, 306
Safford, Tim, 54, 56–59, 61–62, 71
Saint Catherine’s Island, Georgia, 124
Saperstein, Rabbi David, 284–87
Sapp, William, 230, 231
Sarna, Jonathan, 196, 199–202, 302
Sarna, Nahum, 196
Savini, Tom, 86–90
Sekulow, Jay, 284–87
September 11 attacks:
and Bell of Hope, 85
and Statue of Liberty, 192
and Trinity Church, 73, 81, 85
Shaw, Chancey, 118
Sheinson, Yosef Dov, A Survivors’ Haggadah, 294
Sherwood, Samuel, 35
The Church’s Flight into the Wilderness, 60
Shuster, Joe, 221, 223
Siegel, Jerry, 221, 223, 225
Simitière, Pierre Eugène du, 66
slavery, 68, 110
abolitionists vs., 48–49, 114, 115, 141, 150–51, 153–57, 169
African traditions of, 122, 124
and the Bible, 122, 153–57
and black nationalism, 127, 128–29
and Civil War, 142, 153–57, 162
and Emancipation Proclamation, 161, 162, 169, 251
and freedom, 97, 129
Fugitive Slave Law, 137, 150
and Moses, 126, 296
slave pen, 127
and spirituals, 106–7, 123–27, 130, 136, 247
stories of, 122, 245, 246–48
and Underground Railroad, see Underground Railroad
and voodoo, 246–47
Smith, Joseph, 220, 221
Solon of Athens, 283
Sousa, John Philip, 51
Southgate, Joan, 132–34, 137–38, 139
Soviet Jews, 295
Speedwell, 10, 203
spirituals, 252, 255
first use of term, 124
and Moses, 107, 124–26, 136, 151, 251, 295
and slavery, 106–7, 123–27, 130, 136, 247
and Underground Railroad, 107, 120–21, 123, 130, 136
Standard Oil of New Jersey, 213
Statue of Liberty, New York Harbor, 177, 178–95, 182, 205, 239
centennial celebration, 26, 81, 194–95
chains at feet of, 183
creation of, 180–81, 183
crown of, 183–84
dedication of, 193
and Miss Liberty (Berlin), 193
and Moses, 4, 134, 185–87, 188, 191–92, 195, 296
and “New Colossus” (Lazarus), 189–91, 192, 193–94, 199
pedestal of, 187–88
staircase of, 188
as symbol of immigration, 188–92, 193–95
tablet of, 184–87, 194
tension-flex system of, 188
and Uncle Sam, 198
Whittier’s poem to, 193
Steffens, Lincoln, 213
Stewart, Fran, 133
Stewart, James, 215
Stiles, Ezra, 59
Stockton, Rev. Thomas, 163
Stow, Charles, 44–45
Stowe, Calvin, 118, 143–44, 149
Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 125, 134, 142, 143–44, 149–52, 203
and abolition, 150–51, 154
family background of, 141–42
Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 117, 118–19, 141, 150–52
Street, Rev. Nicholas, 92
Suffragettes, 51
Sunset Boulevard (film), 208–9
Sunset Boulevard, Hollywood, 208–9
Superman, 221–26, 224, 296
Supreme Court, U.S., 243, 245, 252, 283–87, 284
“Swing Low, Sweet Chariot,” 107
Taylor, Zachary, 81
Ten Commandments, 70
and covenant, 27, 97, 300
modern depictions of, 234–35
and Moses, 17, 22, 27, 87, 96, 155, 185, 300
and rule of law, 28, 235
and U.S. Supreme Court, 283–85
Ten Commandments, The (1923 film), 209, 212, 214–15, 220
Ten Commandments, The (1956 film), 6, 209, 216–19, 218, 226–31, 234
–40
final scene of, 238–39, 238
robe worn in, 218, 219
Thanksgiving:
celebrations of, 1, 3, 7, 12, 19, 79, 159, 199, 200–201, 285, 303
Old Colony Club as Keepers of, 7
and Pilgrims, 12–13, 19
Thoreau, Henry David, 18
Thornton, Brother, 129
Thornwell, James, 154
Time, 233
Titanic, 241
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 145
Torah, 13, 98, 196, 203–4