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    Atlantis the Lost Continent Finally Found


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      PROF. ARYSIO SANTOS

      ATLANTIS

      THE LOST CONTINENT FINALLY FOUND

      Copyright © 1997–2015 by Prof. Arysio Nunes dos Santos

      Legal Deposits of this book have been made both in the Library of Congress (Washington, DC) and in the Biblioteca Nacional do Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) for purposes of International Legal Copyright Protection.

      All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, including the Internet, without prior permission in writing from the publisher or the author.

      Published by Atlantis Publications.

      Rua Prof. Sálvio Nunes no 40. Belo Horizonte (MG) - CEP: 30.310.300 – BRAZIL. Tel.: (1)646-472-5944.

      Miami Office: 20230 NE 3rd. Court - Unit 6 - Miami (FL) - USA.

      Tel.: (1)305-999-0030.

      Internet Site: http://www.atlan.org - E-Mail Address: arysio@atlan.org

      Logo and Cover Design: Rodrigo Friche.

      Line Art and Graphic Editing: Ney P. Junior; Tatiane Lima. Text Editing and Proofreading: Pradip Purtej Singh.

      Cataloging-in-Publication (CIP) Data available on demand.

      First Edition Published in June 2005

      ISBN: 0-9769550-0-8

      Runoko Rashidi, The Ancient Sumerians

      A Note of Caution on Internet Links

      Introduction

      Indonesia, the Remnants of Sunken Atlantis

      The Word “Island” in Plato

      The “White Island” of the Universal Traditions

      Plato’s Atlantis Was a Tropical Paradise Even During the Ice Age

      The Quest for Lost Atlantis Is Only Now Feasible

      A Major Scientific Revolution in the Making

      Chapter 1 – Indonesia as the True Site of Eden

      Forewarning Note

      Introduction

      Indonesia as the True Site of Eden

      Eden Was in Fact Lemurian Atlantis

      The Seminal Exodus

      Chapter 2 - Atlantis and the “Atlantic Ocean”

      The Reality of the Civilizing Heroes

      The Bible Is Right After All

      The Elusive Sunken Continent Revealed

      The Great Rift and Hesiod’s Khasma Mega

      Chapter 3 - What Really Happened During the Last Pleistocenic Ice Age?

      The Actual Cause of the Ice Ages

      Thermal Runaway and the Quaternary Extinctions

      The Collapse of the Holy Mountain

      The Meaning of the Myth of the Primordial Castration

      Egypt, India and the Origin of the Legend of Atlantis

      Atlantis and the Illusions of Darwinian Uniformitarianism

      The Krakatoa Volcano and the “Innavigable Seas” of Atlantis

      The Chimerical Atlantises

      The Mid-Atlantic Ridge and Donnelly’s Atlantis

      Chapter 4 - Indonesian Atlantis and the Four Rivers of Paradise

      The Four Rivers of Paradise

      The Flood and the Destruction of Paradise

      Chapter 5 – Atlantis in America

      Introduction

      The Foundering of Aztlán (Aztec)

      The Foundering of Tolán (Maya)

      The Atlantes of Tula (Mexico)

      Chapter 6 – Atlantis in Ancient Cosmograms

      The Mountain of Sunrise and Sunset

      The Cross of Atlantis

      The Plan of Atlantis as a Replica of the World

      The Sacred Geometry of Atlantis in America and Elsewhere

      Chapter 7 – Atlantis in Ancient Maps

      Plato (427 BC–347 BC)

      The Idealized Maps of Atlantis

      Homer, Crates and the Map of Hecatæus of Miletus

      The Map of Eratosthenes

      The World Conception of Cosmas Indicopleustes

      The Map of Grazioso Benincasa

      The Map Presented King Henry VII

      Chapter 8 – The Many Pillars of Hercules

      Ptolemy’s Map of Taprobane

      The Many Pillars of Hercules

      The Global Extent of the Former Atlantean Empire

      Atlantis and Its Great Plain

      Chapter 9 – Atlantis in Minoan Symbolism

      The Logo of Atlantis Publications

      Chapter 10 - The Atlantic Ocean of the Ancients

      Introduction

      The Case of Ys Brazil

      Setting Out to Disprove Atlantis

      “Like Oil, Atlantis Is Wherever It May Be Found”

      Three Proofs of the Above Conclusions

      The True Location of Paradise

      Columbus and the Interposed Americas

      Back to the Suda

      Chapter 11 - The True Pillars of Hercules

      The Tabular Comparison

      The Case of Cuba and the Caribbean Islands

      Crete, Cyprus, Malta and Other Mediterranean Locations

      Robert Sarmast and the Cyprus’ “Discovery”

      No Such Cataclysm Ever in the Times of Man

      Bob Ballard and the Black Sea Flood

      The Ramayana and the Vadavamukha

      Opening of Sunda Strait

      Starting to Bear Fruits

      The Results for the Mediterranean Locations of Atlantis

      Chapter 12 - The Celtic Shelf, Morocco and Tartessos

      The Many Islands Ahead

      The Dualism of Hercules and Atlas

      Gades, Gadeira, Cadiz and Gadir

      Chapter 13 - Antarctica and the Arctic Ocean

      Pole Shift and the Force of Sacred Traditions

      Taprobane and the Atlantic Islands

      Chapter 14 - Diodorus Siculus on Atlantis

      The Atlantean Origin of Agriculture

      The Celts and the “Pious Ethiopians” of Taprobane

      The Connections With Atlantis

      Diodorus, Plato and the Two Hesperias of the Ancients

      Homer and the Islands of the Blest

      The Twin Ethiopias, the Two Hesperias and the Dual Spains

      Hercules’ Twelfth Labor

      The Legendary Cassiterides and the Mysterious Source of Tin

      The Split Mountain and the Twin Tree of Life

      Chapter 15 - The Jewish Encyclopedia on the True Site of Eden

      The Authority of Thomas Aquinas

      Dante on the Location of Paradise

      Rabbi Nahamanides and the Jewish Traditions

      The Zohar and Alexander’s Visit to Paradise

      The Pishon, the Nile and the Ganges

      Chapter 16 - The Case of Taprobane and Sunda Strait

      Introduction

      Pindar, Plato and the Pillars of Hercules

      The True “Pillars of Hercules”

      The Perfect Fit of the Indonesian Site

      Plato and the Prehistoric Crossings to America

      Atlantis (General)

      Catastrophism, Ice Ages, Geology and the Flood

      Archaeology and Egyptology

      Sea Peoples

      Mythology and Religion

      Archaeoastronomy

      Crete

      Troy, Mycenae, Hittites

      Contents

      Dedication and Acknowledgements............................................................ iii

      Preface ....................................................................................................... v

      Introduction ............................................................................................... 1

      Part I - The True History of Atlantis ..................................................... 29

      Chapter 1 - Indonesia as the True Site of Eden ..............................
    ............ 30

      Chapter 2 - Atlantis and the “Atlantic Ocean” ............................................. 43

      Chapter 3 - What Really Happened During the Pleistocene? ...................... 60

      Chapter 4 - Indonesian Atlantis and the Four Rivers of Paradise ................. 75

      Part II - Ancient Cosmograms, Maps and Symbolisms ...................... 83

      Chapter 5 - Atlantis in America ................................................................ 84

      Chapter 6 - Atlantis in Ancient Cosmograms .............................................. 96

      Chapter 7 - Atlantis in Ancient Maps ........................................................ 110

      Chapter 8 - The Many Pillars of Hercules .................................................. 126

      Chapter 9 - Atlantis in Minoan Symbolism ................................................ 143

      Part III - The Many Sites of Atlantis .................................................... 151

      Chapter 10 - The Atlantic Ocean of the Ancients ....................................... 152

      Chapter 11 - The True Pillars of Hercules ................................................... 173

      Chapter 12 - The Celtic Shelf, Morocco and Tartessos ................................. 206

      Chapter 13 - Antarctica and the Arctic Ocean ............................................ 218

      Part IV - Paradise and the Far Eastern Atlantis ............................... 233

      Chapter 14 - Diodorus Siculus on Atlantis ................................................ 234

      Chapter 15 - The Jewish Encyclopedia on the True Site of Eden ............... 270

      Chapter 16 - The Case of Taprobane and Sunda Strait .............................. 284

      Bibliography ........................................................................................... 297

      Endnotes ............................................................................................... 303

      Subject Index ......................................................................................... 347

      Dedication

      This book is dedicated to all those who believe, like myself, that the legend of Atlantis is something more than just a fable or a moral tale invented by Plato or some other ancient mythographer. I hope that the three decades which I have joyfully dedicated to the research of Atlantis were not altogether lost, and that at least some of the seeds which I have scattered far and wide will fall on fertile ground and grow to bear further seeds, turning this type of research into a reputable academic discipline serving the welfare of all mankind.

      Acknowledgements

      This book is the result of some 30 years of research. Over these many years, several people have helped one way or another. Some people helped with expert advice, some with suggestions of themes for research and clarification, others by providing answers to our specialized questions, still others by pointing out errors of substance, and so forth.

      Above all, I want to thank my many readers and fans for the support they have provided reading my site and my books and publications, and for the many questions they posed, which forced me to dig deeper. Among these early supporters I name Frank J. Hoff and Renato R. Carneiro, who provided both help and encouragement.

      This research would not have been possible without the unfailing help of my wife, who became the “man of the house” while I was lost navigating the South Seas in the wake of Ulysses, Jason, Hercules, Aeneas, Gilgamesh, Alexander, and a host of other ancient explorers. And I also want to thank all my four children, each of whom helped in a great many ways: Bernardo, Carlos, Antonio and Andrea. My blessings and my thanks to them all.

      Arysio Nunes dos Santos, February 2005

      Preface

      “What became of the Black people of Sumer?” the traveler asked the old man; for ancient records show that the people of Sumer were Black. “What happened to them?” “Ah,” the old man sighed. “They lost their history, and so they died.”

      Runoko Rashidi, The Ancient Sumerians

      Thousands of books have been written on Atlantis since its existence was first disclosed by Plato, the prince of philosophers, some two and a half millennia ago. One may well wonder whether a new book on the subject is really needed. Can anything new actually be said about Atlantis?

      The answer is a most emphatic yes!

      After all, the riddle of Atlantis has never been solved thus far to the satisfaction of most people, the academic experts in particular. Hundreds of possible locations have already been proposed as the site of Atlantis. Some authorities think that Atlantis is located on an island such as Crete, the Azores, Ireland or Espartel, or even the Canary Islands or the Antilles, the Florida Keys, etc..

      Other people think that it is a continental location such as Africa, America, Western Europe, Antarctica and so on. More recently – after we pointed out in detail the fact that Plato specifically speaks of Atlantis as definitively having sunk under the sea – some researchers have concentrated on submerged locations such as the Celtic Shelf, the North Sea Shelf, or sunken regions off Spain (Tartessos), off Cyprus, off Gibraltar and so on.

      We have also long been pointing out – for the first time ever in connection with Atlantis – that the sea level rose by 130 meters and more ever since the end of the last Ice Age and that, in consequence of this reality, Plato might well be right, after all. As a result of this enormous rise in sea level, several regions, often of a continental extension, sank in several regions of the world: in Indonesia (Sunda Shelf), in Europe (Celtic Shelf, North Sea Shelf), in the Americas (the Antilles Shelf), and so forth.

      Plato also gave the specific date of 11,600 BP [Before Present] for the Atlantean cataclysm of long ago. And this date exactly corresponds to that of the catastrophic end of the last Pleistocene Ice Age and the so-called Younger Dryas event. Now, such exact coincidences are highly unlikely in practice, as all physicists well know, notwithstanding the contrary opinion of many geological experts, who stolidly cling to the now sorely outdated Uniformitarian theories of Darwin and Lyell.

      It therefore stands to reason that it is in these now sunken regions of the world that people must begin their quest for Atlantis, if they really want to find it. This is far more logical than just relying on the ever-changing though often negative opinions of experts on the many disciplines directly or indirectly related to Atlantis: Geology, Climatology, Evolution, Anthropology, Archaeology, Linguistics, Comparative Religion and Mythology, Paleoanthropology, etc..

      In other words, we must heed scientific facts and reason rather than mere opinions, no matter how authoritative. Scientific theories and expert opinions are no more than mere speculation, often very poorly founded and suggested as a mere working hypothesis of a tentative character. As Plato teaches in his remarkable Critias, one of his two dialogues on Atlantis, these opinions keep changing with time, and are hence unreliable, in contrast to Tradition, which is perennial.

      This constant evolution is really the essence of the Scientific Method, the one recommended for doing Science by epistemologists and philosophers such as René Descartes and a host of others.

      To put it otherwise, where Atlantis and its location are concerned, we must first look for and list all the possible candidates. Then, and only then, we must retrofit them to Plato’s words and statements, in order to verify if the two can be reconciled in some way.

      The non-conformities must be deemed unexplained paradoxes or anomalies, to be studied further and clarified with additional research and more reliable data.

      Do this for every possible candidate, and let the best candidate stand up, becoming the tentative starting point as the best prospect. Then, begin to gather further data, both traditional and new, and see which candidate best fits the new evidence. Then, try to predict what telltale features will probably be found.

      Repeat this over and over again, until all entries are exhausted. Above all, look for the confirmation of
    these specific predictions: past tropical climate in the Ice Age; Pleistocenic fauna and flora; archeological and geographical evidence, immense mineralogical and gemological riches, and so forth. Eventually, when the right candidate is finally found, all items will start to fall in place, as if by magic.

      In a sense, the present book is a dramatic break with the past reality where academics carefully avoided the subject of Atlantis. It is an attempt, by a professional scientist trained in the Scientific Method and in Epistemology – the philosophical science concerned with the framing of theories and their scientific analysis – to systematically study, perhaps for the first time ever, the various existing theories on Atlantis’ location and its unavoidable scientific reality.

      What is even more curious is the fact that my original intention was to dispel the physical reality of the myth of Atlantis and related traditions such as the reality of the Flood, of Eden and other such mythical Paradises which I, like most of my academic colleagues, deemed the result of religious zeal or sheer superstitions held by backward natives or extremely ignorant ancients.

      Much to my surprise, the vast sunken continent which I discovered in the region of Indonesia turned out to be the only candidate which consistently withstood all attempts at dismissal, even after all the other alternative candidates had been thoroughly eliminated for one or more reasons impossible to overcome in any reasonable way.

      In order to find the truth, you must first prepare yourself to cope with it. Otherwise, you will not be able to believe even your own findings. Truth might be so utterly unbelievable as to require an entirely new paradigm in both Science and Religion. In order to accept such novel truths, you must make your mind a razed board where new ideas might be written.

      This vast sunken continent, which we might call Sundaland or Australasia – or, even more appropriately, Atlantis or Eden – endured and refused to go away. This after a series of consistent failures to find discrepancies with either known geological facts or the traditional descriptions such as the ones given by Plato, Homer, Virgil, Pindar, Diodorus, Pliny, and a host of other authorities, from Greece and other places both European and otherwise.

      Suddenly, as if by magic, the pieces of the giant jigsaw puzzle all began to fall in place. The more facts I adduced, the more I researched this region of the world, the more the predictions of Plato and other mythographers started to come out as true: a tropical climate in the Ice Age; a vast continental extension now sunken, but formerly subaerial, inhabited and crisscrossed by many rivers and canals, etc..

     


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