rationality, 222–228
rats
as mother, 170–172, 174, 185, 192–194, 196, 197, 251
pups, 170–172, 174, 185, 192–194, 196, 197, 251
reactive aggression, 50–51, 61, 79
reading, 243–246
Reagan, Ronald, 113
realities, 208–216
reciprocal altruism, 3–4, 110–111, 215–216
Reddit, 199
refugees, 179–180, 201–202, 242
relational mobility, 241
Renaissance, 243–244
rescues, 9–20, 25, 38–39, 100, 152–153
allomothering as, 183–184
of animals, 182–184, 204–205
of refugees, 179–180
See also Booker, Cory; freeway; Skutnik, Lenny
resident nursery companion, 175
resources, 217–221, 233–234, 235–243, 245–246
Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia) (FARC), 208
Ricard, Matthieu, 250
Richard III (king), 42
Ridgway, Gary, 46–48, 49, 69–70, 79, 114
Ridgway, Greg, 46
Ridgway, Matthew, 47
Ridgway, Thomas Newton, 46
river, 112–114, 152–153, 155, 199
Robinson, Paul, 151–152
Rockefeller, John D., 229
Rodriguez, Alex (detective), 18–19
romantic love, 167, 210
Roots of Empathy (Gordon), 251–252
R-selected species, 169
Rule, Ann, 48
ruminants, 170, 171
Russell, Bertrand, 226
Russian motorist, allomothering of, 183
Ryan, Richard, 248
Sacks, Oliver, 104
sacrifices, 217–221
sadness, 62
Saint-Lagué, André, 1–2
saints, 4, 254
San Francisco, California, 154
Savage, Tony, 48, 69–70
scarlet fever, 229
schoolchildren, 251–252
sclera, 128, 132
screams, 139, 163, 199
sea turtles, 157–165, 169–172
offspring of, 157–165
Seattle, Washington, 47, 142
secondary diagnosis, 64
seduction, 76
Self, 100, 116, 221, 253–254
self-control, 221–228
self-interest, 4, 100–102, 116–122, 209–216
selfishness, 100–102, 119–122, 201, 208–216
as altruism’s cause, 249–251
wealth’s association with, 231–240, 245–246
self-knowledge, 212–216
selflessness. See altruism; anti-psychopaths
Seligman, Martin, 122–124
sentimentality, 158–199
September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, 204
serial killers, 46–47, 49, 213–214
sex offenders, 76, 91
sexual assaults, 47, 211
Shamay-Tsoory, Simone, 196
shared environmental influences, 51
shared resource, 217–221
sheep, 170, 171, 173, 194, 202
shooting, mass, 48–49, 204
Singer, Peter, 221, 225
Singer, Tania, 137–139
skin, 128–129
Skinner, B. F., 15–16, 43–45
Skinner boxes, 44–45
Skutnik, Lenny, 112–114, 122, 147, 152–153, 155, 199
as making fast and intuitive decisions, 223
interviews of, 249
slavery, 207–208
S.M., 82–84, 90, 134–136, 251
See also Urbach-Wiethe
Smith, Adam, 188–189
snake, 133–134
soccer fans, 137–139
social discounting, 217–246
social media, 19
“Spider-Man” (fictional character), 17
sport utility vehicle (SUV), 9–15
squirrels, 175, 196, 242
Stalin, Josef, 214
Stanford Prison Experiment, 25–26
states, 228, 245–246
Steinman, Mary Rita, 46
stem cell donations, 106–107
See also bone marrow donations
stereotypes, 17–20
strangers, 105–106, 203, 215–246, 249–250, 252–254
striatum, 198
super face recognizers, 104
super fear-responder, 227–228
superheroes, 17–20, 251, 253, 254
superior colliculi, 131
suspects, 208
SUV. See sport utility vehicle
Swedish Red Cross, 180
Swiss soccer fan study, 137–139
sympathy, 53–55
Syrian refugees, 179–180
taboo, 114–116
Tacoma, Washington, 9–15, 24–25, 47, 142, 253
See also freeway
tantrums, 65–73, 77–78
Tanzania, 176
teachers, 26–43
tears, 77, 83
teenagers
amygdala function of, 5–6, 82–100
fMRI scanning, 5–6, 82–100
as psychopathic, 5–6, 65–102, 124, 138–139, 140
tenure-track professorship, 93–124
terrorist attacks, 204
thalamus, 131–132
threat response theory, 134–136, 150–151
tigers, 175–176
Tirado, Priscilla, 112–114
tit-for-tat, 215–216
toddler, 179–180
torture, 30–34, 207–208
Tranel, Daniel, 82–84
Triassic Period, 164
trust, 209–216, 233, 235–240, 247
Tucson, Arizona, 48–49
Turkheimer, Eric, 43
turtles, 157–165, 169–172, 182
tweaking, 39–40, 45
twins, 41–43, 50–51, 79
Twitter, 19
Uganda, 174
UK. See United Kingdom
Unabomber, 16
unconditional love (agape), 117–118
United Kingdom (UK), 209, 212–214, 215–216, 233
United Network on Organ Sharing (UNOS), 121
United States (US), 100–101, 105–106, 203–207, 208–209, 243
charitable donations, 234–240
everyday helping in, 235–240
kidney donors in, 121, 230–240
lost letter in, 233
volunteering, 234–240
University College London, 135–136
University of California–Berkeley, 233–234
University of Iowa, 82–84
University of Kansas, 34–37
University of Michigan, 170–172
University of Southern California, 50–51
University of Virginia, 180
University of Zurich, 184–185
UNOS. See United Network on Organ Sharing
untrustworthiness, 209–216
Urbach-Wiethe, 82–84, 90, 134, 135, 136, 251
US. See United States
values, 212–216, 240–243, 247–248
van Schaik, Carel, 184–185, 187–188
variability, 38–51, 196
See also psychopathy
Vekaria, Kruti, 219–221
vice, 214
Viding, Essi, 135–136
Vieira, Joana, 94
Vietnam, 179
VIM. See Violence Inhibition Mechanism
violence, 23–24, 201–202, 211
of children, 65–78, 88, 92
as decreasing, 207–208, 221–222, 228–247
domestic, 79
youth, 208–209
Violence Inhibition Mechanism (VIM), 58–73, 128, 188
Virginia, 112–114, 144–145
virtual reality, 251
vocal expressions, 139
volunteering, 105–106, 203–205, 206–207, 232–233, 234–2
40
volunteers, 31–40, 53–55, 109–110, 141–155, 157–164
vortex of indecision, 225–226
Walden Two (Skinner), 44
war, 179, 208
Washington (state), 9–15, 24–25, 47, 142, 253
See also freeway
Washington, DC, 51–55, 57–58, 182–183
See also Georgetown University; National Institutes of Health
Washington Regional Transplant Consortium, 145–149
Watson, John, 43–44
wealth, 229–240, 245–247
Wegner, Daniel, 16–20
weight, 42–43
Weinstein, Netta, 248
well-being, 228–240, 248
Western Hemisphere, 208
Whalen, Paul, 132
Wheatley, Thalia, 52–53
Wheeler, Heather, 24
WHO. See World Health Organization
William James Hall, 15–16, 44
Williams, Jacqueline, 18–20
Williams, Zina, 18–20
Wilson, Samuel, 55
Wilsoncroft, William, 170–172, 174, 185, 192–193
wolves, 59–62, 188
World Bank, 229–230
World Giving Index, 105–106, 203–207, 242–243
World Health Organization (WHO), 106
written fiction, power of, 244–246
Yale University, 26–34, 223–225
Yamagishi, Toshio, 247
Young, Jeanette, 175, 182
youth violence and delinquency, 208–209
Yu, Henry, 195–196
Zebrowitz, Leslie, 181, 189
Zen Buddhism, 118
Zimbardo, Philip, 25–26
zoos, 175–176