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No Ordinary Time

Doris Kearns Goodwin


  Schultz, Duane. The Doolittle Raid. New York: St. Martin’s, 1988.

  Seale, William. The President’s House: A History. 2 vols. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1986.

  —————. The White House: The History of an American Idea. Washington, D.C.: The American Institute of Architects Press, 1992.

  Seidman, Joel. American Labor: From Defense to Reconversion. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1953.

  Sherry, Michael. The Rise of American Air Power: The Creation of Armageddon. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1987.

  Sherwood, Robert E. Roosevelt and Hopkins: An Intimate History. New York: Harper, 1948.

  Shirer, William L. The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany. New York: Touchstone, 1981.

  Shogan, Robert, and Tom Craig. The Detroit Race Riots. Philadelphia: Chilton Books, 1964.

  Shoumatoff, Elizabeth. FDR’s Unfinished Portrait. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1990.

  Sitkoff, Harvard. A New Deal for Blacks: The Emergence of Civil Rights as a National Issue. New York: Oxford University Press, 1978.

  —————, ed. Fifty Years Later: The New Deal Evaluated. New York: Oxford University Press, 1978.

  Skrjabina, Elena. Siege and Survival: The Odyssey of a Leningrader. Carbondale, Ill.: Southern Illinois University Press, 1971.

  Smith, A Merriman. Thank You, Mr. President: A White House Notebook. New York: Harper, 1946.

  Smith, R. Elberton. The Army and Economic Mobilization. Washington, D.C.: Center for Military History, 1959.

  Sorenson, Charles, and William Samuelson. My Forty Years with Ford. New York: Norton, 1956.

  Speer, Albert. Inside the Third Reich: Memoirs. New York: Macmillan, 1970.

  Steeholm, Clara, and Hardy Steeholm. The House at Hyde Park. New York: Viking, 1950.

  Steinberg, Alfred. Mrs. R. New York: Putnam, 1958.

  —————. Sam Rayburn: A Biography. New York: Hawthorn Books, 1975.

  Steinfels, Margaret O’Brien. Who’s Minding the Children? The History and Politics of Day Care in America. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1973.

  Stettinius, Edward R. Lend-Lease: Weapon for Victory. New York: Macmillan, 1944.

  —————. Roosevelt and the Russians: The Yalta Conference. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1949.

  —————. The Diaries of Edward R. Stettinius Jr., 1943–1946. Edited by Thomas M. Campell and George C. Herring. New York: New Viewpoints, 1975.

  Stone, I. F. Business as Usual: The First Year of Defense. New York: Modern Age, 1941.

  —————. The War Years, 1939–1945. Boston: Little, Brown, 1988.

  Swafford, Rosa L. Wartime Record of Strikes and Lockouts, 1940–1945. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Labor, 1946.

  Tapert, Annette, ed. Lines of Battle: Letters from American Servicemen, 1941–1945. New York: Pocket Books, 1987.

  Teague, Michael. Mrs. L. Conversations with Alice Roosevelt Longworth. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1981.

  Thompson, W. H. Assignment: Churchill. New York: Farrar, Straus & Young, 1955.

  Thomson, Harry, and Lidas Mayo. The Ordnance Department: Procurement and Supply. Washington, D.C.: Office of the Chief of Military History, 1960.

  Tugwell, Rexford G. The Democratic Roosevelt: A Biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1957.

  Tully, Grace. F.D.R., My Boss. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1949.

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  —————. A First-Class Temperament: The Emergence of Franklin Roosevelt. New York, Harper & Row, 1989.

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  Welles, Sumner. The Time for Decision. New York: Harper, 1944.

  West, J. B., with Mary Lynn Kotz. Upstairs at the White House: My Life with the First Ladies. New York: Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, 1973.

  White, Gerald. Billions for Defense: Government Financing by the Defense Plant Corporation During World War II. University, Ala.: University of Alabama Press, 1980.

  White, Walter. A Man Called White. New York: Viking, 1948.

  Wilkins, Roy. Standing Fast: The Autobiography of Roy Wilkins. New York: Viking, 1982.

  Wills, Garry. Certain Trumpets: The Call of Leaders. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994.

  Wilson, Theodore. The First Summit: Roosevelt and Churchill at Placentia Bay, 1941. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1969.

  Winfield, Betty Houchin. FDR and the News Media. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1990.

  Wyden, Peter. Day One: Before Hiroshima and After. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1984.

  Wyman, David S. The Abandonment of the Jews: America and the Holocaust, 1941–1945. New York: Pantheon, 1984.

  —————. Paper Walls: America and the Refugee Crisis, 1938–1941. New York: Pantheon, 1985.

  Youngs, J. William T. Eleanor Roosevelt: A Personal and Public Life. Boston: Little, Brown, 1985.

  Ziegler, Robert H. American Workers, American Unions, 1920–1985. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986.

  INDEX

  Acheson, Dean, 142

  Adams, Archie, 444

  Addsco strike (1943), 444, 539

  Adkins, John, 440

  affirmative action, 249

  aid to Allies:

  Cabinet reorganization and, 71–72

  convoys in, 233–34, 236, 277–78, 609

  FDR and, 61–62, 64–67

  Gallup poll on, 195

  Ickes’s view of, 262

  isolationists and, 70, 194–95

  Soviet invasion and, 255–58

  stab-in-the-back speech and, 67–69

  U.S. military opposition to, 61, 64–67, 70, 261

  see also lend-lease

  aircraft industry:

  mobilization effort and, 258–59

  Negroes employed in, 330

  Reuther plan and, 196–97

  unions and, 225–26

  Alabama Times, 330–31

  Albania, 578

  Albright, Joseph, 249

  ALCOA, 259–60

  Aldrich, Winthrop, 99

  Alexander, Will, 171

  Allen, Robert, 523–24

  Alsop, Corinne Robinson, 91, 375, 377

  Alsop, Joe, 377

  Altschul, Jack, 606

  aluminum scrap drive, 260–61

  Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America, 55, 184

  Ambrose, Stephen, 509–10

  American, 458–59

  American-British Conference on Refugees, 453

  American Civil Liberties Union, 321

  American Federation of Labor (AFL), 229, 247

  American Student Union, 122–23, 227

  American Youth Congress (AYC), 30, 83–84, 140–41

  Amsterdam News, 253

  Anderson, Marian, 163

  Anthony, George, 615

  anti-lynching law, 163–65

  anti-Semitism, 103, 173, 455

  FDR and, 102, 397

  see also Jews; refugee issue

  Anzio, Battle of, 508

  Arcadia Conference (1941), 303–4 />
  Ardennes counteroffensive, see Bulge, Battle of the

  Argentia Conference, see Atlantic Conference

  Arizona, 288

  Arizona, University of, 428–29

  Army, U.S., 262, 292, 293

  aid to Allies opposed by, 64–67, 70

  August 1940 maneuvers of, 143–44

  extension of draft and, 267

  growth of, 372

  integrated combat units in, 567–68, 626–27

  Japanese-Americans in, 430, 514

  Louisiana maneuvers of, 48–52, 61

  preparedness of, 22–23

  segregated facilities in, 421–44

  army bases and camps, inspection of, 424–27

  Arnold, Henry H. “Hap,” 263, 305, 404, 477, 511, 609

  Arnold, Thurman, 259, 398

  Asbell, Bernard, 243, 287, 492

  Associated Press (AP), 25, 219, 222, 530, 594

  Astrid, Princess of Norway, 149

  Atkinson, Alfred, 429

  Atlantic, Battle of, 233, 449, 468

  Atlantic Charter, 266, 312

  Atlantic Conference (Argentia) (1941), 262–67, 277, 283, 301, 303, 598

  atomic bomb:

  in attacks on Japan, 621

  Churchill and, 346–47, 546

  Einstein’s letter on, 346

  ER and, 621

  FDR-Churchill secrecy pact and, 546

  first test of, 582

  Manhattan Project and, 347, 531, 590, 621

  proposed use of, 590

  in Quebec Conference, 461

  Attlee, Clement, 32, 305

  Augusta, 263, 265, 267

  Auschwitz concentration camp, 396, 515, 516

  Australia, 462, 463, 464, 465, 499

  Austria, 70, 103, 578

  auto industry, 259, 625

  defense mobilization and, 231–33, 314–15

  Ford strike and, 226

  Reuther plan and, 196–97

  wartime transformation of, 362–63, 365

  Avery, Sewell, 498

  Bachelder, Toi, 34, 242

  Badoglio, Pietro, 449

  Baltic States, 478

  Baltimore, 531, 533

  Baltimore Afro-American, 522

  Baltimore Sun, 17, 140

  Bankhead, William B., 44, 124, 129, 133, 159

  banking crisis, 57, 221, 320

  “Barbara Frietchie” (Whittier), 438

  Barber, William, 538–40

  Barkley, Alben, 44, 125–26, 133, 486–487, 526, 606

  Barn-more, Ethel, 198

  Bartlett family, 113

  Barton, Bruce, 185

  Baruch, Bernard, 102, 147, 216, 226, 411–12, 458, 469, 497–500

  Beardall, John, 262

  Beaverbrook, William Aiken, Lord, 45, 301, 305, 306, 308, 438, 439, 458

  Belair, Felix, 25

  Belgium, 14–15, 23, 30–31, 33, 38, 41, 63, 190, 403, 543, 564, 578

  Bell, Harry, 186–87

  Bell, Mildred, 186

  Bell, Minnewa, 178

  Belle Isle race riots, 445

  Bellinger, Patrick, 294

  Bellow, Saul, 450–51

  Belzec concentration camp, 396, 454, 515

  Benjamin, Maurice, 279

  Benjamin, Mrs. Maurice, 279

  Bennett, Harry, 226, 229

  Bergman, Ingrid, 399

  Bergson, Peter, 455

  Berle, Adolf A., Jr., 69, 173, 238, 591

  Berlin, Irving, 239–40

  Berlin, Isaiah, 45–46, 63, 308, 607

  Berlin Diary (Shirer), 359

  Bethune, Mary McCleod, 162, 163, 228, 447

  Biddle, Francis, 204, 322, 392, 446, 498, 604

  Bill of Rights, 485–86

  Birkenau concentration camp, 396, 515

  Bishop, Jim, 592

  Black, Ruby, 183

  black markets, 356

  blacks, see Negroes

  Blakeley, Betty, 414–15

  Blum, John, 399, 537

  Boettiger, Anna, see Roosevelt, Anna

  Boettiger, John, 235, 284, 338, 367, 372, 480, 517, 519, 591

  Anna Roosevelt’s correspondence with, 438, 466, 479, 480, 481, 498, 504, 568, 574, 575, 579, 583, 588

  D-Day speech and, 507

  and decision to serve, 409–10, 424

  emotional breakdown of, 472

  FDR and, 177, 211, 604, 632

  Kennedy and, 211

  with Seattle Post-Intelligencer, 181, 182

  in service, 452, 489, 491

  Teheran Conference and, 471–72, 473

  Boettiger, John, Jr., 75, 451, 489, 491, 492, 502, 520, 568, 598, 601, 604, 632

  Bogart, Humphrey, 310, 399

  Bohlen, Charles E., 257, 344, 475, 577, 578

  Bolero, Operation, 342, 439

  Bolton, Frances, 148

  Boston Evening America, 618

  Boston Globe, 210

  Bowen, Catherine Drinker, 561

  Bracken, Brendan, 382

  Bradley, Omar, 589

  Bratton, Rufus, 288

  Braun, Eva, 620

  Brazil, 384, 495

  Brett, George H., 65

  Bridges, Edward, 577

  Brinkley, David, 394, 432, 488

  Britain, Battle of, 138, 146, 151–52, 192, 195–96

  British Expeditionary Force (BEF), 32, 62–63

  British Gambia, 419

  British inspection tour, 379, 381–82, 391

  Brooke, Alan, 461, 506

  Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, 161–62, 247, 248

  Broun, Heywood, 26

  Brown, Elliott, 209

  Brown, Raymond, 167

  Brown, Wilson, 473

  Browning, Robert, 91

  Bruenn, Howard, 494–96, 497, 498, 499, 500, 502, 503, 527, 537, 545, 563, 564, 578, 584, 598, 601, 602–603

  Bryan, 523

  Budd, Ralph, 55

  Bugbee, Emma, 183

  Bulge, Battle of the, 564–68, 578, 609

  Bullitt, William, 17, 62, 70, 154–55, 242, 536

  Bulloch, Martha, see Roosevelt, Martha Bulloch

  Burke, Edmund, 310, 544

  Burma, 316, 342, 405

  Burnett, Laurence, 422

  Burns, James MacGregor, 297, 485–486, 532, 582

  Bush, Vannevar, 590

  Business Week, 413

  Buttinger, Joseph, 102–3, 104, 175

  Byers, Jean, 567, 626–27

  Byrnes, James F., 107, 115, 129, 359, 440, 469, 487, 526, 527, 530, 559, 574–79, 585, 588, 616

  Byron, George Gordon, Lord, 577

  Cabinet, U.S., 214, 284, 393, 570, 586, 613, 615

  aging of, 500

  and attack on Pearl Harbor, 292

  British financial crisis discussed in, 190–91

  FDR and, 71–72, 604

  oil embargo and, 265–66

  postelection period and, 563–64

  Soviet Union and, 255, 261–62

  Cadden, Joseph, 140–41

  Cadogan, Alexander, 461–62, 577

  Calvert, Harold, 356

  Campbell, Mary, 542

  Canada, 142, 145–46, 343, 354

  Cannon, Jimmy, 291

  Caribbean tour, 492, 493–94

  Carl, Helen, 464

  Carney, Frank, 538

  Carroll, Sophia, 440

  Casablanca, 399

  Casablanca Conference (1943), 399, 401–8

  Catherine II (the Great), Empress of Russia, 601

  Catt, Carrie Chapman, 282

  Catton, Bruce, 56, 71, 559, 608

  Caudell, Marion, 50

  Cavell, Edith, 73

  CBS, 100, 264

  Celler, Emmanuel, 316

  Chaffee, Adna, 52

  Chamberlain, John, 589

  Chamberlain, Neville, 32, 38

  Chamber of Commerce, U.S., 53–54, 156

  Chaney, Mayris, 282, 324–25

  Chase, Stuart, 18

  Chelmno concentration camp, 396, 515

  Cherwell, Lord, 5
44

  Chiang, Madame, 473–74, 594

  Chiang Kai-shek, 283, 471

  Chicago Daily News, 71

  Chicago Defender, 253

  Chicago Sunday Tribune, 459

  Chicago Tribune, 153, 181

  child care, 416–17, 622

  Childs, Marquis, 31–32, 114, 215, 290, 294, 325, 356

  China, Republic of, 23, 283, 286, 470, 474, 560, 580

  Christmas Carol (Dickens), 306, 568

  Chrysler, 362–63

  Churchill, Clementine, 311, 313, 342–343, 379, 392, 508, 542–46, 576

  Churchill, Mary, 456–57

  Churchill, Sarah, 473, 474, 575, 576

  Churchill, Winston, 10, 24, 33, 63, 64, 66, 70, 152, 196, 278, 283, 317, 320, 362, 392, 479, 506, 563, 588, 606

  appointed prime minister, 33, 38

  at Atlantic Conference, 263–67

  atomic bomb and, 346–47, 546

  and attack on Pearl Harbor, 290–91

  bathtub story and, 312

  on Big Week bombing effort, 488

  at Casablanca Conference, 401–8

  and conscription of women, 380

  cross-Channel invasion opposed by, 343, 345–48, 439

  “Declaration of United Nations” signed by, 313

  de Gaulle and, 406–7

  destroyers-for-bases deal and, 142, 146–47, 148

  ER and, 311–12, 379, 381–82, 391, 457, 543

  fall of Tobruk and, 347–48, 437

  FDR contrasted with, 264, 308–9

  FDR’s death and, 605

  FDR’s personal relationship with, 33, 38, 42, 64, 192, 310–11, 313, 347, 379, 386, 408, 419, 506, 545

  FDR’s proposed European tour and, 596

  FDR’s speeches and, 68, 407–8

  FDR-Stalin relationship and, 476–477

  and FDR’s views on India, 343

  at first Quebec Conference, 456, 459–62

  Hopkins’s friendship with, 212–13, 215, 257, 342–43

  irregular routine of, 461–62

  joint session of Congress addressed by, 307–10

  lend-lease debate and, 213–14

  Morgenthau Plan and, 544

  Moscow trip of, 348

  in “My Day,” 300, 543

  North Africa invasion and, 348, 389

  Overlord and, 477, 506–8

  poems recited by, 438, 577

  Polish free elections and, 597

  second front and, 342–43, 345

  at second Quebec Conference, 542–46

  sixty-ninth birthday of, 477

  Soviet invasion and, 254–55

  speech preparation of, 308–9

  at Teheran Conference, 473–77

  at Trident Conference, 437

  U.S. visits of, 300–305, 343–47, 432, 435–36, 438–39, 456–57