No Ordinary Time

  240 Listener polls: MT, June 1, 1941, sect. IX, p. 10.

  240 “demagogic and aggressive”: Goebbels, Goebbels Diaries, 1939–1941, p. 240.

  CHAPTER TEN: “A Great Hour to Live”

  241 “she may have begun . . .”: interview with Curtis Roosevelt.

  241 “Missy was not as relaxing . . .”: interview with Elliott Roosevelt.

  241 “sit and simper . . .”: interview with Trude Pratt.

  242 “when to approach FDR . . .”: SEP, Jan. 8, 1938, p. 9.

  242 “Some of the people . . .”: TIR, pp. 169–70.

  242 “The president would work . . .”: interview with Barbara Curtis.

  242 “She said quietly . . .”: interview with Egbert Curtis.

  242 On June 4, 1941: Lillian Rogers Parks, The Roosevelts: A Family in Turmoil (1981), p. 186.

  242 Missy arose: Grace Tully, F.D.R., My Boss (1949), p. 246.

  242 “It was very secret . . .”: interview with Toi Bachelder.

  243 “She’s gotten up . . .”: Parks, Family in Turmoil, pp. 186–87.

  243 “Missy loved . . .”: ibid.

  243 “It’s sad . . .”: ibid., p. 187.

  243 “ . . . She’s been taking opiates . . .”: Bernard Asbell, Mother and Daughter (1988), p. 132.

  243 “change of life”: ibid., p. 133.

  243 “Too many women . . .”: Good Housekeeping, July 1943, p. 30.

  243 “The letters told . . .”: Bernard Asbell, The FDR Memoirs (1973), p. 403.

  244 “Missy has been worse . . .”: Asbell, Mother and Daughter, p. 133.

  244 “licks the joints . . .”: Hygeia, April 1942, p. 270.

  244 “I was distressed . . .”: AB to MLH, n.d., box 36, Halsted Papers, FDRL.

  244 “My dear Missy . . .”: SDR to MLH, Aug. 3, 1941, box 10, Roosevelt Family Papers Donated by the Children, FDRL.

  245 “The strange thing . . .”: interview with Elliott Roosevelt.

  245 “Roosevelt had absolutely . . .”: interview with Eliot Janeway.

  245 “As I sat . . .”: Ickes Diary, July 12, 1941, Library of Congress.

  245 “No words will ever . . .”: FDR to Dr. Harper, Aug. 27, 1941, PPF 3737, FDRL.

  246 “The case has been . . .”: Dr. Winfred Overholser to FDR, Aug. 28, 1941, PPF 3737, FDRL.

  246 “the children . . .”: interview with James Roosevelt.

  246 Roosevelt’s will: copy of last will and testament of Franklin D. Roosevelt, dated Nov. 12, 1941, FDRL.

  246 “I owed her . . .”: James Roosevelt, My Parents, p. 108.

  246 “Negroes will be considered . . .”: Richard Polenberg, War and Society: The United States, 1941–1945 (1972), p. 114.

  247 “We have not had . . .”: The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences, Sept. 1942, p. 74.

  247 “It is not the policy . . .”: Fortune, March 1941, p. 163.

  247 “Negroes who are experienced . . .”: PC, Sept. 28, 1940, p. 3.

  247 “What happens . . .”: New York Post, March 6, 1941, n.p.

  247 “shunted from pillar . . .”: Chicago Defender, June 12, 1943, p. 1.

  247 “Only power . . .”: Jervis Anderson, A. Philip Randolph (1973), p. 248.

  247 “we ought to get . . .”: Murray Kempton, Part of Our Time (1965), p. 250.

  248 “I think the first . . .”: ibid.

  248 “the voiceless and helpless . . .”: Chicago Defender, June 12, 1943, p. 1.

  248 “Be not dismayed . . .” “Call to Negro Americans,” July 1, 1941, OF 93, FDRL.

  248 “crying for their . . .”: Kempton, Part of Our Time, p. 251.

  248 “Let the Negro . . .”: Anderson, A. Philip Randolph, p. 251.

  248 “The pressures of matters . . .”: Watson to WW, April 8, 1941, OF 93, FDRL.

  249 ER at Virginia College: PC, April 12, 1941, p. 3.

  249 “ . . . when there would be . . .”: NYT, June 8, 1941, p. 41.

  249 “Mrs. Roosevelt’s coming . . .”: Joseph Albright to Steve Early, June 8, 1941, OF 93, FDRL.

  249 Naval Academy refused: Harvard Committee for Democracy and Education to FDR, April 11, 1941, OF 93, FDRL.

  249 “To order taking Negroes . . .”: FDR to Knudsen, May 25, 1941, OF 93, FDRL.

  249 “I have talked with Mr. Hillman . . .”: Knudsen to FDR, May 28, 1941, OF 391, FDRL.

  250 “I have talked with the President . . .”: ER to A. P. Randolph, June 10, 1941, ER Microfilm Collection, FDRL.

  250 “I am submitting . . .”: PC, June 21, 1941, p. 4.

  250 “gripped their heart . . .”: Randolph to Knudsen, June 3, 1941, OF 391, FDRL.

  250 “When I got . . .”: John Salmond, A Southern Rebel (1983), p. 194.

  250 “Get the missus . . .”: Joseph P. Lash, Eleanor and Franklin (1971), p. 534.

  250 “Mrs. Roosevelt . . .”: Kempton, Our Time, p. 251; Walter White, A Man Called White (1948), p. 193.

  251 “except the President’s . . .”: Watson to FDR, June 14, 1941, OF 93, FDRL.

  251 “Mr. President, time . . .”: Anderson, Randolph, p. 256.

  251 “ . . . What would happen . . .”: Chicago Defender, June 28, 1941, p. 2.

  251 “I’m sorry Mr. President . . .”: Anderson, Randolph, pp. 256–57.

  251 “A tall courtly . . .”: Roy Wilkins, Standing Fast (1982), p. 180.

  251 “Gentlemen, it is clear . . .”: Anderson, Randolph, p. 258.

  252 “one of those . . .”: Stimson Diary, June 18, 1941, Yale University.

  252 “more can be done . . .”; “It was not enough . . .”: quoted in PC, June 28, 1941, p. 4.

  252 “As Coy was . . .”: interview with Joe Rauh.

  252 “Who is this guy . . .”: Anderson, Randolph, p. 259.

  252 “We’ve got every piece . . .”: interview with Joe Rauh.

  252 “one of the greatest . . .”: ibid.

  252 “to provide for the full . . .”: press release, OF 93, FDRL.

  252 “The President has just . . .”: Randolph to ER, June 24, 1941, ER Microfilm Collection, FDRL.

  253 “the Negro people . . .”: Randolph to ER, June 23, 1941, ER Microfilm Collection, FDRL.

  253 “very glad that the march . . .”: ER to Randolph, June 26, 1941, ER Microfilm Collection, FDRL.

  253 “as the most significant . . .”; “a great step forward”: Louis Ruchames, Race, Jobs and Politics (1953), p. 22.

  253 “Never before . . .”: Chicago Defender, June 25, 1941, p. 2.

  253 “Now the guns . . .”: Joseph Goebbels, The Goebbels Diaries, 1939–1941 (1983), p. 424.

  253 “ . . . new territory in Europe . . .”: William L. Shirer, The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich (1981), p. 796.

  253 “The novelty . . .”: Alan Bullock, Hitler (1962), p. 651.

  254 “We have only . . .”: ibid., p. 652.

  254 “Since I struggled . . .”: Shirer, Rise and Fall, p. 851.

  254 “Everything is well . . .”: Goebbels, Goebbels Diaries, 1939–1941, p. 423.

  254 “War is mainly . . .”: Winston S. Churchill, The Second World War, vol. III, The Grand Alliance (1950), p. 316.

  254 Russians killed: Martin Gilbert, The Second World War (1989), p. 218.

  254 “Tell the B.B.C . . .”: Churchill, Grand Alliance, p. 331.

  255 “The Prime Minister’s compliments . . .”: Martin Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill, vol. VI, ‘Finest Hour’: 1939–1941 (1983), p. 1119.

  255 “I have only one . . .”: Churchill, Grand Alliance, p. 331.

  255 “No one has been . . .”: ibid., pp. 331–33.

  255 “Perhaps he was not . . .”: Harold L. Ickes, The Secret Diaries of Harold L. Ickes, vol. III, The Lowering Clouds, 1939–1941 (1954), p. 549.

  255 precious and . . .”: quoted in William Langer and Everett Gleason, Undeclared War (1953), pp. 537–38.

  255 “a case of . . .” . . . “no one who would save . . .”: Langer and Gleason, Undeclared War, pp. 542–43.

&nb
sp; 256 “tools of British . . .”: Robert E. Sherwood, Roosevelt and Hopkins (1948), p. 303.

  256 Michael Quill: James Loeb, OH, FDRL.

  256 “Will it be good . . .” . . . “He said he thought . . .”: Lash Diary, June 23, 1941, Lash Papers, FDRL.

  256 “Of course we are . . .”: NYT, June 25, 1941, p. 7.

  257 HH’s double mission: Sherwood, Roosevelt and Hopkins, p. 308.

  257 “Tell him, tell him . . .”: Averell Harriman and Elie Abel, Special Envoy to Churchill and Stalin, 1941–1946 (1975) p. 73.

  257 “No man could forget . . .”: Sherwood, Roosevelt and Hopkins, p. 344.

  257 “Not once did . . .”: ibid., p. 343.

  257 “There was little . . .”: Charles E. Bohlen, Witness to History, 1929–1969 (1973), pp. 357–58.

  258 HH cabled FDR: Sherwood, Roosevelt and Hopkins, pp. 333–34.

  258 “The country is awake . . .”: Life, July 7, 1941, p. 17.

  259 “educational phase”: Fortune, April 1941, p. 36.

  259 To be sure: ibid.

  259 ALCOA: NR, Jan. 27, 1941, p. 104.

  259 “the battered citadel . . .”: I. F. Stone, The War Years, 1939–1945 (1988), p. 154.

  259 “There never was a monopoly . . .”: interview with Arthur Goldschmidt.

  259 “As soon as Roosevelt . . .”: ibid.

  260 “When the story . . .”: Time, July 7, 1941, p. 10.

  260 five thousand dishpans: Woman’s Home Companion, Nov. 1941, p. 120.

  260 “Many a good dessert . . .”: NYT, July 22, 1941, pp. 1, 21.

  260 “He laughed over this . . .”: David E. Lilienthal, The Journal of David E. Lilienthal, vol. 1 (1964), p. 404.

  261 “I am sick and tired . . .”; “thoroughly miserable”: John Morton Blum, From the Morgenthau Diaries, vol. II (1965), p. 264.

  261 “one of the most . . .”: Ickes, Secret Diaries, vol. III, p. 592.

  261 “Get the planes off . . .”: Blum, Morgenthau Diaries, vol. II, p. 264.

  261 “highly unfair . . .”: Stimson Diary, Aug. 1, 1941, Yale University.

  261 “All of these . . .”: Stimson Diary, Aug. 4, 1941, Yale University.

  261 “In the first place . . .”: quoted in Ed Cray, General of the Army: George C. Marshall, Soldier and Statesman (1990), p. 198.

  261 “we must get ’em . . .”; “hoity-toity humor . . .”: Stimson Diary, Aug. 1, 1941, Yale University.

  262 “very much on the ball . . .”: Ickes, Secret Diaries, vol. III, p. 592.

  262 “we ought to come . . .”: ibid., p. 595.

  262 “We have done . . .”: NR, April 15, 1946, p. 546.

  262 “Our own Army . . .”: ibid., p. 547.

  262 long list of supplies: ibid.

  262 “My husband . . .”: TIR, p. 224.

  262 “There was nothing . . .”: Ross McIntire, White House Physician (1946), p. 130.

  262 “I hope to be gone . . .”: FDR to SDR, Aug. 3, 1941, PPF 8, FDRL.

  263 “I hope this map . . .”: Martha to FDR, n.d., box 21, Roosevelt Family Papers Donated by the Children, FDRL.

  263 On the morning of the 4th: McIntire, Physician, p. 130.

  263 “They came back . . .”: Perkins, OH, Columbia University.

  263 On the decks of the Augusta: Henry H. Arnold, Global Mission (1949), p. 248.

  263 “Churchill probably never . . .”: W. H. Thompson, Assignment: Churchill (1955), p. 224.

  263 “We are just off . . .”: Churchill & Roosevelt: The Complete Correspondence (1984), vol. I, p. 226.

  264 “ . . . last filament of the spider’s web . . .”: Sherwood, Roosevelt and Hopkins, pp. 347–49.

  264 “You’d have thought . . .”: ibid., p. 351.

  264 “the longest way . . .”: NYT Magazine, Sept. 14, 1941, p. 5.

  264 “I suppose you could say . . .”: Sherwood, Roosevelt and Hopkins, p. 236.

  265 “Around us were numerous . . .”: Thompson, Assignment, pp. 231–32.

  265 “the wrong war . . .”: James MacGregor Burns, Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom (1970), p. 150.

  265 “It’s marvelous . . .”: Blum, Morgenthau Diaries, vol. II, p. 375.

  265 “It is terribly important . . .”: ibid.

  265 “The Japanese . . .”: ibid.

  266 “to slip the noose . . .”: Robert Dallek, Franklin D. Roosevelt and American Foreign Policy, 1932–1945 (1981), p. 274.

  266 “would be compelled . . .”: Churchill, Grand Alliance, p. 390.

  266 “would wage war . . .”: Gilbert, Churchill, vol. VI, p. 1168.

  266 “the final . . .”: Churchill, Grand Alliance, p. 393.

  267 “One got the impression . . .”: Theodore Wilson, The First Summit (1969), p. 109.

  267 “The same language . . .”: H. V. Morton, Atlantic Meeting (1943), p. 114.

  267 “If nothing else . . .”: Elliott Roosevelt, As He Saw It (1946), p. 33.

  267 “Every word seemed to stir . . .”: Churchill, Grand Alliance, p. 384.

  267 “to court disaster”: NYT, July 16, 1941, p. 1.

  267 “reaching the point . . .”: Forrest C. Pogue, George C. Marshall: Ordeal and Hope, 1939–1942 (1966), vol. II, p. 147.

  267 “the battle . . .”: ibid.

  268 “As far as the men . . .”: Life, Aug. 18, 1941, p. 17.

  268 “OHIO”: ibid.

  268 “The absence . . .”: Stimson to FDR, Aug. 15, 1941, PPF 20, FDRL.

  268 “Mindful of the next . . .”: Pogue, Ordeal and Hope, p. 152.

  268 “On this vote . . .”: Alfred Steinberg, Sam Rayburn (1975), p. 171.

  268 “a decidedly . . .”: HH draft article, HH Papers, FDRL.

  268 “The Americans . . .”: Sherwood, Roosevelt and Hopkins, p. 367.

  CHAPTER ELEVEN: “A Completely Changed World”

  270 suffered a stroke in June: Lash Diary, June 4, 1941, Lash Papers, FDRL.

  270 “I should not be . . .”: Bernard Asbell, Mother and Daughter (1988), p. 134.

  270 “peace of mind”: FDR to SDR, July 23, 1941, box 10, Roosevelt Family Papers Donated by the Children, FDRL.

  270 “Of course, you are right . . .”: SDR to FDR, July 23, 1941, box 10, Roosevelt Family Papers Donated by the Children, FDRL.

  271 SDR insisted on walking: James Roosevelt and Sidney Schalett, Affectionately, F.D.R. (1959), p. 316.

  271 ER’s sudden premonition: NYT, Sept. 9, 1941, p. 8.

  271 “A telegram has . . .”: Fred Delano to FDR, Sept. 27, 1941, PPF 8, FDRL.

  271 SDR dressing up: Geoffrey C Ward, A First-Class Temperament (1989), p. 3.

  271 cigarette butts: Michael F. Reilly, Reilly of the White House (1947), p. 82.

  271 “a mother should . . .”: Frances Perkins, The Roosevelt I Knew (1946), p. 67.

  271 “Although we are now . . .”: Rita Kleeman, “Compilation of Material for an Article About Mrs. James Roosevelt,” Kleeman Papers, FDRL.

  271 “I lie on my bed . . .”: SDR to FDR, Aug. 1, 1941, box 10, Roosevelt Family Papers Donated by the Children, FDRL.

  272 could see them in her mind’s eye: SDR to Monroe Robinson, Aug. 6, 1941, PPF 8, FDRL.

  272 “Now that he is back . . .”: Rita Halle Kleeman, Gracious Lady: The Life of Sara Delano Roosevelt (1935), p. 233.

  272 Details of FDR-SDR last meeting: Ward, Temperament, pp. 5–6.

  272 “The President went out . . .”: Reilly, Reilly, p. 84.

  272 “shut himself off . . .”, NYT, Sept. 9, 1941, p. 8.

  272 “I am so weary . . .”: ER to LH, Sept. 7, 1941, LH Papers, FDRL.

  273 “of course attending . . .”: Joseph P. Lash, Love, Eleanor (1982), p. 355.

  273 “The endless details . . .”: ibid.

  273 “The funeral was nice . . .”: Asbell, Mother and Daughter, p. 136.

  273 “He never looked toward . . .”: WP, Sept. 10, 1941, p. 1.

  273 “I think Franklin . . .”: Lash, Love, Eleanor, pp. 360–61.

  273 “Don’t you think
. . .”: James Roosevelt, My Parents: A Differing View (1976), p. 31.

  273 “You promised me . . .”: SDR to FDR, July 14, 1941, box 10, Roosevelt Family Papers Donated by the Children, FDRL.

  273 to wear his rubbers: ER interview, Graff Papers, FDRL.

  273 “Mama, will you please . . .”: interview with Betsey Whitney.

  273 Sara simply announced: John Gunther, Roosevelt in Retrospect (1950), p. 165.

  273 “At first sight . . .”: Sara Delano Roosevelt, My Boy Franklin (1933), p. 42.

  274 sorting through . . .: Grace Tully, F.D.R., My Boss (1949), p. 105.

  274 “No one on his staff . . .”: Ward, Temperament, p. 9.

  274 “all the lines . . .”: MD, Sept. 8, 1941.

  274 “I kept being appalled . . .”: Asbell, Mother and Daughter, p. 136.

  274 “I had so much insecurity . . .”: Lash Diary, Aug. 1, 1940, Lash Papers, FDRL.

  274 “I did not quite know . . .”: TIMS, p. 162.

  275 “she could make it . . .”: Joseph P. Lash, Eleanor and Franklin (1971), p. 303.

  275 “If you’d just run a comb . . .”: Ward, Temperament, p. 175.

  275 “What happened would never . . .”: AH interview with Bernard Asbell.

  275 “I looked at . . .”: Lash, Love, Eleanor, p. 356.

  275 “She thought . . .”: MD, Sept. 9, 1941.

  275 “Mother went to father . . .”: James Roosevelt, My Parents, p. 113.

  275 “Can I have . . .”: FDR to ER, Oct. 7, 1941, box 16, Roosevelt Family Papers Donated by the Children, FDRL.

  275 “Do be an angel . . .”: FDR to ER, Oct. 8, 1941, box 16, Roosevelt Family Papers Donated by the Children, FDRL.

  275 “a rare treat . . .”: Victoria Henrietta Nesbitt, White House Diary (1948), p. 268.

  276 “Pa sprang on me . . .”: Asbell, Mother and Daughter, p. 137.

  276 FDR waited until AB came east: Lash Diary, Oct. 23, 1941, Lash Papers, FDRL.

  276 “Hyde Park is now . . .”: Lillian Rogers Parks, The Roosevelts: A Family in Turmoil (1981), p. 241.

  276 “as they told him . . .”: Joseph P. Lash, Eleanor and Franklin (1971), p. 643.

  276 she took a bottle of gin: interview with Willliam Emerson.

  277 When Hall drank: Eleanor Wotkyns, OH, FDRL.

  277 “The level of noise . . .”: interview with Curtis Roosevelt.

  277 “had a penchant . . .”: Elliott Roosevelt and James Brough, A Rendezvous with Destiny (1975), p. 93.